Thesis--Polyteknisk læreanstalt, Copenhagen. / Summaries in English and Danish. Bibliography: p. [185]-201.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1980. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 651-690).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 202-213).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2006. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Alfred B. Cunningham. Includes bibliographical references.

A study has been made using computer simulation of a fractionating column with simultaneous distillation and chemical reaction occurring. The assumptions of 100% efficient trays and ideality of vapor-liquid equilibrium and thermal properties were made. Results show that the extent to which a reversible reaction can be driven, or an irreversible side reaction inhibited, is a strong function of the ease with which the reaction products may be removed using the separating capacity of the fractionating column. The quantity of liquid holdup per plate is also a factor of considerable importance in the performance of a fractionating column with chemical reaction, but its effect is not simple, interacting as it does with the reflux ratio. The effect of system pressure is complex. Increasing pressure raises temperatures, and therefore reaction rates but decreases separation factors. The influence of this with respect to the main reaction and any undesirable side reactions is so specific to the chemical reaction being studied that no overall generalization can usefully be made. Considering only the point of view of the amount of reaction achieved, a fractionating column can show considerable improvement over a continuous stirred tank reactor. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of / Graduate

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The performance of a WO3/SiO2 catalyst has been investigated for the metathesis of 1-hexene in an isothermal, gas-phase fixed bed tubular reactor between 420-500°C and at latm. The reactor was fabricated from stainless steel and was placed in an electric tube furnace. The study focused on the effect of operating conditions (reaction temperature, feed gas composition and space time) on the yield of heavy olefins (C7 - C16) and the primary product, decene, using a full factorial experimental design. The objective was to determine the optimum operating conditions for the production of decene. Compositions of condensed liquid and vapour product streams were determined via gas-liquid chromatography. Oxidative and reductive pre-treatments of the catalysts were compared to a conventional pre-treatment under nitrogen in terms of their effect on conversion and product distribution. Experimental tests for the existence of external and internal mass transfer resistances were also conducted. An improved yield of decene was obtained after oxidative pre-treatment of the catalyst. The conversion of l-hexene, selectivity and yield of decene dropped after pre-treatment under hydrogen and nitrogen only. This may be due to over-reduction of the tungsten centres and the formation of an inactive non-stoichiometric surface phase. The best yield of decene obtained from the experimental design was 2.19% at 420°C, 51% feed composition and 661g.min.mo1-1. The yield of decene decreased by 0.11% when the reaction temperature was raised by 40°C, and by 0.17% when the feed gas composition was raised by 17.5% and increased by 0.21% when the space time was increased by 223g.min.mol-1. The large amount of ethylene and propylene produced as well as the formation of polynuclear aromatics suggest significant cracking of 1-hexene. For the size range and flow-rates that were employed, the reaction does not suffer from intraparticle and external mass transfer resistance effects. It was concluded that a combination of lower temperature, lower feed gas composition and higher space time should be used to maximize the yield of decene. A final experiment was conducted to test this conclusion. At 380°C, 55% feed composition and 2875g.min.mol-1, the yield of decene was 12.80%, which represented a significant improvement. / Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2008.

The catalytic partial oxidation of methane to produce synthesis gas using a platinum/nickel dual bed reactor has been shown to have high conversions and selectivity of synthesis gas products, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In this work the relative length of the platinum and nickel in the dual bed reactor is investigated experimentally and a model describing the nickel portion of the dual bed catalyst is developed. The model uses simplified flow conditions, experimentally determined temperature profiles and an elementary reaction mechanism to describe the nickel bed of the reactor. The rate parameters of the elementary reaction in the mechanism are determined using theoretical methods. Unity Bond Index - Quadratic Exponential Potential (UBI-QEP) is used to determine the activation energy and thermodynamic consistency is forced to produce a set of preexponential factors.