Cette thèse porte sur l'analyse de l'importance des contributions des infrastructures de transport au développement économique et social en tenant compte des spécificités propres à l'économie djiboutienne. Nous avons effectué cette analyse dans le cadre théorique de l'industrie des réseaux, de l'économie spatiale et des modèles de croissance endogène. En tant que composante des industries de réseaux, les réseaux de transport sont sources d'économies externes positives qui se diffusent à l'ensemble de l'activité économique et qui font d'eux un facteur de développement économique indispensable. Ces effets externes peuvent s'exercer dans le voisinage immédiat des infrastructures de transport et peuvent influencer les choix de localisation des acteurs économiques. Ils ont aussi des effets macroéconomiques qui se propagent aussi à l'échelle de la nation et modélisés par les nouvelles théories de la croissance. En nous appuyant sur les apports théoriques des modèles de croissance endogène, nous avons effectué une analyse économétrique pour mesurer les effets exercés par les dépenses publiques et privées d'investissement sur l'évolution du revenu réel dans le cas de Djibouti. Nous avons basé l'étude économétrique sur l'estimation d'une fonction de production agrégée par la méthode de cointégration et le modèle Vectoriel à Correction d'erreurs (VECM). Les résultats des estimations ont montré que, conformément à ce qui était attendu, à long terme, le stock de capital privé a un effet positif significatif sur le du revenu réel. A l'inverse, le stock de capital public a un impact négatif significatif sur la dynamique du PIB réel aussi bien dans le court terme que dans le long terme. Mots clés : Infrastructures de transport, Développement, croissance, investissements publics, port de Djibouti, port de Doraleh, transport maritime, COMESA.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-131).

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-01-27T12:34:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Pedro_de_Oliveira.pdf: 637237 bytes, checksum: efde0586a138b0db8f9ce76edafba44e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-27T12:34:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Pedro_de_Oliveira.pdf: 637237 bytes, checksum: efde0586a138b0db8f9ce76edafba44e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-31 / The intellectual capital is characterized as an intangible asset, which has been considered as the most important factor on the results of the organizations. In that sense, this study analyzes the relation between the intellectual capital and the performance of a Brazilian public organization. This is an exploratory research which was carried out on the Instituto Nacional da Seguridade Social - INSS, a public organization responsible for the management of financial resources which represents about 8% of the GNP. In order to achieve the proposal objectives, first some intellectual capital indicators were select from the model named Skandia developed by Edvinsson and Malone (1998) and some variables related to the activities performed by the unit studied. Later, it was collected data from INSS, regarding to the Benefits Department. After the data collection and the statistical treatment, it was possible to establish relations between the intellectual capital indicators and some performance variables of this organization. The reached results show that the indicators related to the experience of the civil servants, the aging of the systems, and the services available in the web, have contributed to the better results, which can be explained by the accuracy and the reduction in the time of analysis process. However, the indicators related to training and education didn't show a significant relation to the chosen variables, which suggests that external factors should be considered in a future research. / O capital intelectual caracteriza-se como um ativo intang??vel, que vem sendo considerado como o fator diferencial nos resultados das organiza????es privadas. Nesse sentido, este estudo analisa a rela????o entre o capital intelectual de uma organiza????o p??blica brasileira e seu desempenho. Trata-se de uma pesquisa explorat??ria, realizada em uma unidade do Instituto Nacional da Seguridade Social - INSS, ??rg??o respons??vel pela gest??o de recursos financeiros que representam cerca de 8% do PIB do pa??s. Para consecu????o do objetivo proposto, foram inicialmente selecionados indicadores de capital intelectual do modelo Skandia, desenvolvido por Edvinsson e Malone (1998), e indicadores de desempenho pertinentes ??s atividades da unidade objeto de estudo. Posteriormente, foram coletados dados junto ao INSS, referentes ?? divis??o de benef??cios concedidos aos segurados. Ap??s a coleta e tratamento estat??stico dos dados foi poss??vel estabelecer rela????es entre os referidos indicadores de capital intelectual e algumas vari??veis que mostram o desempenho da institui????o. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os indicadores "experi??ncia do servidor p??blico", "maturidade dos sistemas" e "utiliza????o dos servi??os dispon??veis na internet" contribu??ram para um melhor desempenho, representado por uma melhor qualidade e menor tempo de an??lise para a concess??o dos benef??cios. J?? os indicadores referentes a treinamento e grau de escolaridade de pessoal n??o apresentaram uma rela????o direta com as vari??veis de desempenho selecionadas, o que sugere que outros fatores externos devam ser considerados em pesquisas futuras.

