Orientador: Carlos Alonso Barbosa de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T17:34:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leao_RodrigoPimentelFerreira_M.pdf: 3089069 bytes, checksum: 221f88bb82a8415411aa2d701f9238cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A China emergiu nas últimas três décadas como uma grande potência econômica mundial, desde o lançamento do programa de reformas "Quatro Modernizações" em 1978. Todavia, essa ascensão chinesa não esteve relacionada somente às transformações impulsionadas por este programa de reformas, mas também às modificações do cenário internacional, bem como a uma construção histórica, social, política e econômica muito particular. Assim, a execução cada reforma instituída pelo governo chinês foi levada a cabo a partir da análise dessas dimensões do seu processo de formação e desenvolvimento. O governo procurou observar as mudanças conjunturais e estruturais tanto da economia nacional, como internacional para levar a frente seu processo de modernização e abertura controlado pelo Estado a fim de garantir a estabilidade social e política. Em função disso, esse processo permitiu à China ingressar num padrão de acumulação tipicamente capitalista, cujas mudanças permitiram ao país superar o isolamento internacional e dirimir a pobreza da sua população, mas sem romper com seu sistema político e alterar radicalmente sua estrutura social. Portanto, as reformas, em função da forte regulação e participação do Estado, significaram progresso e desenvolvimento para toda a sociedade e a economia chinesa / Abstract: China has emerged in the last three decades as the world¿s economic superpower since it has initiated the reform program "Four Modernizations" in 1978. However, the Chinese ascent has not only been related to the changes caused by this program, but also to the transformations occurred in the international scenario, as well as to a historical social construction, and a very peculiar economical policy. Hence, the goals and characteristics of each reform shaped by the Chinese government were linked to all these issues, in order to take advantage of the opportunities offered by the international economy and to not harm the Chinese social, political and economical stability. Intending to correspond to its historical and structural characteristics, the commencement of the "Four Modernizations" brought China into a process of capitalaccumulation, whose changes allowed the country to overcome the international isolation and to diminish the poverty of its population. Therefore, the reforms, due to the intense regulation and participation of the State, resulted in progress and development to all the Chinese society and economy / Mestrado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

In the current literature on productivity and economic growth, many studies have explored the relationship between information and communications technology (ICT) and growth. In these studies, ICT capital stock is treated as an individual input in the production process that contributes to output growth. In fact, ICT is found to be a key driver of productivity growth in the developed economies. However, few empirical studies deal with China which has in recent years become one of the world's largest ICT markets and production centres. The lack of empirical work in this field contrasts sharply with the wealth of literature which presents background and descriptive studies of China's high technology sectors that include the telecommunications, the computer and the Internet sectors. This dissertation attempts to fill the void in the literature by examining the role of ICT in China's economy over the past two decades. It aims to develop a framework which emphasizes ICT as a production factor and apply it to interpret China's economic growth. The dissertation contributes to the empirical literature by focusing on the following core aspects underlying the linkage between ICT and economic growth. First, it attempts to estimate the size of China's ICT capital stock using the perpetual inventory method. Second, based on such estimates, the dissertation measures the contribution of ICT to China's economic growth by means of a production function model that segregates ICT from all other forms of capital. Third, the dissertation examines the impact of ICT on technical efficiency in China's regions by applying a stochastic frontier model. Lastly, the dissertation looks at the demand aspect of the ICT industry by estimating and projecting demand for ICT services, namely, the telecommunications and computer markets in China. According to this study, ICT capital is found to be a positive driver for the Chinese economy, and is responsible for about 25% of the country's economic growth, although the percentage varies at different periods. ICT capital is also found to have a positive and significant impact on technical efficiency in the Chinese regions. However, the disparity between the coastal and inland regions in terms of technical efficiency scores is found to be very wide, due to the bulk of ICT investment going into the municipal cities and coastal provinces. It is also found that China may be facing the beginning of a period of strong productivity growth driven by increased investment in ICT, especially innovative investment. Furthermore, projections of demand show that the majority of Chinese citizens will have access to a fixed-line telephone or the mobile phone in five years from now, while about half of the Chinese population is expected to use the computer by 2010.

The thesis deals with economic development of People's Republic of China the country's role in global economy and its foreign direct investment. The initial chapter introduces the concept of development of a country from a general and economic point of view. The second part of the thesis aims to describe the current situation in China and focuses on concrete parts of its development. The purpose of the final chapter is to analyse the flow of foreign direct investment from China.

Thesis (Master of Military Studies)-Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2005. / Title from title page of PDF document (viewed on: Jan 6, 2010). "CSC 2005" "Subject Area Topical Issues" Includes bibliographical references.