This thesis involved Tetra Pak and corrugated cardboard suppliers in China at various locations to understand how this industry looks like, the reasons for inconsistent quality and analysis of the current state of whole industry, and recommendations for improvement. As innovation can bring competitive advantage to companies, our thesis focused upon making extended value of material flow from Tetra Pak and suppliers. The aim of this project is to investigate how strategic intelligence can create value and strengthen Tetra Pak business relationship with its customers in big emerging markets like China. Theoretical framework creates a foundation for how to structure the efficiently utilize intelligence in the decision-making process for a MNC. Another aspect of the thesis was to examine supply network management process and the supplier relationship development in China, as well as the strategic, social, macro economy aspects that influence change management in medium and large organizations. Corrugated cardboard industry in China is still in a transitioning to a mature market. One conclusion drawn from the trip to China is that the dairy producer should start emphasizing visual control on quality, and less concern on price. They should see their suppliers as long term partners but not just treat them as providers. Because it is fundamentally undercutting the ability of the organization to improve what it provides to customers through better quality and productivity. It hinders efforts from reducing cost. Finally, the research problems we focus throughout this thesis will be answered after the analysis. Moreover, we will provide some suggestions about corrugated industry and our case company-Tetra Pak.

<p>This thesis involved Tetra Pak and corrugated cardboard suppliers in China at various locations to understand how this industry looks like, the reasons for inconsistent quality and analysis of the current state of whole industry, and recommendations for improvement.</p><p>As innovation can bring competitive advantage to companies, our thesis focused upon making extended value of material flow from Tetra Pak and suppliers. The aim of this project is to investigate how strategic intelligence can create value and strengthen Tetra Pak business relationship with its customers in big emerging markets like China. Theoretical framework creates a foundation for how to structure the efficiently utilize intelligence in the decision-making process for a MNC.</p><p>Another aspect of the thesis was to examine supply network management process and the supplier relationship development in China, as well as the strategic, social, macro economy aspects that influence change management in medium and large organizations.</p><p>Corrugated cardboard industry in China is still in a transitioning to a mature market. One conclusion drawn from the trip to China is that the dairy producer should start emphasizing visual control on quality, and less concern on price. They should see their suppliers as long term partners but not just treat them as providers. Because it is fundamentally undercutting the ability of the organization to improve what it provides to customers through better quality and productivity. It hinders efforts from reducing cost.</p><p>Finally, the research problems we focus throughout this thesis will be answered after the analysis. Moreover, we will provide some suggestions about corrugated industry and our case company-Tetra Pak.</p>

This document attempts to capture the main ideas and evolution of my art making process during the three years of graduate studies at the University of New Orleans. My art making practice is an ever-evolving exploration of materials and ideas. Through art processes and experimentations I am able to overcome negative feelings about my role in society. I get lost in my process making things, thinking about things, and trying to come up with new ideas for the world. I am attempting to heighten mundane materials like cardboard, crayons, foams and concrete with intuitive abstract shape making. I am trying to present materials to the viewers in a way that is unusual and engaging. It is my hope that in doing so they might think about similar things that I think about while making the objects.

In a recent study, an environment-friendly material, corrugated cardboard, was used as a building block for the vibration isolator with a preliminary study. The present thesis was motivated to advance technology for improving the design of such a corrugated cardboard vibration isolator with a focus on the modeling of its stiffness and damping. In particular, this study has performed the following works: (1) improving the FE (finite element) model of the stiffness of the corrugated cardboards by more accurately identifying the material parameters in the cardboard material constitutive equation; (2) analyzing the effect of the error in geometry of the corrugated cardboards in the FE model; (3) developing the Rayleigh damping model of the corrugated cardboards and evaluating its accuracy. Several conclusions were drawn from this study: (1) the parameter identification procedure based on the inverse analysis is feasible for improving the accuracy of the model of the stiffness of the cardboard. (2) The FE model of the cardboards with a greater in-plane geometrical deflection has less vertical compressive stiffness. The geometrical deflections of the corrugated cardboards also change the condition of the contact friction stress and the compressive deformation. (3) Rayleigh damping model is accurate enough for calculating the damping of the corrugated cardboards. The contributions of the thesis include: (1) provision of a more accurate model for the compressive stiffness the corrugated cardboards, (2) finding that the friction between the cardboard and the vibrator and the geometrical error of the cardboards have a significant influence over the accuracy of the FE model, (3) finding that in practice the foregoing influence can significantly degraded the performance of the cardboards as a vibrator isolator, and (4) provision of a model for the compressive damping of the corrugated cardboards.