Two cases from public health care levels were compared on practises used to manage working capital with two cases from the same levels of health care in private health sector. The objective was to establish whether the practises in public health sector comply with the efficient management of working capital principles and whether it was practically feasible to apply the methods in health care provision. Primary and secondary data was collected. Staffs at an operational and administrative level were interviewed at both the primary and the Secondary health care. It was found that principles of working capital practiced in private sector are mostly consistent with working capital theories and could actually be implemented effectively in public health sector without risking patient health. Inefficiencies were identified in the public sector at both an operational and administrative level especially at a secondary health care level. Finally the study makes recommendations on how to address such inefficiencies. / Thesis(MBA)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Geography, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-59).

Cette thèse porte sur l’analyse de l’importance des contributions des infrastructures de transport au développement économique et social en tenant compte des spécificités propres à l’économie djiboutienne. Nous avons effectué cette analyse dans le cadre théorique de l’industrie des réseaux, de l’économie spatiale et des modèles de croissance endogène. En tant que composante des industries de réseaux, les réseaux de transport sont sources d’économies externes positives qui se diffusent à l’ensemble de l’activité économique et qui font d’eux un facteur de développement économique indispensable. Ces effets externes peuvent s’exercer dans le voisinage immédiat des infrastructures de transport et peuvent influencer les choix de localisation des acteurs économiques. Ils ont aussi des effets macroéconomiques qui se propagent aussi à l’échelle de la nation et modélisés par les nouvelles théories de la croissance. En nous appuyant sur les apports théoriques des modèles de croissance endogène, nous avons effectué une analyse économétrique pour mesurer les effets exercés par les dépenses publiques et privées d’investissement sur l’évolution du revenu réel dans le cas de Djibouti. Nous avons basé l’étude économétrique sur l’estimation d’une fonction de production agrégée par la méthode de cointégration et le modèle Vectoriel à Correction d’erreurs (VECM). Les résultats des estimations ont montré que, conformément à ce qui était attendu, à long terme, le stock de capital privé a un effet positif significatif sur le du revenu réel. A l’inverse, le stock de capital public a un impact négatif significatif sur la dynamique du PIB réel aussi bien dans le court terme que dans le long terme. Mots clés : Infrastructures de transport, Développement, croissance, investissements publics, port de Djibouti, port de Doraleh, transport maritime, COMESA. / This thesis focuses on the analysis of the importance of the contributions of transport infrastructure into economic and social development, taking into account the specificities of the Djiboutian economy. We conducted this analysis in the theoretical framework of economics of networks, spatial economics and endogenous growth models. As part of the network industries, transport networks are sources of positive external economies that spread to the entire economic activity which makes them an indispensable factor in economic development. These externalities can affect the immediate vicinity of transport infrastructure and may influence the location choices of economic actors. They also have macroeconomic effects that spread across the nation and that are modeled by the endogenous growth theories. Relying on the theoretical contributions of endogenous growth models, we conducted an econometric analysis to measure the effects exerted by public and private investment on the evolution of real income per capita in the specific case of Djibouti. We based our study on the econometric estimation of an aggregate production function of two factors (public capital stock and private capital stock) by the method of cointegration and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The estimation results indicated that, in accordance with what was expected, in the long term, the stock of private capital has a positive and significant effect on real income per capita. Conversely, the stock of public capital has a significant negative impact on the dynamics of real GDP per capita in both the short term and the long term. Keywords : Transportation Infrastructure, Development, Growth, public investment, Djibouti port, Doraleh port, maritime transport, COMESA.

A large part of the study of politics is dedicated to identifying the circumstances under which democracy will flourish. Putnam made a major contribution to this field through his concept of social capital as developed in Making Democracy Work. Putnam found that communities with a high number of civic associations –i.e. social capital- had a better chance of developing an effective style of democratic government. This definition of social capital sparked much subsequent research and policy activity. It is argued here, however, that this work ignored the immediate needs of societies which do not have the required stock of social capital. There is still little guidance available on how effective government can be achieved even if the right societal circumstances are absent. This thesis hopes to find inspiration from government agencies that were successful despite their challenging social capital conditions. It specifically looks at sixteen public utilities on the Caribbean islands of Aruba, Curacao and St. Kitts between 2005 and 2009. The thesis then systematically investigates the relationship between the performance of the agencies and the behaviour of their senior officials. It emerges that in the absence of social capital, governance is in these cases mainly hampered by a deluge of irrelevant data. Successful utilities overcame this flood by constantly upgrading the quality of information, implementing a strict yet inclusive style of governance, and allowing strong leaders the space to translate words into actions. These outcomes suggest that social capital forms an important tool for ordering information, and that, in its absence, there are still alternative strategies available to secure success nonetheless.

