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Some factors affecting weaning weight in an inbred shorthorn herdGottlieb, Harvey Allen. January 1962 (has links)
Call number: LD2668 .T4 1962 G67
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The effect of soy protein on digestibility of calf milk replacers and on intestinal absorptive ability as determined by the xylose absorption testSeegraber, Frank Joseph. January 1978 (has links)
Call number: LD2668 .T4 1978 S44 / Master of Science
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Raising Calves on the Minimum Amount of MilkDavis, R. N., Cunningham, W. S. 01 October 1925 (has links)
This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULIN, SERUM PROTEIN AND PROTEINUREA IN NEONATAL HOLSTEIN CALVES.Hoff, Ann Marie. January 1982 (has links)
No description available.
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Processed soybeans and types of housing for young calvesStutts, Jana Allene January 2011 (has links)
Photocopy of typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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The influence of plane of nutrition on the early growth of the Holstein calfLeche, Terence Frederick January 1964 (has links)
The influence of the nutritive plane on the early growth of the Holstein calf has been investigated. Particular attention has been given to near-maximal growth rates, and to the ability of calves to exhibit compensatory growth after nutrient restriction is removed.
A whole milk feeding standard, intended to allow maximum consumption, was established and used as the plane of nutrition for a group of high-plane calves. A second group of calves was fed milk at a lower plane for a period, before being realimentated to the same high plane that their contemporaries had received. Metabolic rate measurements were made on all calves at regular intervals. The animals of both groups were slaughtered at a body weight of 113 kgm (250 lb) and various measurements were taken from the dissected carcasses.
The high-plane feeding standard proved to be quite satisfactory and permitted weight gains from 1.09 to 1.34 kgm/ day for the calves reared continuously on this plane. Highly reproducible rates of gain were displayed by the low-plane calves, both during the periods of restriction and realimentation. The growth rates of the low-plane calves in the latter period exceeded those of the high-plane animals, being from 1.45 to 1.6l kgm/day. The possible reasons for this increased growth capability are discussed in relation to the studies of other workers on compensatory growth.
Nutrient restriction depressed the metabolic rates of low-plane calves below those exhibited by their high-plane partners of equal weight. Upon realimentation, the metabolic rates of the previously-restricted calves rose quite rapidly to levels commensurate with the heat losses of the high-plane animals.
The carcass dissection studies did not reveal extensive modifications in body composition that could be attributed to the treatments. The growth of certain visceral organs was retarded or accelerated by the nutritive planes imposed, but the musculature and skeleton were apparently unaffected by the pattern of growth.
The yield of edible meat was essentially the same for both groups of animals, despite a lower consumption of milk by the calves whose growth had been interrupted. A model, for comparison of the relative efficiencies of restricted and unrestricted meat-producing animals, is suggested. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate
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Serum protein fluxes between the vasculature and tissues of the hindlimbs in calves fed soy or urea purified dietsBeverly, Joseph L. (Joseph Lee) January 1983 (has links)
M. S.
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Serum protein fluxes between the vasculature and tissues of the hindlimbs in calves fed soy or urea purified dietsJanuary 1983 (has links)
M. S.
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Economic analysis of early weaning for dairy calves using prestarter and varied milk sources in California, Kansas and WisconsinNelson, Leiann Heid. January 1984 (has links)
Call number: LD2668 .T4 1984 N44 / Master of Science
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The effect of rumen inert fat supplementation and protein degradability in starter and finishing diets on veal calf performance and the fatty acid composition of the meatLategan, Elna 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Six groups each with six Friesian bull calves were used in this investigation and slaughtered
at 20 weeks of age. Calves received a low- (LD) or high (HD) degradable protein diet, each
with or without rumen inert fat supplementation. Two commercial fat sources were used,
Morlae (m) and Golden Flake (gf), included at 2.5% of the diet. A commercial milk replacer
(Denkavit) was fed at 4L for 42 days, followed by 2L until weaning at 49 days of age. The
starter diets were fed ad lib. from day 14 to 10 weeks of age and finishing diets ad lib. from
11 to 20 weeks of age. There were no significant differences in body mass gain or dry matter
intake over the entire 20 week period. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved
significantly (P=0.0032) when fat was supplemented to LD, but not to HD diets. The FCR
(kg dry matter/ kg gain) ofLD, HD, LDm, HDm, LDgfand HDgfdiets were 3.45,3.44,3.07,
3.81, 3.02 and 3.43, respectively. All 36 calves were used in a digestibility trial, using
chromium oxide (Cr203) as a marker, during week 18 of the investigation. Digestibility
values (%) for the six diets (LD, HD, LDm, HDm, LDgfand HDgf) were 61.74, 65.91, 75.44,
69.00, 75.54 and 67.15 for dry matter, 61.44, 61.60, 71.33, 68.23, 75.44 and 66.12 for crude
protein and 58.56, 66.45, 75.98, 70.92, 78.43 and 70.79 for fat, respectively. The dry matter
(P=O.OOOl)and fat (P=O.OOOl) digestibilities were only significantly higher when fat was
added to LD diets. The crude protein (CP) digestibilities were significantly higher when fat
was added to either the LD (P=0.0001) or the HD (P=0.0488) diets.