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:55:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Michelle_A_P_Silva.pdf: 5227602 bytes, checksum: d0586321b8dc6e9c7351442bbdc6a257 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The study addressed the process of working people, called "pickers" who collect recyclable materials, particularly scrap of cardboard. The work done by the collectors of scrap cardboard occupies a central place in the lives of those who perform it, because, besides being a means of survival, is also a means of social integration, which enables the relationship between people and the feeling of belonging to a group. The survey was conducted in the South Zone, encompassing the city center of Manaus, where we selected three combinations (ALLIANCE, AND ECO-RECICLA ARPA) that work exclusively with scavenging scraps of cardboard. The process of industrialization in the Industrial Pole of Manaus and local businesses not only contribute to environmental degradation but also to the emergence of new social categories such as professional scavengers of cardboard. For this work, we understand that the city of Manaus there is a significant amount of leftover scraps of cardboard, where scavengers bound associations collect this material, so we need is to understand how this process works today and how the process of work done by these social actors. The aim of this study was to delineate the living conditions and talk through the characterization work processes carried out by scavengers of cardboard from Manaus-AM. The methodology used in this study was an exploratory qualitative research, through the forms, interviews, participant observation, oral history and geospatial technologies. According to results it was found that there is a small number of women on the streets picking up cardboard, they prefer to separate the material for recycling, organizing the sale and attend meetings representing the associations. The survey showed that 20% of the pickers had never attended school and other 70.0% responded that they have incomplete primary education and only 10.0% completed high school. Of the total number of collectors only 25.0% were born in the city of Manaus, while 75.0% were born elsewhere. About 85.0% of the collectors who own their own homes while 15.0% live in rented accommodation. According to the survey, despite the disease - especially the skin - they are very common among most collectors of cardboard, they do not link to their health, not binding them to the status of their work. Regarding the problem of alcoholism among collectors of cardboard, the survey data showed that 64.28% of respondents said that there are problems with alcohol and 28.5% said no. Regarding the working day was found to range from 9 to 15 hours weekly. As for monthly income, these range from £ 540.00 to 1.080.00, while the monthly average is $ 810.00. In the city of Manaus scavenging cardboard is held mainly by associations (Alliance, Arpa, Eco-Recycle) of reusable and recyclable, the workers perform the recycling collection service, material separation, pressing and baling of cardboard in different sizes . Although present in summary form. These actors begin their work scavenging material in the streets of inner cities and gather in the courtyards of the industries, after the selection process, this material is separated, weighed, pressed and finally tied it with bales of different sizes to marketing . The definition of collection sites has been established for many years, there are cases of scavengers collecting cardboard for 10 or 17 years, the center part of the routine of many collectors. Therefore, the space occupied, the area becomes a reference for the collector belonging. We can say it was an odd experience, to study the working process of the cardboard collectors in the city of Manaus, and see it through the eyes of a researcher, the situation of these social actors, as they enjoy what they do, we also found the possibility for change and solutions for the best development work. Also, realize that the work done by the collectors of cardboard are fundamental to the promotion of recycling and, consequently, to build a world natural and ecologically healthy, as it brings environmental benefits by saving natural resources, energy and water, beyond the undoubted environmental aspect. / O estudo abordou o processo de trabalho das pessoas, denominado de catadores que coletam materiais recicláveis, em especial, aparas de papelão. O trabalho realizado pelos catadores de aparas de papelão ocupa um lugar central na vida dos que o realizam, pois, além de ser um meio de sobrevivência, também é um meio de integração social, que possibilita o relacionamento entre pessoas e o sentimento de pertencer a um grupo. A pesquisa foi realizada na Zona Sul, englobando o centro da cidade de Manaus, onde foram selecionadas três associações (ALIANÇA, ECO-RECICLA E ARPA) que trabalham exclusivamente com a catação das aparas de papelão. O processo de industrialização no Polo Industrial de Manaus e comércio local contribuem não apenas para a degradação do ambiente, mas também para o