by Chui Shu-fai, Fred. / Includes questionaire in Chinese. / Thesis (M.S.W.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [45-68] (3rd gp.)). / Chapter ONE --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter TWO --- THE IMPACT OF PARENTAL MENTAL ILLNESS ON CHILDREN --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Impact of parental mental illness on children --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Studies about the impact of parental affective disorder on children --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3 --- Children of schizophrenic patients --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Effect of psychiatric symptoms and behavioral change --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Impairment of interaction --- p.15 / Chapter 2.4 --- Parents with depression versus parents with schizophrenia: their differential impacts on children --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Parenting --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Children at risk --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Problems faced by the children --- p.20 / Chapter 2.5 --- Discussion on the above findings --- p.22 / Chapter 2.6 --- Resilience in Children / Adolescents --- p.25 / Chapter 2.7 --- Limitations of some empirical studies about children of mentally ill --- p.27 / Chapter THREE --- "STRESS, COPING RESOURCES AND MENTAL HEALTH" --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1 --- Concept of Stress --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2 --- "Life events, daily hassles and life strains" --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3 --- Objective burdens and subjective burdens arising from the mentally ill in the family --- p.37 / Chapter 3.4 --- "Stressors as management problems, psychological problems and social / economic costs faced by the children" --- p.39 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Management problems --- p.39 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Psychological problems --- p.41 / Chapter (a) --- Self-blame and Guilt / Chapter (b) --- Anger / Chapter (c) --- Feeling of Embarrassment and shame / Chapter (d) --- Anxieties caused by parent's hospitalization / Chapter (e) --- Sense of inferiority caused by the prejudice and rejection of community / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Social / economic costs --- p.47 / Chapter (a) --- Disruption of family functioning / Chapter (b) --- Conflict in the family / Chapter (c) --- Financial difficulties / Chapter (d) --- Reduction in social life / Chapter 3.5 --- Perceived Stress --- p.50 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Measurement of perceived stress --- p.52 / Chapter 3.6 --- Stress and Coping in Children/Adolescents --- p.53 / Chapter 3.7 --- Coping Resources --- p.56 / Chapter 3.7.1 --- Health and energy --- p.58 / Chapter 3.7.2 --- Positive beliefs --- p.58 / Chapter 3.7.3 --- Social skills --- p.61 / Chapter 3.8 --- Coping resources being examined in this study --- p.62 / Chapter 3.8.1 --- Self-efficacy --- p.63 / Chapter (a) --- Self-efficacy as a coping resource / Chapter (b) --- Social self-efficacy / Chapter (c) --- Measurement of self-efficacy / Chapter 3.8.2 --- Self-esteem --- p.71 / Chapter (a) --- Measurement of Self-esteem / Chapter 3.8.3 --- knowledge / Information --- p.73 / Chapter (a) --- Knowledge about schizophrenia / Chapter (b) --- Measurement about mental health knowledge / Chapter 3.8.4 --- Attitude toward the ex-mental patient --- p.76 / Chapter (a) --- Mental health knowledge and attitude toward mental patient / Chapter (b) --- Adolescent's attitude toward the mentally-ill / Chapter (c) --- Measurement of attitude toward mental illness and mental patients / Chapter 3.9 --- Mental Health --- p.81 / Chapter 3.9.1 --- Concept of “Mental´ح --- p.81 / Chapter 3.9.2 --- Concept of “Health´ح --- p.81 / Chapter 3.9.3 --- Mental health as a concept --- p.82 / Chapter 3.9.4 --- Measurement of mental health --- p.84 / Chapter FOUR --- LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG VARIABLES UNDER STUDY --- p.85 / Chapter 4.1 --- Stress and mental health --- p.85 / Chapter 4.2 --- Coping resources and perceived stress --- p.87 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Self-efficacy and perceived stress --- p.87 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Self-esteem and perceived stress --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Knowledge and perceived stress --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Attitude and perceived stress --- p.89 / Chapter 4.3 --- Coping resources and mental health --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Self-efficacy and mental health --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Self-esteem and mental health --- p.92 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Knowledge and mental health --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Attitude and mental health --- p.94 / Chapter 4.4 --- Conceptual framework --- p.94 / Chapter 4.5 --- Research questions and hypotheses --- p.99 / Chapter 4.6 --- Definition of concepts --- p.103 / Chapter 4.6.1 --- Definition of