This thesis examines the implementation of mental health reforms in Britain and Italy since the 1950s from a geographical perspective. Both countries have experienced the policies of deinstitutionalisation and community care, yet the timing, methods and outcomes of implementation have varied considerably, both between the countries and within them. This situation suggests that underlying social, political, economic and cultural differences have been important influences on the implementation of the respective mental health reforms, and this is a theme that is considered throughout the thesis. The research was conducted at three levels of enquiry: firstly by comparing the implementation of mental health reforms at the national scale in Britain and Italy, looking in particular at the influence of politics and place; secondly by focusing upon the implementation of the reforms in two cities, for which Sheffield and Verona were selected; thirdly a case study approach was adopted in order to study in greater detail one community-based mental health service in each city. It was at this level of enquiry that the more intensive research was carried out, in the form of two local resident questionnaire surveys, one in each city, and semi-structured interviews with mental health professionals from the two case study services. This research illustrates that the implementation of mental health reforms in Britain and Italy has led to a geographical unevenness in the distribution of community-based services at all spatial scales. However, the social, cultural and political contexts in which the reforms have occurred in the two countries have been quite different and therefore when contemplating direct comparisons between mental health reforms in Britain and Italy, the argument that 'place matters' is highly pertinent.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1997. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2943. Abstract precedes thesis as 1 preliminary leaf. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-67).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Victoria University (Melbourne, Vic.), 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis PlanA (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Mental capacity is the ability to understand, reason, and exercise choice by making informed decisions. Acute and/or critical illness may impact upon the decision making abilities of hospitalised adult patients. Assessment of patients for reduced, fluctuating or absent capacity gives the healthcare team the legal authority to assess best interests and to make treatment decisions without consent under this justification. Qualified nurses are the everpresent professional group in acute and critical care settings. They may initiate assessments of mental capacity which may be influential in the ways that the decision making of patients is facilitated or substituted. There are, however, few studies that focus on processes employed by them in this area in fast-moving clinical settings, although it is recognised that physical illness may have a significant impact upon capacity status.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-09-22T12:13:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sirlei Alves.pdf: 1473806 bytes, checksum: 8caacd0bf58e851e6c5c99e7e3cf0552 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-22T12:13:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sirlei Alves.pdf: 1473806 bytes, checksum: 8caacd0bf58e851e6c5c99e7e3cf0552 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Although Nursing adopts the notion of care in accordance with contemporary debates on mental health and although care is naturally associated to the feminine, instrumental practices which impact how Nursing performs this care are still prevailing. In this context, this dissertation intends to explore the senses which are attributed to care and the nexus with a gender perspective in the Nursing context from public domain documents. The dissertation is a qualitative research in Social Psychology anchored on socio-constructivist perspective with focus on real events socio-historically built as well as on language effects on social practices. Discursive practices and creation of meaning in daily life have been used as analysis methodology. The analyzed documents convey different meanings regarding care and indicate it is polissemic. Among the different conceptions, two positions from different origins of thoughts have excelled: a more holistic perspective, which accesses a comprehension of relational, integral, and human care, in which repertoires, meanings and notions associated to the language of Human Rights paradigm coexist. The other matrix, a more biological perspective, accesses a technicistic, hospitalocentric, and pathological care, which is influenced by biological sciences paradigm, demonstrating that this discursive field is marked by controversies. In relation to the intersection between care, Nursing, and gender, in one hand, Nursing has gained visibility as the profession of care in the health field; on the other hand, this care is often underestimated when it is historically associated to the feminine. Those discussions are also pertinent in an attempt to break off stigmas, bias, and prejudices which involve the insertion of the man in the Nursing profession. The care, intertwined to the historically built social relations established between men and women, positions the woman, the nurse, in a place of inferiority and subordination in relation to the man, the doctor. / Embora a enfermagem adote a noção de cuidado em consonância com os debates mais contemporâneos em saúde mental, e apesar de o cuidado ser naturalmente associado ao feminino, ainda prevalecem práticas instrumentais que impactam a forma como a enfermagem performa esse cuidado. Nesse contexto, pretende-se, nesta dissertação, explorar os sentidos atribuídos ao cuidado e aos nexos com a perspectiva de gênero no contexto da enfermagem a partir de documentos de domínio público. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa em Psicologia Social, ancorada na perspectiva socioconstrucionista com foco nos acontecimentos/realidade construídos sócio-historicamente, tal como nos efeitos da linguagem nas práticas sociais. Tem como metodologia de análise as práticas discursivas e a produção de sentidos no cotidiano. Os documentos analisados veiculam diferentes sentidos acerca do cuidado, indicando que ele é polissêmico. Dentre as distintas concepções sobressaíram duas posições, que vêm de matrizes distintas de pensamentos: uma perspectiva mais holística, que dá acesso a um entendimento do cuidado relacional/integral/humanizado, no qual coexistem repertórios, sentidos e noções associados à linguagem do paradigma dos Direitos Humanos. A outra matriz, mais biológica, dá acesso ao cuidado tecnicista/hospitalocêntrico/patológico, que recebe influência do paradigma das ciências biológicas, demonstrando que esse campo discursivo está sob disputa. Em relação à intersecção entre cuidado, enfermagem e gênero, se, por um lado, no campo da saúde, a enfermagem ganhou visibilidade como a profissão do cuidado, por outro esse cuidado é por vezes desvalorizado quando se associa, historicamente, ao feminino. Essas discussões são pertinentes, ainda, na tentativa de romper com os estigmas e preconceitos que envolvem a inserção do homem na profissão de enfermagem. O cuidado, entrelaçado às relações sociais historicamente construídas que se estabelecem entre homens e mulheres posiciona, a enfermagem, em um lugar de inferioridade e subalternidade.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Melbourne, Dept. of Public Health, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1946.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1946.

Thesis advisor: John Westefeld. Includes bibliographic references (p. 112-120).