Orientador: Marcos Valerio Ribeiro / Resumo: The development of new materials is extremely important, due to the need to obtain materials with good properties and low cost. There is a continuing need to improve tools for machining materials that have high strength at elevated temperatures that meet the vermicular cast iron. Small advances in the development of new tools could mean important aspects in the field of machining, in addition to making the market more competitive. The set of production and application of ceramic cutting tools in the machining processes of vermicular cast iron (GJV450) needs further advances, being an object of great industrial interest. In this context, the present work determined the best application condition of the ceramic tools based on Alumina (Al2O3), doped with magnesium oxide (MgO) on a laboratory scale, in the machining without cutting fluid of the vermicular iron class GJV450 in comparison with a commercial carbide tool coated with alumina, based on the need for machining vermicular cast iron in industries and foundries. For turning vermicular cast iron with a ceramic tool, the parameters used were cutting speeds of 300-350-400-450-500-550-600-650 m / min; feed of 0.1-0.3 mm / rev and machining depth of 0.5 -1.0 mm and for the carbide tool, cutting speeds of 150-250-350-450 m / min; feed rate of 0.1-0.3 mm / rev and machining depth of 0.5 -1.0 mm. The previously defined input variables (Vc, f, ap), were correlated with the output variables such as roughness (Ra and Rt), power, acous... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / The nickel-based superalloys have a high mechanical strength which remains at elevated temperature, high creep and fatigue resistances and excellent oxidation resistance. This makes these alloys highly recommended for use in high temperature working environments such as mechanical components for the aerospace industry. However, these characteristics are major problems when machining them, as it promotes high heat generation in the flow zone, resulting in the development of high wear rates on the cutting tools. In order to reduce the problems caused by the high temperatures generated, the application of a cutting fluid, when possible, is essential to reduce friction at the chip-tool-workpiece interfaces and lower the temperatures in the cutting zone. Seeking to further increase in the efficiency of cutting fluids during machining of nickel alloys, this work presents a study of the influence of solid lubricants, graphite and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) mixed to a vegetal based cutting fluid, applied by conventional method (flooding) and minimal quantity of fluid - MQF in turning of Inconel 718 with carbide and ceramic (mixed, whisker and SiAlON) tools. When turning with cemented carbide tools the addition of graphite to the cutting fluid provided the best results, while with ceramic tools MoS2 presented the best performance. The life of the carbide tool had an average increase above 200% in conventional flooding application of cutting fluid when compared to MQF, regardless the addition of solid lubricant. The addition of solid lubricants promoted an increase in the life of whisker and SiAlON tools. The flank wear was dominant for cemented carbide tools and SiAlON ceramics, while for whisker and mixed ceramics the notch wear was predominant. Attrition and diffusion wear mechanism were observed in all evaluated conditions. The addition of solid lubricant to the cutting fluid provided significant improvements in the surface roughness values for most of the evaluated conditions. However, there were no significant changes in the machining forces and cutting temperature. The residual stress was tensile and compression, depending on the fluid application method. Overall, the addition of solid lubricant showed no significant differences. / As superligas à base de níquel apresentam alta resistência mecânica que se mantém em elevadas temperaturas, altas resistência à fluência e à fadiga e excelente resistência a oxidação. Isso torna estas ligas altamente recomendadas para utilização em ambientes que trabalham a altas temperaturas, como por exemplo na fabricação de componentes mecânicos para a indústria aeroespacial. Entretanto, esta característica representa um grande problema quando elas são usinadas, pois promove elevada geração de calor na zona de fluxo, implicando no desenvolvimento de altas taxas de desgaste da ferramenta de corte. A fim de reduzir os problemas causados pelas altas temperaturas geradas, a aplicação de um fluido de corte, quando possível, é essencial, proporcionando redução do atrito na interface cavaco-ferramenta-peça e menores temperaturas na zona de corte. Na busca de aumentar ainda mais a eficiência dos fluidos de corte na complexa usinagem das ligas de níquel, este trabalho apresenta um estudo da influência dos lubrificantes sólidos grafite e bissulfeto de molibdênio (MoS2) misturado a um fluido de corte de base vegetal, aplicados pelo método convencional (jorro) e mínima quantidade de fluído MQF, no torneamento do Inconel 718, com ferramentas de metal duro e cerâmicas (mista, whisker e SiAlON). No torneamento com ferramentas de metal duro a adição de grafite ao fluido de corte proporcionou os melhores resultados, enquanto que no torneamento com ferramentas cerâmicas, foi o MoS2 que apresentou melhor desempenho. A vida da ferramenta de metal duro teve um incremento acima de 200% na usinagem convencional (jorro) quando comparado com a usinagem por MQF, sem considerar a adição do lubrificante sólido. A adição de lubrificantes sólidos promoveu um incremento na vida das ferramentas whisker e SiAlON. O desgaste de flanco foi predominante para as ferramentas de metal duro e cerâmica SiAlON, enquanto que nas cerâmicas whisker e mista o desgaste de entalhe foi predominante. Os mecanismo de desgaste de attrition e difusão foram observados em todas as condições avaliadas. A adição de lubrificante sólido ao fluido de corte proporcionou melhorias significativas nos valores da rugosidade para a maioria das condições avaliadas. No entanto, não se observou mudanças significativas nas forças e temperatura de usinagem. As tensões residuais foram de tração e compressão, dependendo do método de aplicação do fluido. No geral, a adição do lubrificante sólido não apresentou diferenças significativas. / Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica