The thesis studies the coins minted by the cities in the Orontes Valley of Syria during the late Hellenistic and Roman periods: Apamea, Larissa, Raphanea, Emesa and Laodicea ad Libanum. All the various aspects of these coinages are presented and comparisons are drawn between the results hereby obtained with those from the surrounding region. The research was conducted by recording as many specimens as possible from public and private collections, in addition to published material and those available online. The thesis starts with an introduction to the geography and history of the region followed by a catalogue, which is presented at the beginning of the thesis to introduce the structure of the coinages. This is followed by discussions on production, circulation, metrology, denominations and iconography in detail. Die studies were also conducted to complement the arguments presented in each of the chapters. Plates illustrating the best preserved specimen of each type and their variants are placed at the end. The discussions of these coinages, based on the compiled data and the proposed structure, have shown that not only were the coinages of each of the cities of the Orontes Valley distinct from those of neighboring regions, they are also different from one another. No compatibility was found between the denominations and currency systems, nor was there any conclusive evidence for the coins of one city circulating in the territory of another. The mints of northern Syria have been previously studied, in addition to several mints of the Phoenician territories to the south; however, regarding the mints of the Orontes Valley, a gap has remained in the study of Roman provincial coins, as none of the mints under discussion have been published and discussed in full. It is hoped that this research will fill that gap and complement the study of Roman provincial coins in general, and that of Roman Syria in particular.