published_or_final_version / abstract / Linguistics / Master / Master of Arts

published_or_final_version / Chinese Language and Literature / Master / Master of Arts

Yip Chi Wing. / "August 2000." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Lam, Wai Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 189-192). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Overview --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Data collection --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Defining connected speech --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Theoretical framework: Optimality Theory --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Basic principles --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Conflicts between markedness and faithfulness --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Rationale of using OT in the study of connected speech phonology --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5 --- Principles of speech production --- p.10 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- APPROACHES TO SYLLABLE CONTRACTION --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1 --- Descriptive work on Cantonese syllable contraction --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- The experimental approach to syllable contraction --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- The acoustic approach to syllable contraction --- p.15 / Chapter 2.4 --- The templatic approach to rime change --- p.17 / Chapter 2.5 --- The autosegmental approach to syllable contraction --- p.18 / Chapter 2.6 --- The prosodic approach to syllable contraction --- p.21 / Chapter 2.7 --- The optimality-theoretic approach to syllable contraction --- p.22 / Chapter 2.8 --- Hypotheses --- p.25 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- PATTERNS OF SYLLABLE CONTRACTION --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1 --- The σ1-m2I-σ2 string --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Segmental issues --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1.1.1 --- σ1-m21 contraction --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1.1.1.1 --- The role of the onset --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1.1.1.2 --- Open syllables --- p.31 / Chapter 3.1.1.1.3 --- Offglides --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1.1.1.4 --- Checked syllables (obstruent coda) --- p.35 / Chapter 3.1.1.1.5 --- Nasal coda --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1.1.2 --- m21-σ2 contraction --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1.1.2.1 --- The glottal fricative [h] --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1.1.2.2 --- The glottal stop [？] --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Tonal issues --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1.2.1 --- σ1-m21 contraction --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1.2.2 --- m21 -σ2 contraction --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Summary of the σ1-m21 -σ2 string --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2 --- The σ1-σ2-m21-σ3-σ4 string --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3 --- The σ1-m21 -σ2-σ3 string --- p.53 / Chapter 3.4 --- The m21-σ1 string --- p.55 / Chapter 3.5 --- Summary of this chapter --- p.57 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- CONSTRAINT INTERACTION IN SYLLABLE CONTRACTION --- p.58 / Chapter 4.1 --- Basic syllable structure constraints --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2 --- Avoidance of syllabic nasals through syllable contraction --- p.59 / Chapter 4.3 --- Coda issues --- p.65 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Obstruent coda deletion --- p.65 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Nasal coda --- p.73 / Chapter 4.4 --- Onset issues --- p.75 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Illegal m21-σ2 contraction --- p.75 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Glottal transparency --- p.80 / Chapter 4.5 --- Tonal issues --- p.85 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- σ1 -m21 contraction --- p.88 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- m2I-σ2 contraction --- p.90 / Chapter 4.6 --- Summary of constraint interaction in syllable contraction --- p.96 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- PROSODIC CONSTRAINTS GOVERNING SYLLABLE CONTRACTION --- p.98 / Chapter 5.1 --- Prosodic structure of various A-not-A strings --- p.98 / Chapter 5.2 --- Predicting the result of syllable contraction by constraint ranking --- p.102 / Chapter 5 .3 --- Summary of prosodic factors --- p.105 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- VARIATIONS AND CONSTRAINT RE-RANKING --- p.106 / Chapter 6.1 --- Variations on the number of morae --- p.110 / Chapter 6.2 --- Variations on the deletion of segments --- p.115 / Chapter 6.3 --- Variations on the number of syllables --- p.117 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUSION --- p.121 / APPENDIX I --- p.125 / APPENDIX II --- p.155 / APPENDIX III --- p.170 / APPENDIX IV --- p.185 / LIST OF REFERENCES --- p.189

¹The transcriptions for Cantonese syllables presented in this paper are based on the Cantonese Romanization Scheme proposed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (Chinese Character Database: With Word-formations, 2003). The number besides each syllable marking denotes the lexical tone. / Five experiments were conducted to investigate how phonological information is processed in Cantonese spoken word production using the picture-word interference (PWI) paradigm. Participants were asked to name aloud individually presented pictures and ignore an accompanying auditory word distractor. In the first three experiments of the present study, the target picture names were Cantonese mono-syllables with a consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) structure. Participants' picture naming latencies were found faster when the target (e.g., /sing1/l¹, "Star") and the distractor (e.g., /ging 2/, /sik6/, or /soeng3/) shared two identical segments (irrespective of the segments' syllable-internal position), than when they were unrelated, whereas no reliable effects were obtained when they shared only the vowel (e.g., /dim3/), the coda (e.g., /hu ng2/), or together with the tone (e.g., /bit1/ or /fung1/). Furthermore, the facilitation effect observed in the consonant+consonant+tone-related condition (e.g., /soe ng1/) was found reliably larger than that in the consonant+consonant-related condition (e.g., /soeng3/). In Experiment 4, the syllable structure of the targets was manipulated such that half of the picture names were mono-syllables with a consonant-vowel (CV) structure (e.g., / so1/, "comb") and the other half a CVC structure (/sing1/). A significant syllable (without tone) related facilitation was found irrespective of the target type, whereas no reliable effect was observed when the target and the distractor (e.g., /se6/ and /sam2/, for CV and CVC targets, respectively) shared only the onset consonant. Furthermore, Experiment 5 investigated whether phonetic factors modulate the facilitation effect observed in a PWI task. To this end, the sonority level and duration of the target's rhyme component were manipulated in Experiments 5A and 5B, respectively. A significant rhyme-related priming effect was found in both Experiments 5A and 5B, and such effect was neither affected by the sonority level nor duration of the target's rhyme component. These results are in line with the notions that (1) a single segment does not have a significant impact on Chinese spoken word planning, (2) sub-syllabic constitutes such as rhyme is an important processing unit, (3) the lexical tone has a unique role to play during phonological encoding, and (4) segmental and tonal retrieval are operated in an interactive manner. Based on all the available results from Cantonese PWI research, an interactive model of Cantonese spoken word production is proposed. / Wong, Wing Kuen. / Adviser: Hsuan-Chih Chen. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-04, Section: B, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-117). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

