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M.Com. (Economics) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The period from 1929 to 1939 was selected as the time for study because it was during this time that democracy, as we knew it in the United States, was confronted with two dire threats: the likelihood of complete internal economic collapse and growing success for anti-democratic "isms" in Europe. It is the purpose of this paper to bring together what is considered to be the most representative thinking on the causes and effects of the crisis and to see what features of the crisis have been permanent in nature and what may have been learned from the crisis that might help in preventing a recurrence. / Typescript. / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts under Plan II." / Advisor: Marjorie M. Applewhite, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-51).

This dissertation examines the connections between global capitalism, modern medicine, and empire through a close study of Hoshi Pharmaceuticals during the interwar years. As one of the leading drug companies in East Asia at the time, Hoshi embodied Japan's imperial aspirations, rapid industrial development, and burgeoning consumer culture. The company attempted to control every part of its supply and distribution chain: it managed plantations in the mountains of Taiwan and Peru for growing coca and cinchona (the raw material for quinine) and contracted Turkish poppy farmers to supply raw opium for government-owned refineries in Taiwan. Hoshi also helped shape modern consumer culture in Japan and its colonies, and indeed, became an emblem for it. At its peak in the early 1920s, Hoshi had a network of chain stores across Asia that sold Hoshi-brand patent medicines, hygiene products, and household goods. In 1925, however, the company's fortunes turned for the worse when an opium trading violation raised suspicions of Hoshi as a front for the smuggling of narcotics through Manchuria and China. Although the company was a key supplier of medicines to Japan's military during World War Two, it could not financially recover from the fallout of the opium scandal. In 1952, the industrialist Otani Yonetaro seized control of the company from the Hoshi family. By tracing Hoshi's activities across Japan's expanding empire and beyond, this dissertation shows how private, transnational drug companies such as Hoshi played a vital role in manufacturing and selling Japan as a modern nation and empire. Like many other transnational corporations during the autarkic global climate of the interwar years, Hoshi constantly looked abroad to learn about, borrow, and translate technologies that were circulating across the globe to support the "business" of empire building. Hoshi Pharmaceuticals embodied the symbiotic connections between government and business interests; an ideology of cooperation where the "interests of capital and labor are one"; and adaptations of global, particularly American, technologies of management.

This thesis aims to excavate and accentuate the poetics of transgression manifested in Thomas Pynchon¡¦s The Crying of Lot 49 in the light of psychoanalytical theory. The psychoanalytical reading of this novel is indispensable since it provides an illuminating comprehension of the concept of transgression. The idea of transgression refers emphatically to the act of crossing, traversing, or violating boundaries and, more significantly, to the subversion and undermining power latent in the act of transgression. Chapter one offers a general introduction of the historical and cultural context of the novel, the theoretical framework and thesis structure. Chapter two resorts mainly to Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari¡¦s understanding of the unconscious syntheses in Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia to delineate the textual structure, which refers to San Narciso. The city is simultaneously the projection of Pierce Inverarity¡¦s unconscious topography and the projection of capitalist society. The psychic and social registrations are similarly founded on the model of the unconscious syntheses, or, in Deleuze and Guattari¡¦s words, the desiring-machines, manifesting their assertion that there is no boundary between the psychic and the social and the two are both invested by the desire. The underground network of the Tristero otherwise projects an alternative force in contrast to the capitalist dictatorship of Pierce. The Tristero represents the schizophrenia that is produced yet renounced by capitalism and it also stands for the aggressive force that pushes the capitalist machine to its limits. Chapter three analyzes the relation between Oedipa Maas and the city San Narciso. Oedipa represents a bourgeoisie housewife whose ego centrism is cultivated by the narcissistic enclosure of the capitalist society in San Narciso. The permeating aura of narcissism precipitates her paranoia, depriving her of the alternative sight to see the real Tristero. Oedipa¡¦s paranoiac obsession makes her see the Tristero as a simple conspiracy, ignoring its schizophrenic nature. Opposite to such an arbitrary misconception, this thesis attempt to recover the proper character of the Tristero as a hyperreality in the light of Jean Baudrillard¡¦s notion of simulation.

Thesis (M.A.) - Simon Fraser University, 2006. / Theses (School of Communication) / Simon Fraser University. Also issued in digital format and available on the World Wide Web.

Project (M.P.P.) - Simon Fraser University, 2006. / Theses (Master of Public Policy Program) / Simon Fraser University. Also issued in digital format and available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2003. / Supervisor: Neal M. Burns. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI Company.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Sociology, August 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Queensland, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.