surgimento de novas categorias sociais tais como as profissões dos catadores de papelão. Para a realização deste trabalho, entendemos que na cidade de Manaus existe uma quantidade significativa de sobras de aparas de papelão, onde catadores vinculados as associações coletam este materiais, assim precisamos é entender como esse processo funciona atualmente e como o processo de trabalho realizado por esses atores sociais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi delinear as condições de vida e discorrer através da caracterização os processos de trabalho realizados pelos catadores de papelão da cidade de Manaus-AM. A metodologia utilizada, neste estudo foi investigação de caráter exploratório qualitativo, por meio dos formulários, entrevistas, observação participante, história oral e técnicas de geoprocessamento. De acordo com resultados verificaram-se que existe um número pequeno de mulheres nas ruas catando papelão, elas preferem separar o material para reciclagem, organizam a venda e participam das reuniões representando as associações. A pesquisa mostrou que 20% dos catadores nunca estudaram e outros 70,0% responderam que têm o ensino fundamental incompleto e apenas 10,0% concluíram o ensino médio. Do total de catadores apenas 25,0% são naturais da cidade de Manaus, enquanto que 75,0% nasceram em outras localidades. Cerca de 85,0% dos catadores possuem casa própria enquanto que 15,0% moram em casa alugada. Segundo os dados da pesquisa, apesar das doenças principalmente as de pele serem muito frequentes entre a maioria dos catadores de papelão, eles não a relacionam à sua saúde, não as vinculam à condição do seu trabalho. Com relação ao problema de alcoolismo entre os catadores de papelão, os dados da pesquisa demonstraram que 64,28% dos entrevistados afirmaram que existem problemas de alcoolismo e 28,5% disseram que não. Em relação à jornada de trabalho foi verificado que varia entre 9 a 15 horas, semanalmente. Quanto aos rendimentos mensais, estes oscilam entre R$ 540,00 a R$ 1.080,00, embora a média mensal seja de R$ 810,00. Na cidade de Manaus a catação do papelão é realiza principalmente pelas associações (Aliança, Arpa, Eco-Recicla) de materiais reutilizáveis e recicláveis, os trabalhadores da reciclagem realizam o serviço de coleta, separação do material, prensagem e o enfardamento do papelão em diferentes tamanhos. Apesar de apresentar de forma sumária. Esses atores iniciam seu trabalho com a catação do material nas ruas dos centros da cidade e o recolhimento nos pátios das indústrias, depois do processo de seleção, esse material é separado, pesado, prensado e por fim é amarrado por fardos de diferentes tamanhos até a comercialização. A definição dos locais de coleta foi estabelecida há muitos anos, existem casos de catadores que coletam papelão há 10 ou 17 anos, o centro que faz parte da rotina de muitos catadores. Portanto, o espaço ocupado, o território torna-se para o catador um referencial pertencimento. Podemos dizer que foi uma experiência impar, estudar os processo de trabalho dos catadores de papelão da cidade de Manaus, e vê-lo com os olhos de uma pesquisadora, a situação desses atores sociais, no que fazem gostam do que faz, verificamos também a possibilidade de mudança e soluções para o melhor desenvolvimento do trabalho. Além disso, percebemos que os trabalhos realizados pelos catadores de papelão são fundamentais para a promoção da reciclagem e, consequentemente, para a construção de um mundo natural e ecologicamente mais saudável, pois, trás benefícios ambientais através da economia de recursos naturais, energia e água, além do inquestionável aspecto ambiental.

This master’s thesis discusses the useof enzymatic hydrolysis process of waste cardboard using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) as a source of raw materials for production of liquid biofuels. This thesis is based on theses written by Ing. Brummer and Ing.Lepař.Thus, results gained in these works have been used and also further developed. The theoretical part summarizes the reasons for further development of SSF method and discusses, as well, the achievements reached in the processing of lignocellulosic waste materials by the SSF method so far.This section also discusses the general characteristics of lignocellulosic materials and also of the cellulolytic enzymes. It focusses also on individual pretreatment methods of lignocellulosic material and options of increasing the yield of the whole process. The experimental part verifies the particular results reached in previous theses and at the same time a further optimization of the method has been carried out because of the transfer of the whole process into a fermenter. Cardboard was set as the substrate for the experiments as it was evaluated by Ing. Brummer as the best one for enzymatic hydrolysis which was carried out by enzymes from Novozymes®. Parameters such as temperature, pH and kind of used buffer, the loading concentration of substrate and enzymes, were set according to the thesis of Ing. Lepař, which was aimed to their optimization. The SSF process done in fermenter of 2.0 l volume confirmed the previous results and furthermore it has been more effective through optimization of the added inoculum volume. It has been confirmed that the best substrate is cardboard finely grinded by vibrating mill. Also experiments with added nutrients had been done as an effort to increase the ethanol concentration, but these haven’t resulted insatisfying results. The maximal concentration of ethanol was 23,49 g/l, which was achieved after further optimization of various conditions. This result equals to experimental yield of 84,79 %.

