by Tham Yiu-Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / Chapter Chapter I --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1-1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Survey on Chinese Character Recognition --- p.1-4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Methodology Adopts in Our System --- p.1-7 / Chapter 1.4 --- Contributions and Organization of the Thesis --- p.1-11 / Chapter Chapter II --- Pre-processing and Stroke Extraction / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.2 --- Thinning --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Introduction to Thinning --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Proposed Thinning Algorithm Cater for Stroke Extraction --- p.2-6 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Thinning Results --- p.2-9 / Chapter 2.3 --- Stroke Extraction --- p.2-13 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Introduction to Stroke Extraction --- p.2-13 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Proposed Stroke Extraction Method --- p.2-14 / Chapter 2.3.2.1 --- Fork point detection --- p.2-16 / Chapter 2.3.2.2 --- 8-connected fork point merging --- p.2-18 / Chapter 2.3.2.3 --- Sub-stroke extraction --- p.2-18 / Chapter 2.3.2.4 --- Fork point merging --- p.2-19 / Chapter 2.3.2.5 --- Sub-stroke connection --- p.2-24 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Stroke Extraction Accuracy --- p.2-27 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Corner Detection --- p.2-29 / Chapter 2.3.4.1 --- Introduction to Corner Detection --- p.2-29 / Chapter 2.3.4.2 --- Proposed Corner Detection Formulation --- p.2-30 / Chapter 2.4 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.2-33 / Chapter Chapter III --- Four Corner Code / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.2 --- Deletion of Hook Strokes --- p.3-3 / Chapter 3.3 --- Stroke Types Selection --- p.3-5 / Chapter 3.4 --- Probability Formulations of Stroke Types --- p.3-7 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Simple Strokes --- p.3-7 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Square --- p.3-8 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Cross --- p.3-10 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Upper Right Corner --- p.3-12 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Lower Left Corner --- p.3-12 / Chapter 3.5 --- Corner Segments Extraction Procedure --- p.3-14 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Corner Segment Probability --- p.3-21 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Corner Segment Extraction --- p.3-23 / Chapter 3.6 4 --- C Codes Generation --- p.3-26 / Chapter 3.7 --- Parameters Determination --- p.3-29 / Chapter 3.8 --- Sensitivity Test --- p.3-31 / Chapter 3.9 --- Classification Rate --- p.3-32 / Chapter 3.10 --- Feedback by Corner Segments --- p.3-34 / Chapter 3.11 --- Classification Rate with Feedback by Corner Segment --- p.3-37 / Chapter 3.12 --- Reasons for Mis-classification --- p.3-38 / Chapter 3.13 --- Suggested Solution to the Mis-interpretation of Stroke Type --- p.3-41 / Chapter 3.14 --- Reduce Size of Candidate Set by No.of Input Segments --- p.3-43 / Chapter 3.15 --- Extension to Higher Order Code --- p.3-45 / Chapter 3.16 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.3-46 / Chapter Chapter IV --- Relaxation / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Introduction to Relaxation --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Formulation of Relaxation --- p.4-2 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Survey on Chinese Character Recognition by using Relaxation --- p.4-5 / Chapter 4.2 --- Relaxation Formulations --- p.4-9 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Definition of Neighbour Segments --- p.4-9 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Formulation of Initial Probability Assignment --- p.4-12 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Formulation of Compatibility Function --- p.4-14 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Formulation of Support from Neighbours --- p.4-16 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Stopping Criteria --- p.4-17 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Distance Measures --- p.4-17 / Chapter 4.2.7 --- Parameters Determination --- p.4-21 / Chapter 4.3 --- Recognition Rate --- p.4-23 / Chapter 4.4 --- Reasons for Mis-recognition in Relaxation --- p.4-27 / Chapter 4.5 --- Introduction of No-label Class --- p.4-31 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- No-label Initial Probability --- p.4-31 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- No-label Compatibility Function --- p.4-32 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- Improvement