Submitted by Rachel Pereira (rachelprr@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-17T18:36:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final REV_Gilda nov 15.pdf: 1846031 bytes, checksum: 7d6c244709230f5c7b1384dcf8b8920a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-17T18:36:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final REV_Gilda nov 15.pdf: 1846031 bytes, checksum: 7d6c244709230f5c7b1384dcf8b8920a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / A tese teve como tema central a situação das bibliotecas públicas brasileiras, a partir da visão de atores políticos e pesquisadores que, de alguma forma, estiveram ou ainda estão ligados a estas instituições. Em entrevistas realizadas no período de junho de 2014 a fevereiro de 2015, foram levantadas questões sobre a possível crise institucional na atualidade, o impacto das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs), a situação das bibliotecas brasileiras e sua relação com a comunidade, além das expectativas sobre um Plano específico para a área. Para embasar o levantamento empírico, percorreu-se brevemente a literatura que aborda a história da instituição, revelando como esta tem se adaptado ao contexto, refletindo tempo e espaço, e mudado a visão de sua relação com o seu público, a sua comunidade. Como o tema tem sido tratado na literatura internacional também foi considerado. A literatura apontou para temas que contribuem para um novo entendimento da instituição no uso das TICs, na formação de cidadania e nas relações com a comunidade, neste sentido aparecendo em destaque a ideia de biblioteca pública, como criadora de capital social. Em relação às bibliotecas brasileiras foram abordados o pensamento e a atuação de três intelectuais que refletiram e atuaram na área da biblioteca pública. Foi, também, analisada a evolução das políticas para a área, sendo estas exemplificadas com as boas práticas em bibliotecas públicas. A partir da base oferecida pela literatura foi elaborada a metodologia a ser empregada nas entrevistas. Optou-se pela aplicação de entrevista semiestruturada visando possibilitar aos entrevistados liberdade na formulação das respostas. As opiniões dos entrevistados destacam a má situação das bibliotecas públicas brasileiras, tendo sido oferecido nos depoimentos diversos ângulos para o entendimento da invisibilidade institucional na perspectiva das suas comunidades e do desprestígio político da biblioteca pública brasileira / The thesis was focused on the situation of Brazilian public libraries, from the perspective of political actors and researchers who, in some way, were or are still connected to these institutions. In interviews performed from June 2014 to February 2015, questions were raised about the possible institutional crisis today, the impact of information and communication technologies (ICTs), the situation of Brazilian libraries and their relationship with the community, as well as expectations on a specific plan for the area. To support the empirical survey, it toured briefly the literature addressing the institution's history, showing how it has always been adapted to its context, and the view of its relationship with its audience, its community, has also changed. The literature pointed to issues that contribute to a new understanding of the institution in the use of ICTs in the formation of citizenship and relations with the community, to that effect appearing highlighted the idea of public library, as creator of social capital. Regarding the Brazilian libraries, the thought and action of three outstanding intellectuals who reflected and acted in the public library area were considered. The development of policies for the area was also analyzed, and illustrated with good practice in public libraries. The methodology adopted was semi-structured interviews aiming to allow respondents freedom in formulating the answers. The opinions of respondents highlight the plight of Brazilian public libraries, and offer different angles to understand the institutional invisibility and its lack of prestige.

The goal of this thesis is to describe the possibilities of SMEs to finance their innovation activities. In the first chapter we specify and define SMEs, their advantages and disadvantages. We use statistical analysis to prove, how they contribute on the changes of selected macroeconomic measures. The second chapter deals with the different tools and ways to finance SMEs, as well as the main providers of institutional support for SMEs. The last chapter designs the Regional innovation fund as an institution providing seed and start-up financing.