The diploma thesis focuses on the issue of movement and interaction in virtual reality and then shows the design and concrete example of the application.

A chair was designed and built through exploration of material and form. Cardboard was chosen as the main material to create the chair. Initially it was paired with concrete and a first study was developed. Cardboard and concrete as materials were too different and did not support each other. Failures in the design and material were noted which informed the next steps of the thesis. Rather than stacking the cardboard, I implemented a quarter iso-grid that required less cardboard, could create more complex forms, and was also able to interface more effectively with other materials. A chair form was designed to be tested. Ultimately, two materials were chosen to compliment the cardboard quarter iso-grid. In the first chair a fiberglass skin was used to cover the cardboard, providing lightweight structural support. The second chair used steel in place of fiberglass. Sections of the cardboard were replaced with steel. The two versions of the chair each had their strengths and weaknesses. The fiberglass was lightweight, strong, and smooth, however it was difficult to work with and the cardboard became less apparent as a part of the chair. On the other hand the steel fit into the quarter iso-grid as a rib element similar to the cardboard making the quarter iso-grid and cardboard more apparent. The steel suffered in strength due to the notches necessary for the quarter iso-grid and had to be reinforced. / Master of Architecture

Soluções computacionais desenvolvidas para dispositivos móveis são cada vez mais comuns. A popularização de aplicativos móveis possibilitou o desenvolvimento de soluções para diversas áreas de grande potencial, como a área da saúde, entre ela a Terapia Ocupacional. Entre essas soluções, trabalhos apresentaram diversos métodos computacionais para o apoio a Terapia do Espelho. A terapia do espelho é um método que consiste na execução de exercícios com um membro saudável refletido em um espelho de modo que a visualização auxilie na redução da dor e na reabilitação do membro afetado. Essa terapia tem apresentado resultados, entre outros, na reabilitação para indivíduos que reportam dor do membro fantasma ou em recuperação pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). A literatura apresenta soluções computacionais para, entre outros, permitir a visualização do membro saudável a partir de tecnologias de realidade aumentada e de dispositivos vestíveis. Essas soluções muitas vezes são de difícil acesso e economicamente inviáveis. Um trabalho anterior, realizado em colaboração com equipe multidisciplinar, resultou na definição de um modelo de acompanhamento remoto que emprega dispositivos móveis para permitir o monitoramento de pacientes em tratamento por meio da terapia do espelho. Uma das limitações encontradas naquele trabalho foi o fato do terapeuta não conseguir acompanhar de maneira automática se o paciente está executando a terapia de maneira correta. Explorando essas contribuições e limitações, este trabalho teve como objetivo propor um modelo que permita o acompanhamento remoto da terapia do espelho com apoio de recursos de realidade aumentada. Como apoio computacional ao modelo, foi desenvolvida a aplicação para smartphones TEIRA (Terapia do Espelho Interativa com Realidade Aumentada) que, utilizada em conjunto com a tecnologia Google Cardboard, permite a execução da terapia do espelho com realidade aumentada. Além disso, com a integração do sistema TEIRA com o sistema de planejamento de intervenções ESPIM (Experience Sampling and Programmed Intervention Method), foi possível proporcionar um método de acompanhamento remoto com coleta de dados e vídeo. Consulta a especialistas indica que a solução apresenta benefícios potenciais para o monitoramento do paciente durante o acompanhamento remoto, que ajudem o paciente a executar a terapia de maneira correta. / Computational solutions developed for mobile devices are increasingly common. The popularization of mobile applications enabled the development of solutions for several areas of great potential, such as the health area, including Occupational Therapy. Among these solutions, papers presented several computational methods to support Mirror Therapy. Mirror therapy is a method that involves performing exercises with a healthy limb reflected in a mirror so that visualization helps in reducing pain and in rehabilitating the affected limb. This therapy has shown results, among others, in rehabilitation for individuals who report phantom limb pain or in post-stroke recovery. The literature presents computational solutions to, among others, allow visualization of the healthy limb from technologies of augmented reality and wearable devices. These solutions are often difficult to access and economically unfeasible. Previous work, conducted in collaboration with a multidisciplinary team, resulted in the definition of a remote monitoring model that uses mobile devices to allow the monitoring of patients being treated by means of mirror therapy. One of the limitations found in this work was that the therapist was unable to automatically follow up if the patient was performing the therapy correctly. Exploring these contributions and limitations, this work aimed to propose a model that allows remote monitoring of mirror therapy with the support of augmented reality resources. As a computational support to the model, the application was developed for TEIRA (Interactive Mirror Therapy with Augmented Reality) which, used in conjunction with the Google Cardboard technology, allows the execution of mirror therapy with reality increased. In addition, with the integration of the TEIRA system with the ESPIM (Experience Sampling and Programmed Intervention Method) intervention system, it was possible to provide a remote monitoring method with data and video collection. Expert consultation indicates that the solution has potential benefits for patient monitoring during remote monitoring, which will help the patient perform the therapy correctly.

