Abstract of Thesis The title of this thesis is A comparative study of the one ¡V china policy during the eras of Chiang Khai-Shek and Chiang Ching-Kuo. According to the relationship of the China Government and Taiwan, the cooperation on economic issue but the conflict in political ones, and the most controversial issue now is ¡§ One-China ¡¨ policy. Both sides of Taiwan Strait, the Authorities have the different explanations of it because the different of the histories and backgrounds between Taiwan and China since Ming and Ching dynasties. On this thesis, it discuss the policies of Chiang Khai-Shek and Chiang Ching-Kuo ¡¥s eras to handle this problem especially the international relationship of Taiwan and China during that times. After World War ¢º, America becomes a big country to be a turn point of the relationship between Taiwan and China, that ¡¥s what this thesis is written and discussion. According to the different background and histories, it do a comparative study of the policies between Chiang Khai-Shek and Chiang Ching-Kuo in final chapter.