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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Ecogenotoxicologia dos agrotóxicos : avaliação comparativa entre ecossistema agrícola e área de proteção ambiental

Rodrigues, Fabiana Aparecida Caldart 03 1900 (has links)
Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, 2006. / Submitted by leandro spinola (l.spinolafla@gmail.com) on 2009-11-17T17:42:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIANA APARECIDA CALDART RODRIGUES.doc: 281600 bytes, checksum: 89af97b009d4c9a93a60493d9c03fc02 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Carolina Campos(carolinacamposmaia@gmail.com) on 2009-11-18T17:08:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIANA APARECIDA CALDART RODRIGUES.doc: 281600 bytes, checksum: 89af97b009d4c9a93a60493d9c03fc02 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T17:08:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIANA APARECIDA CALDART RODRIGUES.doc: 281600 bytes, checksum: 89af97b009d4c9a93a60493d9c03fc02 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03 / O presente estudo traça um perfil quantitativo e qualitativo, dos principais agrotóxicos utilizados no município de Campo Verde, estado do Mato Grosso - Brasil, um ecossistema agrícola que está localizado adjacente a Chapada dos Guimarães, uma área de ecossistema de proteção ambiental. Verificou-se os agrotóxicos mais comercializados no município de Campo Verde, no ano de 2001. Foram investigadas as freqüências de alterações cromossômicas, mediante análise de micronúcleos em sangue periférico de anfíbios (Bufo schneideri) e o padrão da distribuição genética da enzima a-esterase em drosofilídeos (Drosophila simulans e Zaprionus indianus), os animais foram coletados nos ecossistemas agrícola e de proteção ambiental. Os resultados mostraram que os herbicidas foram os agrotóxicos mais comercializados no município de Campo Verde, no ano de 2001, além do uso intenso de agrotóxicos de classes I, II e III. A freqüência de células micronucleadas de 0,069% na área agrícola não diferiu estatisticamente com as dos anfíbios da área de proteção ambiental (0,013%). O ecossistema agrícola apresentou índice de heterozigosidade média menor que o da área de proteção ambiental, demonstrando sua influência na estrutura genética de comunidades de drosofilídeos. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The present study reports a quantitative and qualitative toxicological profile of the main pesticides used in the municipality of Campo Verde, Mato Grosso-Brazil, an agricultural impacted ecosystem, which is located adjacent of the Chapada dos Guimarães, a conservation site. Investigation of chromosomal aberrations, through micronuclei scoring from peripheral erythrocytes of amphibious (Bufo schneideri) was carried out as genotoxicity end point. Genetic variability of the a-esterases in drosophilidae (Drosophila simulans e Zaprionus indianus) was carried out to investigate alterations in the genetic structure of such insects in the impacted area. Animals were colleted in the agricultural ecosystem and conservation site. The results showed that the herbicides were widely used in Campo Verde, followed by other classes of pesticides. The frequency of micronuclei of 0,069% found in the agricultural ecosystems was very low, not differing statistically from the conservation site of 0,013%, which could be due to a small sample size of amphibious. In the agricultural ecosystem was observed a decreased heterozygozity level in the esterases loci in both species of Drosophila, comparing with the National Park of Chapada dos Guimarães. Our results demonstrated that agricultural ecosystems really have an effect on genetic structure of Drosophilidae communities.

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