Note:

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 114 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-77).

Articular cartilage is an avascular, aneural tissue that covers the ends of diarthroidal joints. Once damaged by disease or injury, cartilage lacks the ability to self-repair. Generating tissue engineered cartilage is an exciting field that may provide a possible solution to this problem. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of a through-thickness perfusion bioreactor to generate scaffoldree tissue engineered cartilage. The results of the study show that allowing long-term static culture to cell constructs before perfusion increases the efficacy of the bioreactor. Immediate perfusion of cell constructs in the bioreactor is shown to decrease the efficacy to produce scaffoldree constructs with desirable biomechanical and biochemical properties. The results of the study also show possible options in future works that could increase the efficacy of the bioreactor.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued on the Internet.

Thesis (doctoral)--Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 1989. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2004. / "July 2004." Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued on the Internet.

Thesis (doctoral)--Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 1989. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Background: Patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) have demonstrated morphological and compositional changes in femoral articular cartilage. However, it is unclear how running biomechanics are associated with femoral cartilage thickness and composition for both ACLR patients and controls. Objectives: (1) to compare measures of femoral cartilage thickness and composition between ACLR patients and matched non-ACLR controls at resting, (2) to investigate how 30 minutes of running influences the aforementioned measures for ACLR patients and controls, and (3) to investigate relationships between running biomechanics and knee cartilage thickness and composition in ACLR patients and controls. Methods: Twenty ACLR patients (age: 23 ± 3 years; mass: 69.7 ± 9.9 kg; time post ACLR: 14.6 ± 6.1 months) and 20 matched non-ACLR controls (age: 22 ± 2 years; mass: 67.1 ± 10.9 kg) participated in the study. A running session required both groups to run for 30 minutes at a self-selected speed. Before and after running we measured femoral cartilage thickness via ultrasound imaging. An MRI session consisted of T2 mapping. Independent t-tests were used to examine differences in femoral cartilage thickness and T2 relaxation time at resting, and thickness changes following the run between the two groups. Pearson correlations were used to explore relationships between running biomechanics and femoral cartilage thickness and relaxation time at resting. Results: The ACLR group showed longer T2 relaxation times in three regions of the medial femoral condyle at resting compared with the control group (overall: 54.9 ± 14.2 vs. 39.3 ± 8.2 ms, P = 0.001; central: 51.2 ± 16.6 vs. 34.9 ± 13.2 ms, P = 0.006; posterior: 50.2 ± 10.1 vs. 39.8 ± 7.4 ms, P = 0.006). Following the run, the ACLR group showed greater deformation in the medial femoral cartilage than the control group (0.03 ± 0.01 vs. 0.01 ± 0.01 cm, P = 0.001). Additionally, the ACLR group showed significant negative correlations between resting T2 relaxation time in the central region of the medial femoral condyle and peak vGRF, and vertical impulse (r = -0.53, P = 0.013; r = -0.46, P = 0.041, respectively) during running. Conclusions: The ACLR group showed greater water content in medial femoral cartilage and greater deformation in medial femoral cartilage thickness following 30 minutes of running compared with the controls. In addition, the ACLR group demonstrated significant negative correlations between water content in medial femoral cartilage and vGRF. Our findings suggest that those who are at least 24 months post-ACLR have degraded cartilage composition and their cartilage is more sensitive to joint loading morphologically.

by Linda, Fu Lap Kun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-128). / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.ii / ABSTRACT --- p.xii / Chapter CHAPTER ONE: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO : --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- BIOLOGY OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Normal cartilage --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.1.1 --- Composition and properties --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.1.2 --- Morphology of normal cartilage --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Degeneration of cartilage --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- Morphology of degenerative cartilage --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.2.2 --- Biochemical characteristics of degenerative cartilage --- p.13 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Healing of degenerated articular cartilage --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2 --- METHODS TO CREATE OSTEOARTHRITIS MODEL --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Immobilization --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Instability method --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- SCORING OF OSTEOARTHRITIS --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Gross morphology --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- Mapping of OA area --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.1.2 --- Amount of synovial fluid --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.1.3 --- Mobility --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Histological scoring --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Biochemical comparison --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Water content --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Proteoglycan --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4 --- THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Biology of Hyaluronic acid --- p.24 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Repairing properties of Hyaluronic acid in OA --- p.24 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- The pharmacology of Hyalgan --- p.26 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Intraarticular injection of Hyaluronic acid in animals --- p.26 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE: --- CREATING OSTEOARTHRITIC MODEL --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2 --- MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Animals --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Instabilization --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Reagent and Apparatus --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Immobilization --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Reagent and Apparatus --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- Procedure --- p.37 / Chapter 3.3 --- METHODS OF ASSESSMENT --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Gross structure comparison --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.1.1 --- Gross mapping of the OA areas --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Histochemical scoring --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Procedure --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2.1.1 --- Hematoxylin & eosin stain --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.2.1.2 --- Safranin O stain --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Biochemical assessment --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Water content --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- Proteoglycan content --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.3.2.1 --- Reagent --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.3.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.3.2.3 --- Standard curve --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4 --- METHODS OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS --- p.53 / Chapter 3.5 --- RESULTS --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Gross morphology --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.1.1 --- General appearance --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.1.2 --- Gross osteoarthritic area --- p.56 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Histological results --- p.59 / Chapter 3.5.2.1 --- Histological appearance --- p.59 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Results of biochemical assay --- p.66 / Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Water content --- p.66 / Chapter 3.5.3.2 --- Proteoglycan --- p.69 / Chapter 3.6 --- DISCUSSION --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Relation between gross OA area & Mankin's score --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Relation between gross OA area & GAG content --- p.74 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Relation between Mankin's score & water content --- p.76 / Chapter 3.6.4 --- Relation between Mankin's score & GAG content --- p.78 / Chapter 3.6.5 --- Comparison of the four different parameters --- p.79 / Chapter 3.6.6 --- Merit on the four parameters --- p.84 / Chapter 3.6.6 --- Consistency & reproducible of the OA model --- p.85 / Chapter 3.6.7 --- Moderately severe OA model was needed in Part II --- p.86 / Chapter 3.7 --- CONCLUSION --- p.86 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR: --- HEALING OF CARTILAGE --- p.87 / Chapter 4.1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2 --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Establishing the osteoarthritis --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Treatment of the rabbits --- p.90 / Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Reagent and Apparatus --- p.90 / Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.91 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Methods of assessment --- p.92 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Methods of statistical analysis --- p.92 / Chapter 4.3 --- RESULTS --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Gross OA area --- p.94 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Mankin's score --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Water content --- p.99 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Proteoglycan . . --- p.101 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Results of Part I and Part II --- p.103 / Chapter 4.4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.107 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Morphological comparison --- p.107 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Biochemical comparison --- p.110 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Comparison of the results in two parts of experiment --- p.111 / Chapter 4.5 --- CONCLUSION --- p.113 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.114 / APPENDIX --- p.129