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Automatic number plate recognition on FPGAZhai, Xiaojun January 2013 (has links)
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) play an important role in modern traffic management, which can be divided into intelligent infrastructure systems and intelligent vehicle systems. Automatic Number Plate Recognition systems (ANPRs) are one of infrastructure systems that allow users to track, identify and monitor moving vehicles by automatically extracting their number plates. ANPR is a well proven technology that is widely used throughout the world by both public and commercial organisations. There are a wide variety of commercial uses for the technology that include automatic congestion charge systems, access control and tracing of stolen cars. The fundamental requirements of an ANPR system are image capture using an ANPR camera and processing of the captured image. The image processing part, which is a computationally intensive task, includes three stages: Number Plate Localisation (NPL), Character Segmentation (CS) and Optical Character Recognition (OCR). The common hardware choice for its implementation is often high performance workstations. However, the cost, compactness and power issues that come with these solutions motivate the search for other platforms. Recent improvements in low-power high-performance Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) for image processing have motivated researchers to consider them as a low cost solution for accelerating such computationally intensive tasks. Current ANPR systems generally use a separate camera and a stand-alone computer for processing. By optimising the ANPR algorithms to take specific advantages of technical features and innovations available within new FPGAs, such as low power consumption, development time, and vast on-chip resources, it will be possible to replace the high performance roadside computers with small in-camera dedicated platforms. In spite of this, costs associated with the computational resources required for complex algorithms together with limited memory have hindered the development of embedded vision platforms. The work described in this thesis is concerned with the development of a range of image processing algorithms for NPL, CS and OCR and corresponding FPGA architectures. MATLAB implementations have been used as a proof of concept for the proposed algorithms prior to the hardware implementation. The proposed architectures are speed/area efficient architectures, which have been implemented and verified using the Mentor Graphics RC240 FPGA development board equipped with a 4M Gates Xilinx Virtex-4 LX40. The proposed NPL architecture can localise a number plate in 4.7 ms whilst achieving a 97.8% localisation rate and consuming only 33% of the available area of the Virtex-4 FPGA. The proposed CS architecture can segment the characters within a NP image in 0.2-1.4 ms with 97.7% successful segmentation rate and consumes only 11% of the Virtex-4 FPGA on-chip resources. The proposed OCR architecture can recognise a character in 0.7 ms with 97.3% successful recognition rate and consumes only 23% of the Virtex-4 FPGA available area. In addition to the three main stages, two pre-processing stages which consist of image binarisation, rotation and resizing are also proposed to link these stages together. These stages consume 9% of the available FPGA on-chip resources. The overall results achieved show that the entire ANPR system can be implemented on a single FPGA that can be placed within an ANPR camera housing to create a stand-alone unit. As the benefits of this are drastically improve energy efficiency and removing the need for the installation and cabling costs associated with bulky PCs situated in expensive, cooled, waterproof roadside cabinets.
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An Algorithm For Multiscale License Plate Detection And Rule-based Character SegmentationKarali, Ali Onur 01 October 2011 (has links) (PDF)
License plate recognition (LPR) technology has great importance for the development of Intelligent
Transportation Systems by automatically identifying the vehicles using image processing
and pattern recognition techniques. Conventional LPR systems consist of license plate
detection (LPD), character segmentation (CS) and character recognition (CR) steps. Successful
detection of license plate and character locations have vital role for proper LPR. Most LPD
and CS techniques in the literature assume fixed distance and orientation from the vehicle to
the imaging system. Hence, application areas of LPR systems using these techniques are
limited to stationary platforms. However, installation of LPR systems on mobile platforms is
required in many applications and algorithms that are invariant to distance, orientation, and
illumination should be developed for this purpose. In this thesis work, a LPD algorithm that
is based on multi-scale vertical edge density feature, and a character segmentation algorithm
based on local thresholding and connected component analysis operations are proposed. Performance
of the proposed algorithm is measured using ground truth positions of the license
plate and characters. Algorithm parameters are optimized using recall and precision curves.
Proposed techniques for each step give satisfying results for different license plate datasets
and algorithm complexity is proper for real-time implementation if optimized.
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Rozpoznávání CAPTCHA / CAPTCHA RecognitionKlika, Jan January 2014 (has links)
This thesis describes the design and implementation of an application for breaking the CAPTCHA. It also describes the history and evolution of CAPTCHA and the ways of its generating and possible techniques of its breaking. This thesis focuses on the new types of CAPTCHA, based on hard character segmentation. So the main target of this thesis is the design and implementation of the new segmentation method, allowing the recognition of modern CAPTCHAs, especially reCAPTCHA.
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Mobile Real-Time License Plate RecognitionLiaqat, Ahmad Gull January 2011 (has links)
License plate recognition (LPR) system plays an important role in numerous applications, such as parking accounting systems, traffic law enforcement, road monitoring, expressway toll system, electronic-police system, and security systems. In recent years, there has been a lot of research in license plate recognition, and many recognition systems have been proposed and used. But these systems have been developed for computers. In this project, we developed a mobile LPR system for Android Operating System (OS). LPR involves three main components: license plate detection, character segmentation and Optical Character Recognition (OCR). For License Plate Detection and character segmentation, we used JavaCV and OpenCV libraries. And for OCR, we used tesseract-ocr. We obtained very good results by using these libraries. We also stored records of license numbers in database and for that purpose SQLite has been used.
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