by No-label Class --- p.4-33 / Chapter 4.6 --- Rate of Convergence --- p.4-35 / Chapter 4.6.1 --- Updating Formulae in Exponential Form --- p.4-38 / Chapter 4.7 --- Comparison with Yamamoto et al's Relaxation Method --- p.4-40 / Chapter 4.7.1 --- Formulations in Yamamoto et al's Relaxation Method --- p.4-40 / Chapter 4.7.2 --- Modifications in [YAMAM82] --- p.4-42 / Chapter 4.7.3 --- Performance Comparison with [YAMAM82] --- p.4-43 / Chapter 4.8 --- System Overall Recognition Rate --- p.4-45 / Chapter 4.9 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.4-48 / Chapter Chapter V --- Concluding Remarks / Chapter 5.1 --- Recapitulation and Conclusions --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.2 --- Limitations in the System --- p.5-4 / Chapter 5.3 --- Suggestions for Further Developments --- p.5-6 / References --- p.R-1 / Appendix User's Guide / Chapter A .l --- System Functions --- p.A-1 / Chapter A.2 --- Platform and Compiler --- p.A-1 / Chapter A.3 --- File List --- p.A-2 / Chapter A.4 --- Directory --- p.A-3 / Chapter A.5 --- Description of Sub-routines --- p.A-3 / Chapter A.6 --- Data Structures and Header Files --- p.A-12 / Chapter A.7 --- Character File charfile Structure --- p.A-15 / Chapter A.8 --- Suggested Program to Implement the System --- p.A-17

by Lau Chi Ching, Donny. / Thesis (M.Sc.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [71]). / Chapter 1. --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Comparison of Phonetic and Written Character Input --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Significance of Phonetic Input --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Drawbacks of Current Phonetic Input Methods --- p.4 / Chapter 2. --- Objectives of the Research / Chapter 2.1 --- Main Objectives --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- User Background Pre-requisite --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3 --- Roman-Spelling (Recommended Phonetic Scheme) --- p.9 / Chapter 2.4 --- User Input and the Output Scenario --- p.10 / Chapter 2.5 --- Outline of Free-Style Phonetic Input Processing --- p.15 / Chapter 3. --- Lexical Analyser / Chapter 3.1 --- Overview of Lexical Analyser --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2 --- Identification of Character Boundary --- p.19 / Chapter 3.3 --- Lexical Tree --- p.20 / Chapter 4. --- Selection Module / Chapter 4.1 --- Overview of Selection Module --- p.23 / Chapter 4.2 --- Fault-tolerance Capability --- p.24 / Chapter 4.3 --- Group Table (Groups of Similar Sounds) --- p.26 / Chapter 4.4 --- Distance Calculation Algorithm --- p.30 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Character Dictionary --- p.31 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Phrase Dictionary --- p.33 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Hashing Key of the Dictionaries --- p.35 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Maintenance of Dictionaries --- p.36 / Chapter 4.4.5 --- Distance Calculation of Character Input --- p.37 / Chapter 4.4.5.1 --- Examples of Character Output --- p.39 / Chapter 4.4.6 --- Distance Calculation of Phrase Input --- p.40 / Chapter 4.4.6.1 --- Examples of Phrase Output --- p.44 / Chapter 4.4.7 --- Explanation of Algorithm --- p.45 / Chapter 5. --- Syntax Analyser / Chapter 5.1 --- Overview of Syntax Analyser --- p.46 / Chapter 5.2 --- Overview of a Chinese Simple Sentence --- p.47 / Chapter 5.3 --- Testing Simple Sentence Rules --- p.48 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- NDFA for Chinese Grammar Rules --- p.49 / Chapter 5.4 --- Syntax Analysis Algorithm --- p.51 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Explanation of Algorithm --- p.52 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Justification of Algorithm --- p.54 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Examples of Syntax Analysis --- p.55 / Chapter 5.5 --- Parse Tree for Semantic Analysis --- p.59 / Chapter 6. --- Division of Technical Work --- p.61 / Chapter 7. --- Applied Areas of the Research / Chapter 7.1 --- Chinese User Interface with Operating System --- p.63 / Chapter 7.2 --- Bilingual Programming Language Editor --- p.64 / Chapter 7.3 --- Development of a Chinese Programming Language --- p.66 / Chapter 7.4 --- Putonghua Training --- p.67 / Chapter 8. --- Conclusions and Future Improvements / Chapter 8.1 --- Conclusions --- p.68 / Chapter 8.2 --- Future Improvements --- p.69 / References / Appendix A

by Chan Shing Chi, Michael. / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1987. / Bibliography: leaves [112]-[114]

by Yeung Chuen-sang. / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1987. / Bibliography: leaves 190-194.

