Path tracing is a basic, statistically unbiased method for calculating the global illumination in 3D scenes. For practical purposes, the algorithm is too slow, so it is used mainly for theoretical purposes or as a base for more advanced algorithms. This thesis explores the possibility of improving this algorithm by augmenting the sampling part, which computes outgoing directions during ray traversal through the scene. This optimization is accomplished by creating a special data structure in a preprocess step, which describes approximate light distribution in the scene and which then aids the sampling process. The presented algorithm is implemented in the PBRT library.

The master thesis deals with an intensive home care - home care of intensive nursing and maps the situation concerning the home mechanical ventilation. The theoretical part draws from the researchers' reviews. It clarifies the basic concepts, intensive home care and trends in providing the home mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, this part of the thesis explains the term mechanical ventilation. To facilitate long-term ventilation of a chronic patients it is necessary to ensure an adequate airway. Therefore, it is included a chapter dealing with a tracheostomy and its treatment.The first part of the survey summarizes a statistical overview of the home mechanical ventilation used in the Czech Republic till 31th March 2013. Next section includes a qualitative form research, which is observing the whole indicating and transferring process of a patient from a hospital to the home environment where the home mechanical ventilation is assured. I have concluded that men are more ill and women, mothers or wives are taking part in the healing process according to the investigation results. We have 81 ventilated patients in home care in total. Mechanical ventilation is mostly indicated for children with spinal muscular atrophy disease. Men compared to women are more often affected by traumatic conditions,...

Title: Occurrence and Prevention of Asthma in Youth Division Cross-country Skiers Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to determine the incidence of asthma in youth division cross-country skiers and its prevention. Methods: This thesis will comprise the method of survey and content analysis of documents. Hypotheses: No.1 Assume that asthma will have lower prevalence in youth division cross- country skiers than in adult cross-country skiers. No.2 Assume that the majority of the surveyed cross-country skiing coaches met with asthmatic symptoms in their athletes. Results: We found that 12% of youth division athletes suffer from asthma and 24% from allergies. Keywords: cross country skiing, respiratory diseases, bronchial asthma, exercise-induced asthma, allergy prevention.

The purpose of this study was to propose and evaluate a procedure for revising an existing self-administered survey that is in need of item revision and/or scale reduction while maximizing validity and reliability. The procedure was demonstrated using the Client Evaluation of Self and Treatment (CEST; Joe, Broome, Rowan-Szal, & Simpson, 2002), a self-administered survey used in drug and alcohol treatment agencies. The procedure included confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses of a large dataset of completed CEST surveys, a readability analysis, and cognitive interviewing of two different groups of respondents to determine what problems they might have with CEST items. The cognitive interviewing revealed a number of issues that led to confusion among respondents, including items with two distinct concepts embedded, items containing absolutes and vague qualifiers, misinterpreted items, and terms and phrases respondents had difficulty understanding. The CEST was also judged to be long and potentially burdensome to respondents. Based on the results of this evaluation, a new survey—the Brief Assessment of Self in Context (BASIC)—also intended for use by substance abuse treatment providers, was constructed. First, factor analyses of the CEST and advice from an expert panel were used to determine which scales to retain. Next, quantitative analyses and cognitive interviewing helped determine which CEST items to retain and which to revise. Readability, sound item writing principles, and response format and scale requirements were also used to determine which items to include in the initial draft of the BASIC and guided item construction when needed. After the panel of experts provided feedback on the first revision, a final draft was prepared. Another round of cognitive interviewing was followed by administration of the final draft of the survey to a representative sample. The results indicated that the BASIC’s items are clear, unambiguous, and easy to interact with and understand, and that the instrument is an improvement over the CEST. In brief, the procedure demonstrated in this study produced a psychometrically sound instrument composed of items that are easy for respondents to access. / text

Thesis deals with the efficiency of inland waterways in the Czech Republic and its measure which would lead to its greater use. For this precaution is considered a project the Weir in Děčín and without this, the project can not proceed in the construction of other projects in the Czech inland waterways. The first part is devoted to the description of inland waterways as part of the trans-European networks. Furthermore there are institutions in charge of the developement and operation of waterways. Legislation defining the rules to ensure continuity of water transport is also important in the developement and operation. The second part deals with positive relationship between freight water transport and economy of the Czech Republic. I describe in the last chapter of the thesis project the Weir in Děčín and the subsequent project of navigability of the Elbe River to Pardubice and construction of the Danube-Oder-Elbe.

