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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Environmental and ergonomic variables in operation microtractor / VariÃveis ambientais e ergonÃmicas na operaÃÃo com microtrator

Francisca Nivanda de Lima Estevam 28 July 2015 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A utilizaÃÃo de microtratores na agricultura familiar otimizou o trabalho, mas ainda assim, nÃo excluiu totalmente o operador dos riscos da atividade, pois o mesmo realiza o trabalho em campo aberto totalmente exposto a variaÃÃo das condiÃÃes climÃticas, principalmente a radiaÃÃo solar, temperatura e umidade relativa, alÃm do ruÃdo intenso e da vibraÃÃo produzida pelo microtrator. A caracterizaÃÃo deste ambiente e dos riscos laborais produzidos pela mÃquina sÃo necessÃrios para o desenvolvimento de estratÃgias que possam minimizar os riscos e dar condiÃÃes ao operador de desempenhar sua atividade sem comprometimento da sua condiÃÃo fÃsica. O trabalho foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental Lavoura Seca (FELS) da Universidade Federal do Cearà (UFC) localizada no municÃpio de QuixadÃ, sertÃo central do CearÃ. Utilizou-se um microtrator modelo TC14 Super (cultivador motorizado), marca Yanmar Agritech, acoplado a uma enxada rotativa. Para as mediÃÃes das variÃveis climÃticas, do operador e do microtrator foram utilizados sensores e aparelhos instalados nos mesmos. O delineamento experimental foi feito esquema fatorial 3x5, onde foram utilizadas trÃs velocidades para cinco horÃrios ao longo do dia. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à anÃlise de variÃncia, sendo as mÃdias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Concluiu-se que a atividade realizada pelo operador de microtrator no municÃpio de QuixadÃ-Cearà à considerada estressante, devido à alta carga tÃrmica e caracterÃstica do clima do municÃpio. Todos os mÃtodos utilizados foram de valia para caracterizaÃÃo da atividade que se mostrou insalubre para o ruÃdo e salubre para vibraÃÃo. O mÃtodo OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysing System) foi eficaz para identificar o risco ergonÃmico da atividade, sendo as costas do operador a parte do corpo mais afetada, pela tendÃncia do operador de se inclinar durante a atividade, recomenda-se a implementaÃÃo de ginÃstica laboral, alongamentos antes e depois da atividade, para diminuir o risco de lesÃes musculares e lombalgias. / The use of microtratores in family farming optimized the work, but still, did not exclude the operator of the activity of risk, because it gets the job done in fully exposed open field the variation in climatic conditions, especially solar radiation, temperature and humidity relative, apart from the loud noise and vibration produced by microtractor. The characterization of environmental and occupational hazards produced by the machine are needed for the development of strategies that can minimize risk and provide conditions for the operator to perform their activities without compromising their condition. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Crop Drought (FELS) of the Federal University of Cearà (UFC) in the municipality of QuixadÃ, central backwoods of CearÃ. We used a microtractor model TC14 Super (motor cultivator) brand Yanmar Agritech, coupled to a rotary tiller. For measurements of climate variables, operator and microtractor were used sensors and devices installed in them. The experiment was done factorial 3x5, which were used three speeds to five times throughout the day. The data were submitted to variance analysis and the averages were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. It was concluded that the activity carried out by microtractor operator in the city of QuixadÃ-Cearà is considered stressful, due to the high thermal load and municipal climate feature. All methods used were of value to characterize the activity that proved unhealthy for noise and vibration for wholesome. The OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysing System) method was effective to identify ergonomic risk of the activity, and operator's back part of the most affected body, the operator's tendency to tilt during activity, it is recommended to implement fitness labor, stretches before and after activity to reduce the risk of muscle injury and back pain.

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