Soluções computacionais desenvolvidas para dispositivos móveis são cada vez mais comuns. A popularização de aplicativos móveis possibilitou o desenvolvimento de soluções para diversas áreas de grande potencial, como a área da saúde, entre ela a Terapia Ocupacional. Entre essas soluções, trabalhos apresentaram diversos métodos computacionais para o apoio a Terapia do Espelho. A terapia do espelho é um método que consiste na execução de exercícios com um membro saudável refletido em um espelho de modo que a visualização auxilie na redução da dor e na reabilitação do membro afetado. Essa terapia tem apresentado resultados, entre outros, na reabilitação para indivíduos que reportam dor do membro fantasma ou em recuperação pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). A literatura apresenta soluções computacionais para, entre outros, permitir a visualização do membro saudável a partir de tecnologias de realidade aumentada e de dispositivos vestíveis. Essas soluções muitas vezes são de difícil acesso e economicamente inviáveis. Um trabalho anterior, realizado em colaboração com equipe multidisciplinar, resultou na definição de um modelo de acompanhamento remoto que emprega dispositivos móveis para permitir o monitoramento de pacientes em tratamento por meio da terapia do espelho. Uma das limitações encontradas naquele trabalho foi o fato do terapeuta não conseguir acompanhar de maneira automática se o paciente está executando a terapia de maneira correta. Explorando essas contribuições e limitações, este trabalho teve como objetivo propor um modelo que permita o acompanhamento remoto da terapia do espelho com apoio de recursos de realidade aumentada. Como apoio computacional ao modelo, foi desenvolvida a aplicação para smartphones TEIRA (Terapia do Espelho Interativa com Realidade Aumentada) que, utilizada em conjunto com a tecnologia Google Cardboard, permite a execução da terapia do espelho com realidade aumentada. Além disso, com a integração do sistema TEIRA com o sistema de planejamento de intervenções ESPIM (Experience Sampling and Programmed Intervention Method), foi possível proporcionar um método de acompanhamento remoto com coleta de dados e vídeo. Consulta a especialistas indica que a solução apresenta benefícios potenciais para o monitoramento do paciente durante o acompanhamento remoto, que ajudem o paciente a executar a terapia de maneira correta. / Computational solutions developed for mobile devices are increasingly common. The popularization of mobile applications enabled the development of solutions for several areas of great potential, such as the health area, including Occupational Therapy. Among these solutions, papers presented several computational methods to support Mirror Therapy. Mirror therapy is a method that involves performing exercises with a healthy limb reflected in a mirror so that visualization helps in reducing pain and in rehabilitating the affected limb. This therapy has shown results, among others, in rehabilitation for individuals who report phantom limb pain or in post-stroke recovery. The literature presents computational solutions to, among others, allow visualization of the healthy limb from technologies of augmented reality and wearable devices. These solutions are often difficult to access and economically unfeasible. Previous work, conducted in collaboration with a multidisciplinary team, resulted in the definition of a remote monitoring model that uses mobile devices to allow the monitoring of patients being treated by means of mirror therapy. One of the limitations found in this work was that the therapist was unable to automatically follow up if the patient was performing the therapy correctly. Exploring these contributions and limitations, this work aimed to propose a model that allows remote monitoring of mirror therapy with the support of augmented reality resources. As a computational support to the model, the application was developed for TEIRA (Interactive Mirror Therapy with Augmented Reality) which, used in conjunction with the Google Cardboard technology, allows the execution of mirror therapy with reality increased. In addition, with the integration of the TEIRA system with the ESPIM (Experience Sampling and Programmed Intervention Method) intervention system, it was possible to provide a remote monitoring method with data and video collection. Expert consultation indicates that the solution has potential benefits for patient monitoring during remote monitoring, which will help the patient perform the therapy correctly.