All the calves were slaughtered at 20 weeks of age and the fatty acid content of the meat (m.
longissimus) and subcutaneous fat layer adjacent to the 12th rib as well as the meat colour,
was determined. The fatty acid composition of the longissimus muscle was changed by
feeding the rumen inert fat sources. The three predominant fatty acids found were palmitic,
stearic and oleic acids. The palmitic acid (CI6:0) content of the muscle and diet was 24.44 &
20.47,25.97 & 22.57,31.06 & 33.23, 30.98 & 37.91, 34.94 & 31.77 and 29.71 & 32.88 of the
total fat for the LD, HD, LDm, HDm, LDgf and HDgf diets, respectively. The C16:0 content
was significantly higher in the muscle of the calves receiving the LD diets supplemented with
fat (P=0.0008). There was also a significant interaction between the two fat sources and
protein degradability (P=0.0065), but only in the LD diets. The stearic acid (CI8:0) content
of the muscle and diet was 14.35 & 5.22, 19.65 & 8.61, 17.29 & 4.68, 22.59 & 5.78, 22.27 &
15.54, and 26.48 & 20.15 of the total fat for the LD, HD, LDm, HDm, LDgfand HDgfdiets,
respectively. The C18:0 content was significantly higher in the muscle of calves receiving the
HD (P=O.OOOl)compared to LD diets. The stearic acid content was also significantly higher
when fat was added to LD (P=0.0042) or HD (P=0.0073) diets. The oleic acid (CI8:1)
content of the muscle and diet was 36.06 & 21.51,39.99 & 21.11,32.21 & 23.67, 29.13 &
24.59, 25.23 & 18.68 and 35.93 & 16.02 of the total fat for the LD, HD, LDm, HDm, LDgf
and HDgf diets, respectively. The linolenic acid (CI8:3) content of the muscle was
significantly higher (P=0.0038) when fat was added to LD diets compared to no fat
supplementation (0.87 vs. 0.15). The CIELAB values indicated that LD diets resulted in more
pink meat. Mean values ofL* =-32.61, 34.19; a* = 7.08, 7.91 and b* = 3.18 and 4.07 were
observed for the LD and HD diets, respectively. Meat from the LD diets had significantly
lower L*-(P=0.0252), a*-(P=0.0283) and b*-(P=0.0109) values compared to meat from the
HD diets. It was concluded that there was a positive response in CP digestibility when rumen
inert fats were supplemented to LD or HD diets, although a greater response was shown in the
LD diets. The FCR, dry matter and fat digestibility were only increased when fat was added
to the LD and not to the HD diets. Similarly, the fatty acid contents of the longissimus
muscle of veal calves can be manipulated with the supplementation of rumen inert fat sources,
but only when combined with a low protein degradable diet. The low degradable protein diets
also produce a more attractive meat colour for the potential veal consumer. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ses behandelings, lae- (LD) of hoë (HD) degradeerbare diëte, elk met of sonder rumeninerte
vetsupplementering, is geëvalueer met ses kalwers in elke groep. Twee kommersiële
vetbronne is gebruik, nl. Morlae (m) en Golden Flake (gf) teen 'n 2.5% insluitingspeil. 'n
Kommersiële melksurrogaat (Denkavit) is aangebied teen 4L1dag tot 42 dae ouderdom,
gevolg deur 2L/dag tot speenouderdom op 49 dae. Aanvangsdiëte is ad lib. aangebied vanaf
14 dae tot 10 weke ouderdom en die groeidiëte ad lib. vanafweek 11 tot 20. Daar was geen
betekenisvolle verskille in die totale massatoename of die droëmateriaalinname nie. Die voeromsettingsverhouding
is betekenisvol verbeter (P=0.0032) in die behandelings waarin
rumeninerte vette by LD diëte ingesluit is, maar nie by die HD diëte nie. Die voeromsettingsverhouding
(kg droëmateriaalinname / kg massatoename) van die LD, HD, LDm,
HDm, LDgf en HDgf diëte was 3.45, 3.44, 3.07, 3.81, 3.02 en 3.43, onderskeidelik. Al 36
kalwers is in 'n verteringsproef gebruik gedurende week 18 van die proef. Chroomoksied
(Cr203) is as merker gebruik. Verteerbaarheidswaardes vir die ses diëte was 61.74, 65.91,
75.44,69.00,75.54 en 67.15 vir droëmateriaal, 61.44, 61.60, 71.33, 68.23, 75.44 en 66.12 vir
ruproteïen en 58.56, 66.45, 75.98, 70.92, 78.43 en 70.79 vir vet, onderskeilik. Die
droëmateriaal- (P=O.OOOl) en vetverteerbaarheid (P=O.OOOI) was slegs betekenisvol hoër
wanneer vet by LD diëte gevoeg is en nie by HD nie. Die ruproteïen (RP) verteerbaarheid
Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
VI
was betekenisvol hoër (P=0.0002) by LD en HD (P=0.0488) diëte met vet supplementering,
teenoor geen vet insluiting.