stressors --- p.103 / Chapter 4.6.2 --- Definition of perceived stress --- p.103 / Chapter 4.6.3 --- Definition of social self-efficacy --- p.103 / Chapter 4.6.4 --- Definition of self-esteem --- p.104 / Chapter 4.6.5 --- Definition of knowledge about schizophrenia --- p.104 / Chapter 4.6.6 --- Definition of behavioral intentions / attitude --- p.104 / Chapter 4.6.7 --- Definition of mental health --- p.105 / Chapter FIVE --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.106 / Chapter 5.1 --- Sample Design --- p.106 / Chapter 5.2 --- Instruments for Measurement --- p.107 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Scale measuring the stressors (ST-ALL) and Perceived Stress (PS-ALL) --- p.107 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES) --- p.108 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Adolescent Social Self-efficacy Scale (SEFF) --- p.108 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Knowledge about Schizophrenia Scale (SKS) --- p.109 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Behavioral Intention toward Ex-mental Patients Scale (BIEMPS) --- p.109 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30) --- p.110 / Chapter 5.2.7 --- Chinese Version of Hopelessness Scale (C-Hope) --- p.111 / Chapter 5.2.8 --- Demographic /personal data --- p.111 / Chapter SIX --- RESULTS --- p.112 / Chapter 6.1 --- Psychometric properties of the measuring instruments --- p.112 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Measurement of stress / Chapter (a) --- Stressor Scale (ST-ALL) / Chapter (b) --- Perceived Stress Scale (PS-ALL) / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Measurement of coping resources --- p.113 / Chapter (a) --- Adolescent Social Self-efficacy Scale (SEFF) / Chapter (b) --- Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES) / Chapter (c) --- Knowledge about Schizophrenia Scale (SKS) / Chapter (d) --- Behavioral intention towards Ex-mental Patients Scale (BIEMPS) / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Measurement of mental health --- p.115 / Chapter (a) --- General health questionnaire - 30 (GHQ-30) / Chapter (b) --- Chinese-Hopelessness Scale (C-Hope) / Chapter 6.2 --- Demographic characteristics of the respondents --- p.133 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Sex and Age of Respondents --- p.133 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Relationship of Respondents to Their Schizophrenic Parents --- p.133 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Education Level of Respondents --- p.133 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- No. of Siblings of the Respondents and Their Rank among siblings --- p.134 / Chapter 6.2.5 --- Religion of respondents --- p.134 / Chapter 6.2.6 --- Out-patient or in-patient status of respondents' schizophrenic parents and number of years of treatment --- p.134 / Chapter 6.2.7 --- Education Level of the Parents --- p.135 / Chapter 6.2.8 --- "Occupation of the respondents' parents, the family's income and its source" --- p.135 / Chapter 6.2.9 --- Type of accommodation and family size within the same household --- p.136 / Chapter 6.2.10 --- Marital status of respondents' parents --- p.136 / Chapter 6.2.11 --- Principal caregivers of the respondents' schizophrenic parents --- p.136 / Chapter 6.3 --- Respondents' perception of the existing services and expressed needs --- p.140 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Number of respondents who had visited social workers in the past 6 months and their satisfaction with the service of social workers --- p.140 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- The social services which were considered by the respondents as important for their schizophrenic parents --- p.140 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- The social services which were needed by respondents --- p.141 / Chapter 6.4 --- "Findings of stress, coping and mental health of respondents" --- p.144 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- Stress --- p.144 / Chapter (a) --- Stressors faced by respondents / Chapter (b) --- Perceived stress experienced by respondents / Chapter 6.4.2 --- Coping resources --- p.148 / Chapter (a) --- Distribution of responses to the items in the Social Self-efficacy Scale / Chapter (b) --- Distribution of responses to the items in the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale / Chapter (c) --- Distribution of responses to the items in the Knowledge about Schizophrenia Scale / Chapter (d) --- Distribution of responses to the items in the Behavioral Intention toward Ex-mental Patient Scale / Chapter 6.4.3 --- Mental health --- p.152 / Chapter (a) --- Distribution of responses to the items in the General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30) / Chapter (b) --- Distribution of responses to the items in the Chinese version of Hopelessness Scale (C-Hope) / Chapter 6.5 --- "Interrelationships amongst stress, coping and mental health of the respondents" --- p.166 / Chapter 6.5.1 --- Relationship between perceived stress and psychological well being --- p.166 / Chapter (a) --- Relationship between perceived stress and GHQ-30 / Chapter (b) --- Relationship