Thesis (M.E.) -- University of Adelaide, Department of Electrical Engineering, 1977.

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Environment friendly products can be defined as products which show significant environmental improvements made at their most important life-cycle stages. For durable goods, life-cycle stages include manufacturing, use, and end-of-life of product. Reverse Supply Chain Management is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, cost effective flow of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods and related information from the point of consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing value and/or proper disposal. The efficient and proper use of 5R’s processes namely Remanufacturing, Refurbishment, Reuse, Repair; and Recycle help the product to be greener and environment friendly. Part of the process also includes the proper disposal of goods which is essential for maintaining a green environment. This study aims at finding the significant factors to be considered by Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Television component manufacturers to manufacture Environment Friendly Product. Various parameters like raw material procurement; water and energy consumption in product manufacturing; the extent of environmental regulations followed; waste production; and waste processing have been considered in this study. A Case Study has been prepared to study the entire manufacturing process of a CRT Television. The case study also looks at the regulations followed by CRT TV component manufacturers in India and how they are different from other countries. An attempt has been made to find out the value which can be recovered at the End-Of-Life of CRT TVs. The case also looks at safe recycling options for CRT TVs. The study shows that CRT TV component manufacturers consider Resource Procurement, Energy Utilization; and Compliance with Regulations to a significant extent. Also, an attempt has been made to develop an Environmental Friendly Index (EFI). The EFI depends on resource procurement, energy utilization, waste production, waste processing, and existence of environmental team in the company. There have been no steps taken by these component manufacturers towards dealing with return goods. All the return goods are dealt with by recyclers, who extract the material through unscientific and non-environmental friendly ways. The recyclers are not able to extract all the useful material, which if done in an efficient way, will result in more material recovery.

Submitted by Marcia Silva (marcia@latec.uff.br) on 2016-02-03T19:51:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Queila da Costa.pdf: 4793341 bytes, checksum: c506d3b0f1dbda0591f766090f48bde6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-03T19:51:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Queila da Costa.pdf: 4793341 bytes, checksum: c506d3b0f1dbda0591f766090f48bde6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-20 / Nossa sociedade, a cada dia, demonstra sinais de consumismo sem precedentes, basta que haja o lançamento de um equipamento eletrônico, rapidamente as pessoas se mostram interessadas ao ponto de substituir seu equipamento antigo, em pleno funcionamento, por um que acabou de ser lançado. O Brasil é o país que mais gera e-lixo entre os emergentes, com o problema de que a maior parte destes resíduos não tem destinação apropriada e o risco de contaminação para o meio ambiente e a saúde com metais pesados, tais como mercúrio e chumbo são inevitáveis. Os descartes inadequados de artefatos eletroeletrônicos causam impactos ambientais e podem afetar a saúde humana se não for adequadamente gerenciado. No entanto, não se observa uma política voltada para coleta e gestão desses produtos na cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes, principalmente, os tubos de raios catódicos (CRT´s) utilizados em televisores e monitores de computador antigos, que contêm várias substâncias perigosas, gerando um passivo ambiental (danos ambientais) ao meio onde são descartados, representando assim a responsabilidade social das empresas com os aspectos ambientais. Diante deste contexto, propõem-se como objetivo um modelo de gestão para o lixo eletrônico, com destaque para criação de postos voltados para esse fim no Município de Campos dos Goytacazes. Para buscar dados foram aplicados questionários que tiveram como público alvo um percentual da população adulta, moradores de bairros próximos aos pontos de descartes. A pesquisa, a coleta de dados foi realizada entre os meses de dezembro e fevereiro 2013, no terminal rodoviário urbano e entrevistou-se 58 pessoas de diversas faixas etárias e níveis de escolaridade, representando 34 bairros do município de Campos dos Goytacazes, visando levantar dados referentes ao problema da pesquisa. O segundo questionário foi aplicado em 9 lojas da mesma região da cidade, que comercializam monitores e televisores, com o intuito de verificar o interesse destes em incentivar a devolução desses equipamentos ao inicio da cadeia produtiva, tendo as lojas como referência, no caso os consumidores seriam incentivados a levar o equipamento a ser descartado à uma cooperativa subsidiada pelos lojistas pois de acordo com plano nacional de resíduos sólidos(PNRS), são um dos responsáveis na cadeia produtiva, a fim de que o equipamento tenha uma destinação correta. Por fim, foram consultados cinco especialistas para avaliar o modelo proposto e, segundo eles, o modelo funciona para a coleta de televisores e monitores de computador que usam tubo de raios catódicos. Considera-se que as questões de pesquisa foram respondidas, pois se houver união entre os stakeholders para resolver o problema do descarte inadequado no município, com certeza todos ganharão, diminuindo o impacto ambiental com o incentivo de devolução do equipamento velho na compra do novo, isto alimentaria a cooperativa sempre mantendo o setor funcionando com pessoas que não tinham oportunidades, trazendo dignidade e obtendo ganhos com a venda dos resíduos e se mantendo no negócio a fim de fazer parte da estatística de mostrar que a logística reversa funciona se bem administrada, trazendo ganhos para todos: Economia, sociedade e meio ambiente. / Our society, every day, demonstrates unprecedented consumerism signals, just as there is the launch of an electronic device, quickly people are showing an interest so far as to replace your old equipment in full operation, with one that has just been released. Brazil is the country that generates more e-waste among emerging with the problem that most of these residues is not appropriate disposal and the risk of contamination to the environment and health with heavy metals such as mercury and lead They are inevitable. Inadequate disposal of electronic devices cause environmental impacts and can affect human health if not properly managed. However, it is not observed a policy aimed at collecting and managing such products in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, mainly cathode ray tubes (CRT's) used in old computer monitors and televisions, which contain various hazardous substances, generating environmental liabilities (environmental damage) in half where they are discarded, thus representing the social responsibility of companies with environmental aspects. Given this context, it is proposed aimed at a management model for electronic waste, especially creating jobs geared to this end in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes. To fetch data were questionnaires that had as target a percentage of the adult population, residents of neighborhoods near the point of disposal. The research, data collection was carried out between the months of December and February 2013, the urban bus and was interviewed 58 people of different ages and educational levels, representing 34 districts of Campos municipality of Goytacazes, aiming to collect data referring to the problem of search. The second questionnaire was applied in 9 stores in the same area of the city that sell monitors and televisions, in order to verify the interest of these to encourage the return of such equipment to the beginning of the production chain, with stores like reference in case consumers would be encouraged to take the equipment to be disposed of to a cooperative subsidized by tenants as according to national plan for solid waste (PNRS), they are one of those responsible in the production chain, so that the equipment has proper destination. Finally, five experts were consulted to evaluate the proposed model and according to them, the model works for the collection of televisions and computer monitors that use cathode ray tube. It is considered that the research questions were answered, as if there is unity among stakeholders to address the improper disposal of problem in the city, surely everyone wins, reducing the environmental impact with the old equipment back incentive on the purchase of new, this would feed the cooperative keeping the industry working with people who had no opportunities, bringing dignity and getting gains from the sale of waste and keeping the business in order to be part of the statistics show that the reverse logistics work if well managed, bringing gains for all: Economy, society and environment.