Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 179 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 147-179).

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-124).

M.Phil. / One of the most important causes of blindness worldwide is cataracts. A constant struggle exists among cataract ophthalmic surgeons to minimize surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) and thus to ensure a better uncorrected visual acuity (VA) for the patient after surgery. Different techniques have been tried to accomplish a 100% success rate of 6/6 vision after surgery, but one of the greatest hurdles in this struggle is high corneal astigmatism before surgery. One of the more successful techniques used to reduce corneal astigmatism after surgery is the opposite clear corneal incision (OCCI) technique. In this technique, the surgeon makes two equally long cuts through the clear part of the cornea opposite each other on the steepest meridian of the cornea. When the wounds heal, they form scar tissue, pulling the cornea flatter along this meridian and thus reducing the corneal astigmatism.

No description available.

Yes / Aim: To assess the ability of critical flicker frequency (CFF) and optimal reading speed (ORS) to predict the potential vision in patients with cataract with and without ocular comorbidity. Methods: The two novel tests were compared with two well established potential vision tests (PVTs), the potential acuity meter (PAM) and the laser interferometer (LI). Measurements were made preoperatively in 1 eye of 88 subjects using the battery of 4 PVTs. Postoperative measurements were made with the CFF and the ORS. The subjects studied were consecutive cases over a 12-month period who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and agreed to participate in this study. Results: CFF was the PVT most resistant to the presence of cataract. Both CFF and ORS give a similar predictive precision in the presence of cataract and ocular comorbidity, although CFF seems more precise when the cataract is dense. Conclusions: The PAM and the LI showed a limited clinical capability in predicting postoperative visual acuity, particularly with dense opacities. The CFF shows the most promise as a PVT, particularly with dense cataract. Further evaluation is required for both CFF and ORS. / Federation of Ophthalmic and Dispensing Opticians

Objectives: The objectives of study were to (i) examine the regional differences in methods of performing cataract surgery across different jurisdictions in Australia and New Zealand (ii) identify risk factors for post-operative endophthalmitis and (iii) explore the implication of changes in surgical practice on the number of cases of post-operative endophthalmitis and resultant net cost to health system. Methods: Cataract surgeons across Australia and New Zealand were surveyed about their demographics, surgical techniques, use of pre- and post-operative antibiotics and antiseptics and cases of post-operative endophthalmitis. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the regional variations in the use of methods of chemoprophylaxis and surgical practices. Multivariate Poisson regression was performed to identify factors associated with the incidence of post-operative endophthalmitis. A cost analysis was conducted to determine the impact of an increased use of chemoprophylatic treatment on the number of cases of post-operative endophthalmitis and net cost savings to the health system from its use. In addition, the results of the current survey of surgical practices of cataract surgeons was compared with those from an earlier survey conducted approximately 10 years ago. Result: The response to the survey of ophthalmologists was 82%, but after excluding ophthalmologists who did little or no cataract surgery, the study sample comprised 540 participants of the 896 who were initially sent the survey. Participating cataract surgeons reported 162,120 cataract surgeries and 92 cases of post-operative endophthalmitis, an incidence rate of 0.056%. Regional variations were found in the methods of chemoprophylaxis and surgical techniques. / Chloramphenicol was the most frequently used topical antibiotic in Australia, while neomycin was used by majority of cataract surgeons in New Zealand. The only notable change found over the past decade was a sharp fall in use of subconjunctival antibiotics from 75% to 45% in the current survey. A slight increase in use of post-operative topical antibiotics was noticed. Subconjunctival injection of antibiotics was the only form of chemoprophylaxis associated with a reduction in incidence of endophthalmitis. Results from this survey indicated that cataract surgeons routinely using corneal or limbal incisions had an incidence of endophthalmitis considerably higher than those surgeons routinely using scleral wounds, whilst surgeons routinely using temporally sited wounds had almost half the incidence of endophthalmitis compared to surgeons using superior wounds. The cost implications of subconjunctival gentamycin injection for chemoprophylaxis were examined. Additional costs of subconjunctival antibiotics were subtracted from the reduced cost of treating fewer cases endophthalmitis. There would potentially be a net saving to the Australian health system of $ 110,354 if all cataract surgeons used subconjunctival chemoprophylaxis. Conclusion: Regional variation in chemoprophylaxis and surgical techniques did not entirely explain differences in post-operative endophthalmitis incidence. Subconjunctival antibiotics would only need to reduce the incidence of endophthalmitis by 15% for it to be cost-effective.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-115). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1940. / Typescript. Includes abstract and vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.