between perceived stress and hopelessness / Chapter 6.5.2 --- Relationships between perceived stress and coping resources --- p.167 / Chapter (a) --- Relationship between perceived stress and social self-efficacy / Chapter (b) --- Relationship between perceived stress and self-esteem / Chapter (c) --- Relationship between perceived stress and knowledge about schizophrenia / Chapter (d) --- Relationship between perceived stress and behavioral intentions towards ex-mental patients / Chapter (e) --- Differential effects of coping resources on perceived stress / Chapter 6.5.3 --- Relationships amongst the various measures of coping resources and psychological well-being --- p.169 / Chapter (a) --- Relationship between social self-efficacy and psychological well-being / Chapter (b) --- Relationship between self-esteem and mental health / Chapter (c) --- Relationship between knowledge about schizophrenia and psychological well-being / Chapter (d) --- Relationship between attitude toward ex-mental patient and psychological well-being (C-Hope) / Chapter (e) --- Differential effects of coping resources on psychological well-being / Chapter SEVEN --- DISCUSSION --- p.175 / Chapter 7.1 --- Psychometric properties of the tools --- p.175 / Chapter 7.1.1 --- Measurement of stress --- p.175 / Chapter (a) --- Stressor Scale (ST-ALL) / Chapter (b) --- Perceived Stress Scale (PS-ALL) / Chapter 7.1.2 --- Measurement of coping resources --- p.178 / Chapter (a) --- Social Self-efficacy Scale (SEFF) / Chapter (b) --- Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES) / Chapter (c) --- The Knowledge about Schizophrenia Scale (SKS) / Chapter (d) --- Behavioural Intentions Toward Ex-mental Patients (C-BIEMP) / Chapter 7.1.3 --- Measurement of psychological well-being --- p.181 / Chapter (a) --- GHQ / Chapter (b) --- Chinese version of Hopelessness Scale / Chapter 7.2 --- Characteristics of respondents --- p.183 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- "Sex, age and education" --- p.183 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- "Housing condition, family size and family income" --- p.183 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Religion --- p.184 / Chapter 7.2.4 --- Caregivng role --- p.185 / Chapter 7.3 --- Respondents' perception of the existing service and expressed concern --- p.185 / Chapter 7.3.1 --- Number of respondents who had visited social worker in the past 6 months and their satisfaction with the service of social workers --- p.185 / Chapter 7.3.2 --- The social services which were considered by respondents as important for their schizophrenic parents --- p.185 / Chapter 7.3.3 --- Social services most needed by respondents --- p.189 / Chapter 7.4 --- "Stress, coping resources and mental health of respondents" --- p.192 / Chapter 7.4.1 --- Stress --- p.192 / Chapter (a) --- Stressors faced by respondents / Chapter (b) --- Perceived Stress / Chapter 7.4.2 --- Coping Resources --- p.201 / Chapter (a) --- Social Self-efficacy / Chapter (b) --- Self-esteem / Chapter (c) --- Knowledge about schizophrenia / Chapter (d) --- Behavioral intentions toward ex-mental patients / Chapter 7.4.3 --- Mental health of respondents --- p.210 / Chapter (a) --- General Health Questionnaire / Chapter (b) --- Hopelessness Scale / Chapter 7.5 --- Findings on relationships among major variables --- p.211 / Chapter 7.5.1 --- Relationship between perceived stress and psychological well-being --- p.211 / Chapter 7.5.2 --- Relationships between perceived stress and coping resources --- p.212 / Chapter 7.5.3 --- Relationship between coping resources and mental health --- p.215 / Chapter 7.6 --- Limitations --- p.216 / Chapter 7.6.1 --- Use of variables --- p.216 / Chapter 7.6.2 --- Sampling --- p.217 / Chapter 7.6.3 --- Data Collection --- p.219 / Chapter 7.6.4 --- Measuring Instruments --- p.219 / Chapter EIGHT --- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.220 / Chapter 8.1 --- Conclusions --- p.220 / Chapter 8.2 --- Recommendations --- p.225 / Chapter 8.2.1 --- Education on management of problems arising from mental patients --- p.225 / Chapter 8.2.2 --- Training on stress management --- p.226 / Chapter 8.2.3 --- Social skills training --- p.226 / Chapter 8.2.4 --- Special counselling service --- p.227 / Chapter 8.2.5 --- Mental health education for the patients and their family members as well --- p.228 / Chapter 8.2.6 --- Public education --- p.230 / Chapter 8.2.7 --- Promotion of teamwork approach among different professionals --- p.231 / Chapter 8.2.8 --- Cooperation among different professionals and special training for them --- p.231 / Chapter 8.2.9 --- Community support service and utilitarian support --- p.233 / Chapter (a) --- Financial assistance / Chapter (b) --- Special home help /family aid service / Chapter (c) --- Outreaching psychiatric service / Community nursing service / Chapter (d) --- Volunteer service / Chapter (e) --- Aftercare service team / Chapter (f) --- Social club for ex-mental patients / Chapter (g) --- Respite service / Chapter 8.2.10 --- Concluding remarks --- p.236 / APPENDIX A QUESTIONNAIRE (English Version) / APPENDIX B QUESTIONNAIRE (Chinese Version) / APPENDIX C TABLE31 / REFERENCES