published_or_final_version / Humanities / Master / Master of Philosophy

Kam Patgi. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 103). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Automatic Speech Recognition --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Pronunciation Modeling in ASR --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Obj ectives of the Thesis --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Outline --- p.5 / Reference --- p.7 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- The Cantonese Dialect --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Cantonese - A Typical Chinese Dialect --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Cantonese Phonology --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Cantonese Phonetics --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Pronunciation Variation in Cantonese --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Phone Change and Sound Change --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Notation for Different Sound Units --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- Summary --- p.17 / Reference --- p.18 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Large-Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition for Cantonese --- p.19 / Chapter 3.1 --- Feature Representation of the Speech Signal --- p.20 / Chapter 3.2 --- Probabilistic Framework of ASR --- p.20 / Chapter 3.3 --- Hidden Markov Model for Acoustic Modeling --- p.21 / Chapter 3.4 --- Pronunciation Lexicon --- p.25 / Chapter 3.5 --- Statistical Language Model --- p.25 / Chapter 3.6 --- Decoding --- p.26 / Chapter 3.7 --- The Baseline Cantonese LVCSR System --- p.26 / Chapter 3.7.1 --- System Architecture --- p.26 / Chapter 3.7.2 --- Speech Databases --- p.28 / Chapter 3.8 --- Summary --- p.29 / Reference --- p.30 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- Pronunciation Model --- p.32 / Chapter 4.1 --- Pronunciation Modeling at Different Levels --- p.33 / Chapter 4.2 --- Phone-level pronunciation model and its Application --- p.35 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- IF Confusion Matrix (CM) --- p.35 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Decision Tree Pronunciation Model (DTPM) --- p.38 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Refinement of Confusion Matrix --- p.41 / Chapter 4.3 --- Summary --- p.43 / References --- p.44 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- Pronunciation Modeling at Lexical Level --- p.45 / Chapter 5.1 --- Construction of PVD --- p.46 / Chapter 5.2 --- PVD Pruning by Word Unigram --- p.48 / Chapter 5.3 --- Recognition Experiments --- p.49 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Experiment 1 ´ؤPronunciation Modeling in LVCSR --- p.49 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Experiment 2 ´ؤ Pronunciation Modeling in Domain Specific task --- p.58 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Experiment 3 ´ؤ PVD Pruning by Word Unigram --- p.62 / Chapter 5.4 --- Summary --- p.63 / Reference --- p.64 / Chapter Chapter 6. --- Pronunciation Modeling at Acoustic Model Level --- p.66 / Chapter 6.1 --- Hierarchy of HMM --- p.67 / Chapter 6.2 --- Sharing of Mixture Components --- p.68 / Chapter 6.3 --- Adaptation of Mixture Components --- p.70 / Chapter 6.4 --- Combination of Mixture Component Sharing and Adaptation --- p.74 / Chapter 6.5 --- Recognition Experiments --- p.78 / Chapter 6.6 --- Result Analysis --- p.80 / Chapter 6.6.1 --- Performance of Sharing Mixture Components --- p.81 / Chapter 6.6.2 --- Performance of Mixture Component Adaptation --- p.84 / Chapter 6.7 --- Summary --- p.85 / Reference --- p.87 / Chapter Chapter 7. --- Pronunciation Modeling at Decoding Level --- p.88 / Chapter 7.1 --- Search Process in Cantonese LVCSR --- p.88 / Chapter 7.2 --- Model-Level Search Space Expansion --- p.90 / Chapter 7.3 --- State-Level Output Probability Modification --- p.92 / Chapter 7.4 --- Recognition Experiments --- p.93 / Chapter 7.4.1 --- Experiment 1 ´ؤModel-Level Search Space Expansion --- p.93 / Chapter 7.4.2 --- Experiment 2 ´ؤ State-Level Output Probability Modification …… --- p.94 / Chapter 7.5 --- Summary --- p.96 / Reference --- p.97 / Chapter Chapter 8. --- Conclusions and Suggestions for Future Work --- p.98 / Chapter 8.1 --- Conclusions --- p.98 / Chapter 8.2 --- Suggestions for Future Work --- p.100 / Reference --- p.103 / Appendix I Base Syllable Table --- p.104 / Appendix II Cantonese Initials and Finals --- p.105 / Appendix III IF confusion matrix --- p.106 / Appendix IV Phonetic Question Set --- p.112 / Appendix V CDDT and PCDT --- p.114

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Linguistics / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Speech and Hearing Sciences / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy