Le présent mémoire s’interroge sur les méthodes et résultats des politiques d’appuis à la société civile menées par l’Union européenne au Mali. On y analyse les conséquences positives et négatives sur la société civile malienne et sur l’Union européenne. On remarque que les aides au développement permettent aux organisations de la société civile de développer leur communauté, de progressivement s’organiser et de mobiliser la population. Mais les mécanismes de ces mêmes aides les rendent dépendantes des bailleurs de fonds et les déresponsabilisent progressivement. Du côté de l’Union européenne, ces appuis font d’elle un acteur essentiel au cœur de la politique malienne. Le Mali constitue un terrain de créativité pour les institutions européennes qui développent des outils pour augmenter la collaboration entre les États membres et l’UE. Néanmoins, le système bureaucratique lourd rend difficile l’adaptation au terrain pour l’Union et en fait un acteur plus ou moins contestés dans la région. / This paper examines the methods and results of the European Union's civil society support policies in Mali. It analyzes the positive and negative consequences on Malian civil society and on the European Union. It is noted that development aid allows civil society to develop their community and to gradually organize themselves. But the mechanisms of this aid make them dependent on donors and progressively disempower them. For the European Union, this support makes it an essential actor at the heart of Malian politics. Mali is a creative field for the European institutions, which are developing tools to increase collaboration between the member states and the EU. Nevertheless, the cumbersome bureaucratic system makes it difficult for the Union to adapt to the terrain and makes it a more or less contested actor in the region.

This work deals with the use of 3D mathematical models of fluid in water management practice. Using 3D mathematical model was assessed retention tank Jeneweinova, which is situated on a sewer network of the city of Brno and is an important object of urban drainage. Retention basin designed to keep overflow from CSO chambers to Svratka and Svitavský náhon during storm events. Retention tank Jeneweinova is suitable for the assessment, because tank was designed bassed the Master Plan drainage of Brno using 1D mathematical model. Another factor was the physical model, which was build in LVV Vin FAST BUT. And finally, near the retention tank will be installed measurement on the sewerage network, which will be able to verify the results whitch has been predicted in this work. Mathematical model of retention tanks Jeneweinova was build in software FLOW-3D. FLOW-3D is a general purpose CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software for flow of fluid in steady and unsteady mode and uses computational techniques to solve the equations of motion of fluids. This software is mainly used for the calculation of hydraulic fluids, gas flow and heat transfer simulations. Results from 3D mathematical model has been compared with the values in the physical and 1D mathematical model.