Scheduling allocates scarce resources to activities such that certain constraints are satisfied and specific objectives are optimized. The activities to be executed are com- monly known or determined a priori in the planning stage. To improve the flexibility of scheduling systems, the concept of optional activities was invented. Optional activities are those activities whose presence in the resulting schedule is to be decided. Rather than determining which activities need to be executed and scheduling them in two consecu- tive phases, flexibility and efficiency can be improved significantly when both activity selection and time allocation are integrated within the same solver. Such an approach was implemented in a few Constraint Programming solvers and manifested great perfor- mance on multiple scheduling problems. In this thesis, we apply the concept of optional activities to scheduling problems that do not seem to involve optional activities, such as the production scheduling problem with sequence-dependent non-overlapping setups, but also on problems beyond the scheduling domain, such as the multi-agent path finding problem and its extension with weighted and capacitated arcs. 1

The problem of route planning in air transport (in public transport in general ) is similar to the shortest path problem. The main differences are the time dependency of the input graph and the multicriterial aspect of the path costs . The aim of this thesis was to create a complex system that would be able to load elementary flights from database and then respond to user requests with combined journeys made from single flights . It was achieved using two state of the art algorithms , CSA and RAPTOR , which were adapted for the flight graph. The experiments which were run on real world data showed massive speedup of the algorithms when using the proposed optimisations . The whole system was also tested against an existing proprietary solution .

Cílem této diplomové práce je vytvořit 3D model horních dýchacích cest podle originálního modelu segmentovaného z CT dat, aplikovat různé podmínky na průtok vzduchu v modelu, a poté hodnotit změnu charakteristik rychlosti a tlaku. Model horních dýchacích cest byl vytvořen v prostředí softwaru ANSYS, který využívá výpočetní dynamiku tekutin, a byly použity Navier-Stokesovy rovnice pro modelování průtoku vzduchu v modelu. Nejprve byl vytvořen jednoduchý 2D model za účelem seznámení se s prostředím ANSYS. Dále byl zkonstruován 3D model horních dýchacích cest a byly modelovány charakteristiky rychlosti a tlaku za různých podmínek. Tyto podmínky zahrnují různé umístění a množství míst pro odběr vzorků v modelu a výběr různých kombinací vstupů. Nakonec byly prezentovány a hodnoceny výsledky spolu s ilustracemi modelů modelovaných za různých podmínek. 3D model lze považovat ze kompromis mezi výpočetní náročností a složitostí modelu a lze jej použít jako základ pro další výzkum.

This thesis deals with a part of complex land consolidation process in the cadastral area of Biskupice u Jevíčka. This phase is called Analysis of the current situation. It contains thorough field road network research including photo documentation, evaluation of hydrologic and erosion characteristics. Following software were used for the aim: ArcGIS, QGIS, DesQ-MaxQ, Atlas DMT, Proland.

Metody plánování pohybu jsou významnou součástí robotiky, resp. mobilních robotických platforem. Technicky je realizace plánování pohybu z globální úrovně převedena do posloupnosti akcí na úrovni specifické robotické platformy a definovaného prostředí, včetně omezení. V rámci této práce byla provedena recenze mnoha metod určených pro plánování cest, přičemž hlavním těžištěm byly metody založené na tzv. rychle rostoucích stromech (RRT), prostorovém rozkladu (CD) a využití fuzzy expertních systémů (FES). Dosažené výsledky, resp. prezentované algoritmy, využívají dostupné informace z pracovního prostoru mobilního robotu a jsou aplikovatelné na řešení globální pohybové trajektorie mobilních robotů, resp. k řešení specifických problémů plánování cest s omezením typu úzké koridory či překážky s proměnnou polohou v čase. V práci jsou představeny nové plánovací postupy využívající výhod algoritmů RRT a CD. Navržené metody jsou navíc efektivně rozšířeny s využitím fuzzy expertního systému, který zlepšuje jejich chování. Práce rovněž prezentuje řešení pro plánovací problémy typu identifikace úzkých koridorů, či významných oblastí prostoru řešení s využitím přístupů na bázi dekompozice prostoru. V řešeních jsou částečně zahrnuty sub-optimalizace nalezených cest založené na zkracování nalezené cesty a vyhlazování cesty, resp. nahrazení trajektorie hladkou křivkou, respektující lépe předpokládanou dynamiku mobilního zařízení. Všechny prezentované metody byly implementovány v prostředí Matlab, které sloužilo k simulačnímu ověření efektivnosti vlastních i převzatých metod a k návrhu prostoru řešení včetně omezení (překážky). Získané výsledky byly vyhodnoceny s využitím statistických přístupů v prostředí Minitab a Matlab.