by Wai-Yip Tung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-56). / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Previous work --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1. --- A Chinese METAFONT --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2. --- Chinese character generator --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3. --- Chinese Character Design System CCDS --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2. --- Goals of the thesis --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3. --- Overview of the thesis --- p.3 / Chapter 2. --- Construction of Chinese Characters --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2. --- liu shu(六書）Six Principles of Chinese Character Construction --- p.5 / Chapter 2.3. --- Structural Analysis of Chinese Characters --- p.7 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Left-Right Structure --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- Top-Bottom Structure --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Inside-Outside Structure --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3.4. --- Singleton Structure --- p.10 / Chapter 2.4. --- Usage frequency of radicals --- p.11 / Chapter 2.5. --- Usage frequency of Bushou --- p.11 / Chapter 2.6. --- Usage frequency of Shengpang --- p.13 / Chapter 2.7. --- Summary --- p.15 / Chapter 3. --- Composition by Radicals --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1. --- Introduction --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2. --- Transforming radicals --- p.18 / Chapter 3.3. --- Quality of transformed radicals --- p.19 / Chapter 3.4. --- Lower level components --- p.20 / Chapter 3.5. --- Summary --- p.23 / Chapter 4. --- Automatic Hinting for Chinese Font --- p.24 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2. --- Automatic hinting for Chinese font --- p.26 / Chapter 4.3. --- Stroke recognition --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- Identify horizontal lines --- p.31 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- Identify stroke segments --- p.31 / Chapter 4.3.3. --- Stroke recognition --- p.32 / Chapter 4.4. --- Regularize stroke width --- p.33 / Chapter 4.5. --- Grid-fitting horizontal and vertical strokes --- p.33 / Chapter 4.6. --- Grid-fitting radicals --- p.37 / Chapter 4.7. --- Summary --- p.39 / Chapter 5. --- RADIT - A Chinese Font Editor --- p.41 / Chapter 5.1. --- Introduction --- p.41 / Chapter 5.2. --- RADIT basics --- p.41 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- Character selection window --- p.42 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Character window --- p.42 / Chapter 5.2.3. --- Tools Palette --- p.43 / Chapter 5.2.4. --- Toolbar --- p.43 / Chapter 5.2.5. --- Zooming the character window --- p.44 / Chapter 5.3. --- Editing a character --- p.44 / Chapter 5.3.1. --- Selecting handles --- p.44 / Chapter 5.3.2. --- Adding lines and curves --- p.45 / Chapter 5.3.3. --- Delete control points --- p.45 / Chapter 5.3.4. --- Moving control points --- p.45 / Chapter 5.3.5. --- Cut and paste --- p.46 / Chapter 5.3.6. --- Undo --- p.46 / Chapter 5.4. --- Adding radicals to a character --- p.46 / Chapter 5.5. --- Rasterizing and grid-fitting a character --- p.47 / Chapter 5.5.1. --- Rasterizing a character --- p.48 / Chapter 5.5.2. --- Stroke detection and regularization --- p.48 / Chapter 5.5.3. --- Grid-fitting and rasterizing a character --- p.49 / Chapter 6. --- Conclusions --- p.50 / Appendix A: Sample Fonts --- p.52 / References --- p.55

by Raymond Cheuk-kuen Chen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-160). / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1. --- Windowing System --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2. --- Fonts --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.1. --- Bitmap Fonts --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.2. --- Outline Fonts --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3. --- Different font support models --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.1. --- Supported by applications --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.2. --- Supported by windowing system --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.'3. --- Supported by a dedicated server --- p.19 / Chapter 1.4. --- Issues of Chinese Font Support --- p.20 / Chapter 2. --- OVERVIEW OF X WINDOW SYSTEM --- p.22 / Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2. --- Architecture --- p.23 / Chapter 2.3. --- Font Management in the X Window System --- p.23 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Before X Version 11 Release5 --- p.24 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- In X Version 11 Release5 --- p.25 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Portable Compiled Format --- p.25 / Chapter 2.3.4. --- Font Server --- p.26 / Chapter 2.3.5. --- Font Management Library --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4. --- Internal Code --- p.29 / Chapter 3. --- CHINESE FONT SERVER --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1. --- Motivation --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2. --- Font Server Architecture --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Device Independent Font Server layer(DIFS) --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Operating System layer(OS) --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Font Management Library(FML) --- p.33 / Chapter 3.2.4. --- Font Path Element --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.5. --- Font File Renderer --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.6. --- Font server Renderer --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3. --- Implementation of Chinese Font Server --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Font data and code set --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3.2. --- Registering a new font reader --- p.38 / Chapter 3.3.3. --- Font specific functions --- p.42 / Chapter 3.3.4. --- Load-All Scheme --- p.43 / Chapter 3.3.5. --- Demand-Loading Scheme --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3.6. --- Embedding of font rasterizer --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4. --- Test Results --- p.45 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- X Application Tests --- p.45 / Chapter 3.4.2. --- Demand-Loading Test --- p.49 / Chapter 3.5. --- Some Remarks --- p.53 / Chapter 4. --- OVERVIEW OF PRINTING SYSTEM --- p.54 / Chapter 4.1. --- Motivation --- p.54 / Chapter 4.2. --- Design Considerations --- p.56 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- Modification of the X server --- p.56 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Embed the printing system into the font server --- p.57 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- Distributed Architecture --- p.58 / Chapter 4.3. --- System Architecture --- p.60 / Chapter 4.4. --- Printer Server --- p.61 / Chapter 4.5. --- Font Server --- p.63 / Chapter 4.6. --- Printing Services Protocols --- p.63 / Chapter 4.7. --- X Window System Server --- p.65 / Chapter 4.8. --- Printer Server Library --- p.65 / Chapter 4.9. --- Client Applications --- p.65 / Chapter 5. --- DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PRINTER SERVER --- p.67 / Chapter 5.1. --- Objects identification --- p.67 / Chapter 5.1.1. --- Dispatcher (dispatcher) --- p.68 / Chapter 5.1.2. --- Communication Channel (ComChannel) --- p.68 / Chapter 5.1.3. --- Font Cache Manager (FnCache) --- p.69 / Chapter 5.1.4. --- PrnFont (PrnFont) --- p.69 / Chapter 5.1.5. --- Per-Font Cache (CacheStruct) 一- --- p.70 / Chapter 5.1.6. --- Font Server (FnServer) --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1.7. --- Client Manager (LRUList) --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1.8. --- Client Record (ClientRec) --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1.9. --- Printer Driver (PrnDriver) --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1.10. --- Down Loaded Font Table (DownLoadedFont) --- p.72 / Chapter 5.1.11. --- Request Header (reqHeader) --- p.72 / Chapter 5.1.12. --- Generic Reply(replyGeneric) --- p.74 / Chapter 5.2. --- Objects Organization --- p.74 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- Server Control Subsystem --- p.75 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Client Management Subsystem --- p.78 / Chapter 5.2.3. --- Request Handling Subsystem --- p.84 / Chapter 5.2.4. --- Font Managing Subsystem --- p.86 / Chapter 6. --- SAMPLE PRINTER DRIVER --- p.94 / Chapter 6.1. --- Printer Control Languages --- p.94 / Chapter 6.1.1. --- Structure of PCL Command --- p.95 / Chapter 6.1.2. --- PCL Command Example --- p.97 / Chapter 6.2. --- Printer Font Resources --- p.98 / Chapter 6.3. --- Traditional Font Handling Methods in a Printer Driver --- p.99 / Chapter 6.4. --- Soft Font Creation in PCL Printer --- p.101 / Chapter 6.4.1. --- Font ID number --- p.102 / Chapter 6.4.2. --- Font Descriptor --- p.102 / Chapter 6.4.3. --- Character Code - --- p.104 / Chapter 6.4.4. --- Character Descriptor --- p.105 / Chapter 6.4.5. --- Character Bitmap Data --- p.107 / Chapter 6.5. --- New font downloading schemes for double-byte fonts --- p.107 / Chapter 6.5.1. --- Terminology --- p.108 / Chapter 6.5.2. --- Underlying Concepts of Algorithm One --- p.109 / Chapter 6.5.3. --- Algorithm One --- p.111 / Chapter 6.5.3.1. --- Code Mapping --- p.112 / Chapter 6.5.3.2. --- Example --- p.114 / Chapter 6.5.3.3. --- Memory Consideration --- p.115 / Chapter 6.5.4. --- Algorithm Two --- p.117 / Chapter 7. --- EXPERIMENT RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS --- p.121 / Chapter 7.1. --- Cache Test --- p.121 / Chapter 7.2. --- Printer Driver Test --- p.125 / Chapter 7.2.1. --- Testing with 10 points font --- p.126 / Chapter 7.2.2. --- Testing with 12 points font --- p.129 / Chapter 7.2.3. --- Testing with 15 points font --- p.131 / Chapter 7.2.4. --- Testing with 18 points font --- p.134 / Chapter 7.3. --- Time Measurement --- p.136 / Chapter 7.4. --- Discussion --- p.139 / Chapter 7.5. --- Further Improvement --- p.143 / Chapter 8. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.145 / APPENDIX A. PRINTER DRIVER CLASS --- p.147 / APPENDIX B. SAMPLE OUTPUT --- p.149 / REFERENCES --- p.157

