Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1965. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1966. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: l. 35-39.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2000. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-108).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1983. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1953. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [434]-446).

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, 1926. / The entire thesis text is included in file. Typescript. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed November 20, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 38).

This thesis examines two available approaches for predicting the swelling behaviour of unsaturated expansive clays: (i)simplified empirical relationships for rapidly identifying swelling soils and (ii)a more accurate prediction method suitable for design purposes and based upon experimentally measured swell moduli. The work was prompted by the absence of a universally accepted procedure for use with these soils. The initial (and shorter) phase of the work uses published swell data to assess available empirical swell prediction methods and also determine the relative significance of soil parameters used for this purpose. The work suggests that potentially expansive soils can be identified and classified, and the national or regional soil classification systems may be easily amended to allow for this. The results indicated: (i)the swell prediction methods are suitable for indicating the degree of swell behaviour only, and methods for actually quantifying volume change are usually limited to localised application (ii)in situ suction correlated closely with swell for available data, therefore it is suggested that the suction-swell relationship be derived for numerous soils in order to assess the possibility of using it as a stand-alone indicator. The second and most significant phase of the work involved an assessment of Fredlund's constitutive model approach for unsaturated soils when applied to the swell prediction of expansive clays. This required considerable equipment development for measuring volume changes and controlling the stresses of the soil, air and water phases. In addition, two conventional consolidometers (oedometers) were linked to a chart recorder to facilitate continuous data acquisition. An experimental programme of three test series was then instigated to provide data by which Fredlund's theory could be assessed; these included Null tests to assess the validity of the chosen stress state variables, Volume change (uniqueness tests)to evaluate Fredlund's constitutive equations and finally, Consolidometer swell tests to further evaluate the constitutive equations and assess an established soils laboratory test for swell prediction purposes. The results showed : (i)in general, Fredlund’s constitutive model approach is suitable for predicting volume changes in unsaturated expansive clays of a liquid limit range typically found in the field (up to 142%). (ii)despite equipment limitations, equal changes of the stress components (cr, Ua and Uw) produced negligible volume changes, thereby confirming the stress state variables. (iii)both the stress control and consolidometer tests indicated reasonable agreement between measured and predicted swell values, thus confirming the suitability of Fredlund’s constitutive model approach to expansive unsaturated clays. (iv)the theory makes no provision for (a) discontinuous phases in soils found at saturation levels below 25% and above 80-85% and (b) the non elastic behaviour of unsaturated soils following a reversal in stress change. Fredlund’s theory should therefore be further studied for soils composed of discontinuous phases and the effects of stress reversals upon volume change. The development of a full triaxial testing system is recommended.

Improvement in the mechanical properties of soil by lime (Ca(OH)2) results from the formation and development of cementitious phases. The newly formed phases interlock and bond the soil particles together increasing the strength of the soil and improving its durability. In the present work the engineering properties including plasticity, density, compressive strength, porosity, permeability and frost heave resistance were investigated for cylindrical specimens of a Devonian Red-Marl containing various amounts of lime (2-14 wt%), cured for up to 24 weeks at different temperatures (25, 50 and 75°C) and in different environments (sealed, unsealed, air, nitrogen and carbon dioxide). Mineralogical analysis of Red-Marl as well as montmorillonite, kaolinite and illite and also the reaction products of these materials with lime (10-20wt%) were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis (TEM/EDAX) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The Red-Marl was found to consist of illite/glauconite, quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of chlorite and haematite. It was observed that curing temperature has a dramatic effect on the reaction between soil and lime and on the engineering properties of the cured soil-lime samples. At normal curing temperatures the plasticity index decreases markedly and the strength increases only marginally with increasing lime content and curing time. At elevated temperatures, the strength sharply increases in a moist environment whereas lack of sufficient moisture virtually stops any further reaction. It was observed that carbonation of lime does not contribute to any great extent to the increase in strength and should be minimized. The addition of a small amount of NaCl in conjunction with lime may accelerate the reaction slightly. It was observed that the nature of clay soil alters by adding lime and the cured materials show a greater durability with a significant improvement in properties such as pore structure, permeability, volume stability and frost resistance. The analyses of the newly formed cementitious material shows it to consist of almost amorphous gel forming foil-like membranes and fine filaments which interconnect the soil particles. Morphological development and microstructural analyses of the gel suggest that it is formed as a result of the progressive breakdown of the original clay particles by reaction with lime.

The offshore Karoo Supergroup (+2 km thick) of the Seychelles has been divided into five members based mainly on sandstone/mudstone development as revealed by wireline logs and lithological samples. The four lower members are characterized by thick sandstones with minor mudstones and the lowest member distinguished by the presence of occasional bands of lignite; the topmost member has thick mudstones as well as thick sandstones. Members 2 and 3, and 4 and 5 form two upward-fining megacycles in which members 2 and 4 have coarser-grained pebbly, sandstones while the sandstones of 3 and 5 are medium and fine-grained. The sediments are fluvial in origin, possibly braid plain except for the uppermost member which may have formed under a meandering system. Paleogeographic reconstruction invokes a source area in north-east Madagascar shedding debris eastwards towards the Seychelles which at that time (pre-mid-Jurassic) lay between Madagascar to the west, and India to the east. Burial curves are presented from considerations of sediment thickness and texture, structure, including the positions of unconformities and diagenesis as an aid in assessing oil potential. With possible source rocks in overlying marine sediments, hydrocarbon generation may have occurred in late Mesozoic and early Tertiary. Migration could possibly have taken place into fault-juxtaposed Karoo sandstones. For comparative purposes petrographic features of samples from the Elk Point Group Alberta, Canada were studied. This Devonian sequence comprises marginal and marine sediments including carbonates and evaporites, but the sandstones studied come from marginal deltaic deposits. Sandstones studied are remarkably similar in both original composition and diagenetic history. Primary mineralogy was determined by similar source areas - predominantly granitic with minor metamorphic and volcanic components. Despite being deposited in different sedimentary environments both groups show extensive diagenesis involving dissolution of feldspars and lithoclasts, precipitation of quartz, and a second phase of dissolution of feldspar, lithoclasts and quartz. Kaolinite is the dominating clay in the sandstones of Karoo Supergroup up to depths of 10,000 ft, while illite prevails over other clays in the sequence between 10,000-12,500 ft. Illite and chlorite are present in the Elk Point Group: kaolinite is absent. The last stage of cementation in Elk Point sandstones was anhydrite precipitation during Cretaceous times. Precipitation of authigenic cements ended with the formation of carbonates in Karoo sandstones. Cementation, especially by quartz appears to have considerably reduced porosity in many places in both the successions. In both the study areas early diagenesis was controlled by meteoric waters while burial and marine influence are responsible for later diagenetic episodes. The presence of illite and chlorite against kaolinite in the Elk Point Group is due to greater depths of burial than Karoo sandstones. Presence of evaporitic environments lead to the formation of anhydrite in the sandstones of Elk Point Group, while feldspar overgrowths are formed as a result of retention of pore-fluids due to the formation of a closed system controlled by marine flooding surfaces.