Over the last three decades, scholars in management, policy, and geography have examined the growing economic, social, and spatial impact of the financial sector. Venture capital firms have been a focus, generating a contested but deep literature around the roles of such "value-adding" capital providers in supporting the growth of firms, industries, and various territorial innovation models. In parallel, there has been substantial government support-financial, regulatory, and otherwise-of these private sector financial intermediaries, despite scepticism. The past twenty years have seen the emergence and rapid growth of analogous funders in the third sector, itself the realm of substantial experimentation and growth. These new intermediaries, "venture philanthropists", have become important players in shaping, structuring, and channelling funding to the third sector. The activities and effects of venture philanthropists are underexplored, as are their growing interactions with governments-despite intentional and striking similarities between the evolution of venture capital and that of venture philanthropy. This dissertation addresses these gaps by systematically examining the emergence, evolution, and operational practices of two influential British venture philanthropy funds: the first such fund in Europe (Impetus Trust) and the first fund in the world co-created with the state (Inspiring Scotland). The two venture philanthropy organisations (VPOs)-one with roots in venture capital, the other with roots in the voluntary and government sectors-both conducted the venture capital-inspired operational model of venture philanthropy in similar ways. That said, the VPOs reflected the logics and practices of their founders and funders. Impetus Trust more closely resembled early-stage venture capital, with a reliance on London-based networks, funders, and service providers-and a heavily London-focused portfolio. Inspiring Scotland evidenced the logics of government rather than charity in several instances, with substantial original research into social issues, heavily structured portfolios on set timelines, and regionally-distributed staff. This approach broadened access, allowing support of SPOs and their clients across various (and underserved) geographies, but limited options for opportunity-driven or expressive functions of philanthropy. I surveyed the CEOs of most organisations supported by the two venture philanthropy funds (82 of 98 charities and social businesses), supplemented by interviews of selected CEOs and the founders and staff of the two funds. I find that, overall, the two VPOs each engaged in seven core activities of venture capital, intentionally adapting them to the third sector: sourcing and selection, due diligence, an engaged relationship, provision of funding, provision of non-financial support, creation of network linkages, and intentional exiting of relationships. As in venture capital, this process had broader effects: providing signals of investee quality, preparing investees for subsequent funding, and expanding networks. The combination of long-term relationships and high formal reporting requirements imposed significant costs for SPOs-and also created a virtuous cycle of trust and collaboration between VPOs and SPOs. The venture philanthropy model also had broader societal effects, creating data regarding individual organisations and the efficacy of responses to social issues, which in both cases informed policy. As intermediaries, venture philanthropists decreased power differentials and improved the flow of (oft-anonymized) information amongst funders, statutory bodies, and funded organisations, facilitating several types of collaboration. SPO managers indicated that they received, on average, approximately ten different types of non-financial support-like strategy consulting, human resources support, or legal counsel. These managers reported in interviews and surveys that the non-financial services provided by venture philanthropists were highly valued, on average. Further, managers believed these services provided more value than it cost the VPOs to provide them. Likewise, managers highly valued most forms of new networking connections (though not all services or linkages were found to be valuable). Smaller SPOs valued services and network links more highly than larger SPOs, although all sizes of SPOs indicated both were valuable, on average. Importantly, this data was provided by SPO managers and focused on the SPO-VPO dyad-rather than provided by VPOs and focused at the portfolio or trust level. This filled an important gap in the literature: academics and practitioners often lament that the voices of charities supported by foundations are not often enough heard, which limits our understanding of many aspects of organizational philanthropy and its effects-in particular the burdens and benefits for recipient organisations. I documented the co-creation of the first government-supported venture philanthropy fund through eleven interviews with founding managers and government officials. This model, in which state, private, and civil society actors collectively founded and funded a value-adding capital provider, militates against neoliberal assumptions of an ever-diminishing state, as does the leveraging of private resources in alignment with state aims-though it raises concerns around democratic processes, accountability, and local control. This work helps inform the changing nature of the voluntary sector and its relationship with the state. I focus on the increasing interaction of actors between and across systems-sometimes in new roles and coordinated by new intermediaries-in the allocation of resources and delivery of services in the public interest. These new interactions inform broad bodies of work that seek to understand changing sectoral roles, most notably discourses surrounding neoliberalism(s), financialisation, and public management. Overall, I find privately- and publicly-funded venture philanthropy playing a role in the third sector analogous to the role of venture capital in the private sector, with similar practices and concomitant effects in data generation, network formation and strengthening, facilitating partnerships, and signalling the quality of supported organisations. By examining two such emerging models of capital provision, I contribute grounded understanding of the way such systems are created and function across the private, public, and third sectors.