Die kalwers is op 20 weke ouderdom geslag en die vetsuursamestelling van die vleis (m.
longissimus) en die subkutane vetlaag teenaan die 12de rib, asook en die vleiskleur, is bepaal.
Die vetsuursamestelling van die longissimus spier is deur die supplementering van
rumeninerte vet verander. Die drie primêre vetsure wat in die vleis voorgekom het, was
palmitiensuur, steariensuur en oleïensuur. Die palmitensuur (CI6:0) inhoud van die spier en
diëte was 24.44 & 20.47, 25.97 & 22.57, 31.06 & 33.23, 30.98 & 37.91, 34.94 & 31.77 en
29.71 & 32.88 van die totale vet van die LD, HD, LDm, HDm, LDgf en HDgf diëte,
onderskeilik. Die C16:0 was betekinisvol hoër in die spiere van kalwers wat die LD diëte met
vet supplementering (P=0.0008) ontvang het. Die steariensuur (CI8:0) inhoud van die spier
en diëte was 14.35 & 5.22, 19.65 & 8.61, 17.29 & 4.68, 22.59 & 5.78, 22.27 & 15.54, en
26.48 & 20.15 van die totale vet vir die LD, HD, LDm, HDm, LDgf en HDgf diëte,
onderskeidelik. Die C18:0 inhoud was betekinisvol hoër in die spiere van die kalwers wat die
HD (P=O.OOOI),teenoor LD diëte ontvang het. Die steariensuur inhoud was ook betekenisvol
hoër wanneer vet by LD (P=0.0042) of HD (P=0.0031) diëte gevoeg word. Die oleïensuur
(CI8:1) inhoud van die spier en diëte was 36.06 & 21.51, 39.99 & 21.11, 32.21 & 23.67,
29.13 & 24.59, 25.23 & 18.68 en 35.93 & 16.02 van die totale vet vir die LD, HD, LDm,
HDm, LDgf en HDgf diëte, onderskeidelik. Die linoleensuur (CI8:3) inhoud van die spier
was betekinisvol hoër (P=0.0038) in die LD diëte met vet teenoor LD met geen vet
supplementering (0.87 vs. 0.15). Die CIELAB waardes van die LD diëte dui op 'n pienker
vleiskleur. Gemiddelde waardes van L* = 32.61 & 34.19, a* = 7.08 & 7.91 en b* = 3.18 &
4.07 is vir die LD en HD diëte, onderskeidelik, waargeneem. Die vleis van die LD diëte het
'n betekenisvol laer L*-(P=0.0252), a*-(P=0.0283) en b*-(P=0.0109) waarde in vergelyking
met die HD diëte getoon. Die resultate dui daarop dat daar 'n positiewe respons in die
ruproteïenverteerbaarheid by die supplementering van rumeninerte vette by LD en HD diëte
voorkom, maar die response op die LD diëte is groter. Die voeromsettingsverhouding,
droëmateriaal- en vetverteerbaarheid is egter net bevoordeel in die LD met vet en nie in die
HD diëte nie. Die vetsuursamestelling van die longissimus spier in die kalf kan gemanipuleer
word met die supplementering van rumeninerte vetbronne, maar slegs wanneer dit
gekombineer word met lae degradeerbare proteïen diëte. Die lae degradeerbare proteïen diëte
produseer ook die mees aanloklike vleiskleur vir die potensiële kalfsvleisverbruiker.
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