Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / "The objectives of this thesis were to characterise the effects fo AR-targeting agents on the growth of prostate cancer cells and to determine whether combining these agents to target the AR (androgen receptor) at more than one level in the signalling pathway would provide a more complete block of androgen signalling and prostate cancer cell growth." --p. v. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1289482 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine,2006

Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / "The objectives of this thesis were to characterise the effects fo AR-targeting agents on the growth of prostate cancer cells and to determine whether combining these agents to target the AR (androgen receptor) at more than one level in the signalling pathway would provide a more complete block of androgen signalling and prostate cancer cell growth." --p. v. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1289482 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine,2006

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. / Committee Chair: Nie, Shuming; Committee Member: Lyon, L. Andrew; Committee Member: McIntire, Larry V.; Committee Member: Murthy, Niren; Committee Member: Prausnitz, Mark R.

No description available.

The 16α-alkylation was achieved via treatment of 3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one-N,N-dimethylhydrazone (118) with n-butyllithium and the appropriate haloalkane to afford exclusive 16α-substitution (119). Subsequent, cupric ion-catalysed hydrolysis, 17-ketone reduction and removal of the 3-hydroxyl protecting group, furnished 16α-methylestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3,17β-diol (122a) and 16α-ethylestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3,17β-diol (122b). An alternative sequence to the 16α-ligands, by direct alkylation of the 17-keto-estrone enolate, was also investigated. In this manner 16α-allylestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3,17β-diol (122c) and 16α-benzylestra-1,3,5,(10)-trien-3,17β-diol (122d) were obtained.

Ph.D. (Chemistry) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Background: ICG-001, an antagonist of CBP (CREB-binding protein), has been demonstrated to exert anti-tumor activity via the modulation of the Wnt signalling pathway. It has previously been demonstrated that miRNAs play an important role in ICG-001-mediated tumor suppression. In the present study, the role of miRNA-134 and 1-integrin in ICG-001-mediated anti-tumor activity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was examined. Methods: NPC cell lines including C666-1, HONE-1 and HK-1 were used in this study. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to study the expression of miRNA-134 and the protein expression of the target proteins, respectively. Confocal microscopy was used to analyse the subcellular localization of 1-integrin. In the functional studies, in vitro endothelial adhesion assay and in vivo nude mice model were used to evaluate the adhesion and migration of ICG-001-treated NPC cells in animals, respectively. Results: ICG-001 was found to up-regulate the expression of miRNA-134 and down-regulate 1-integrin in NPC cells. The effect was accompanied with the inhibition of the adhesion of NPC cells to lung endothelial cells. In addition, over-expression of miRNA-134 would down-regulate the expression of 1-integrin. Results from 1-integrin 3'UTR Renilla luciferase reporter assay confirmed that 1-integrin is a target of miRNA-134 in NPC cells. In the animal study, the ability of ICG-001-pretreated NPC cells or stable miRNA-134 expressing NPC cells to migrate to the mouse lung was greatly reduced. Conclusion: The CBP antagonist ICG-001 may further be developed as an anti-tumor agent for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and leading cause of cancer death among women and represents a considerable public health burden in South Africa and other low-middle income countries. Breast cancer management comprises single or combination treatment including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Short and long-term complications of these treatments include shoulder morbidities such as pain, decreased range of motion, tightness, weakness, pain, numbness and lymphoedema, and may be present for up to 6 years post-surgery. An understanding of baseline demographic and clinical risk factors can guide rehabilitation and management strategies for high risk patients. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of the prevalence of shoulder pain and dysfunction in women attending their post-treatment annual follow up visit for unilateral breast carcinoma. The aim of this study was to quantify the burden of shoulder pain and disability in a tertiary academic hospital in Cape Town, South Africa, and identify potential risk factors for the development of shoulder morbidity. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of shoulder morbidity and the secondary objective was to evaluate associations between shoulder morbidity and risk factors such as treatment protocol or baseline demographics. Results: The majority of patients were of mixed ancestry, had their left side affected, received ALND and had undergone Modified Radical Mastectomy. The mean age was 60 years with a mean follow-up since surgery of 6 years. Three-quarters of patients reported a presence of pain or disability; 9% experienced severe pain and disability. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis identified race, side, axillary surgery, chemotherapy and age as significant predictors of pain, and chemotherapy a significant predictor of disability. Discussion: The substantial burden of shoulder morbidity in this population represents a significant public health burden. The use of identified clinical and demographic characteristics may guide in the development of survivorship programmes incorporating surveillance and management of these high risk patients.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in Diagnostic Radiology Johannesburg, 2019 / INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Triple negative breast Cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype, commonly described as presenting at a younger age, in women of African descent and in low socioeconomic groups. Commonly it demonstrates benign imaging features making diagnosis a challenge. Early detection and treatment is imperative. AIM To determine the common imaging features of TNBC in South Africa. METHOD A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary institution in South Africa. the study population included all biopsy proven TNBC patients presenting between 01/01/2012 – 30/06/2016. All the initial mammograms were re-read by three independent radiologists using a data collection sheet. Illegible or incomplete reports were excluded from the study. RESULTS In our population, TNBC commonly presented in African women with an average age of 54.2 and range 25-95 years, with 47% being pre-menopausal. Typical mammographic features were an oval (27%) or irregular (27%) shaped mass with well circumscribed margins (33%). Our lesions were much larger than those reported in the literature (1). Global asymmetry and architectural distortion were commonly associated features. On ultrasound, the lesions were mostly irregularly shaped (56%) with spiculated borders (29%) and hypoechoic (80%) with axillary adenopathy (81%). CONCLUSION The majority of our patient population presented with a clinically palpable mass, that was larger and had more aggressive features than usually described in the literature. This can be attributed to delayed presentation, due to numerous factors. In order to improving the detection rate and reduce mortality, education and screening programs play a major role. / E.K. 2019

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