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Conflicting values ; "official" and "counter" meta-narratives on human rights in Canadian foreign policy - the case of East TimorWolansky, Randall 05 1900 (has links)
Belief in human rights is a value central to the Canadian self-image. Canadians view
the development of Canada's international peacekeeping role and overseas development
assistance program in the post-1945 era as the foreign policy manifestation of this belief.
It has led to the national myth of the country as a "Humanitarian Middle Power".
Canada's response to Indonesia's oppressive occupation of East Timor (1975 - 1999)
contradicted this national myth. The concept of meta-narrative, of political mythmaking,
is used to examine the reasons why the Liberal and Progressive Conservative
governments in Ottawa during this period perceived Canada's national interest in
maintaining a strong economic relationship with Jakarta over the protection of human
rights in East Timor. These "Official" meta-narratives were countered by Canadian
human rights activists, such as the East Timor Alert Network, who stressed the primacy
of human rights in foreign-policy decision-making. Ultimately, this debate represents a
conflict of values in Canadian society. The "Official" meta-narrative has developed
since World War II in active support of the capitalist world-system dominated by the
United States, whereas the "Counter" meta-narrative challenges the morality of that
system. The "Humanitarian Middle Power" myth, which is at the core of the Canadian
identity vis-a-vis the international community, is not completely invalid, but it is greatly
limited by the firm adherence of Canadian governments to the world economic structure.
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Conflicting values ; "official" and "counter" meta-narratives on human rights in Canadian foreign policy - the case of East TimorWolansky, Randall 05 1900 (has links)
Belief in human rights is a value central to the Canadian self-image. Canadians view
the development of Canada's international peacekeeping role and overseas development
assistance program in the post-1945 era as the foreign policy manifestation of this belief.
It has led to the national myth of the country as a "Humanitarian Middle Power".
Canada's response to Indonesia's oppressive occupation of East Timor (1975 - 1999)
contradicted this national myth. The concept of meta-narrative, of political mythmaking,
is used to examine the reasons why the Liberal and Progressive Conservative
governments in Ottawa during this period perceived Canada's national interest in
maintaining a strong economic relationship with Jakarta over the protection of human
rights in East Timor. These "Official" meta-narratives were countered by Canadian
human rights activists, such as the East Timor Alert Network, who stressed the primacy
of human rights in foreign-policy decision-making. Ultimately, this debate represents a
conflict of values in Canadian society. The "Official" meta-narrative has developed
since World War II in active support of the capitalist world-system dominated by the
United States, whereas the "Counter" meta-narrative challenges the morality of that
system. The "Humanitarian Middle Power" myth, which is at the core of the Canadian
identity vis-a-vis the international community, is not completely invalid, but it is greatly
limited by the firm adherence of Canadian governments to the world economic structure. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate
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Canadian-Indonesian relations 1945-63 : international relations and public diplomacyWebster, David 05 1900 (has links)
Canadian foreign policy towards Indonesia during the governments of Louis St. Laurent
(1948-57) and John Diefenbaker (1957-63) was conditioned by Canada's place in the North
Atlantic alliance, seen as more central to national interests. The most direct Canada-Indonesia
connections were forged by non-government "public diplomats." This thesis utilizes the theory of
"mental maps" as a way of understanding how diplomats imagined the world. Policymakers1
mental maps gave prominence to Europe and the North Atlantic. Southeast Asia appeared only as
a periphery needing to be held for larger "free world" goals. Ottawa viewed Indonesia through the
prism of its alliances and multilateral associations. Canadian diplomacy towards Indonesia was
often designed to preserve the unity of the North Atlantic alliance.
During the Indonesian national revolution, Canadian representatives on the Security Council
acted to help their Netherlands allies. They found a compromise solution that helped to prevent
splits within the North Atlantic alliance and the Commonwealth. Policymakers were working out
a diplomatic self-image: Canada as mediating middle power. This was a process of myth making
in which actions taken for alliance reasons were remembered as part of a global peacemaking
mission. However, Ottawa avoided involvement in the second Indonesian-Dutch decolonization
dispute over West New Guinea (Papua). Development aid also became part of Canada's
diplomatic self-perception. Canada sent aid through the Colombo plan, intended to restore global
trade and fight the cold war with non-military weapons. Canadian aid to Indonesia was negligible,
primarily wheat.
While bilateral relations were limited, non-state actors operating within North America-wide
networks forged more important connections. Canadian advisers to Indonesia's National Planning
Bureau mapped out a development path based on Western models. McGill University's Institute
of Islamic Studies promoted the "modernization" of Islam. Indonesia under Sukarno (1945-65)
tried to avoid dependence on aid, but welcomed investment by oil companies such as Asamera
and bought de Havilland aircraft from Canada. The seeds for the economic policies of Suharto's
New Order (1965-98) were sown during this period by Indonesians based in the Planning Bureau
and at McGill. Public diplomacy had a more enduring effect than government policy. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate
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