Kwong-ho Wu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-75). / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Outline Fonts --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Advantages and Disadvantages --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Representations --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Rasterization --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Introduction to This Thesis --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Organization --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Objectives --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Chinese Characters Fonts --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Large Character Set --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Font Styles --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3 --- Storage Problems --- p.9 / Chapter 2.4 --- Hierarchical Structure --- p.10 / Chapter 2.5 --- High Stroke Count --- p.11 / Chapter 3 --- Rasterization --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Basic Rasterization --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Scan Conversion --- p.14 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Filling Outline --- p.16 / Chapter 3.2 --- Font Rasterization --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Outline Scaling --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Hintings --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Basic Rasterization Approach for Chinese Fonts --- p.18 / Chapter 3.3 --- Hintings --- p.20 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Phase Control --- p.20 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Auto-Hints --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Storage of Hintings Information in TrueType Font and Postscript Font --- p.22 / Chapter 4 --- An Improved Chinese Font Rasterizer --- p.24 / Chapter 4.1 --- Floating Point Avoidance --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2 --- Filling --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Filling with Horizontal Scan Line --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Filling with Vertical Scan Line --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3 --- Hintings --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Assumptions --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Maintaining Regular Strokes Width --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Maintaining Regular Spacing Among Strokes --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Hintings of Single Stroke Contour --- p.42 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Storing the Hinting Information in Font File --- p.49 / Chapter 4.4 --- A Rasterization Algorithm for Printing --- p.51 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- A Simple Algorithm for Generating Smooth Characters --- p.52 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Algorithm --- p.54 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Results --- p.54 / Chapter 5 --- Experiments --- p.56 / Chapter 5.1 --- Apparatus --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2 --- Experiments for Investigating Rasterization Speed --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Investigation into the Effects of Features of Chinese Fonts on Rasterization Time --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Improvement of Fast Rasterizer --- p.57 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Details of Experiments --- p.57 / Chapter 5.3 --- Experiments for Rasterization Speed of Font File with Hints --- p.57 / Chapter 6 --- Results and Conclusions --- p.58 / Chapter 6.1 --- Observations --- p.58 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Relationship Between Time for Rasterization and Stroke Count --- p.58 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Effects of Style --- p.61 / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Investigation into the Observed Relationship --- p.62 / Chapter 6.2 --- Improvement of the Improved Rasterizer --- p.64 / Chapter 6.3 --- Gain and Cost of Inserting Hints into Font File --- p.68 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Cost --- p.68 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Gain --- p.68 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusions --- p.69 / Chapter 6.5 --- Future Work --- p.69 / Appendix

Sin Ka Wai. / Thesis (M.Sc.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [81]-[82]). / PREFACE / ABSTRACT / CONTENT / Chapter §1. --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter §1.1 --- The Chinese language --- p.1 / Chapter §1.2 --- Chinese information processing system --- p.2 / Chapter §1.3 --- Chinese character recognition --- p.4 / Chapter §1.4 --- Multi-stage tree classifier Vs Single-stage tree classifier in Chinese character recognition --- p.6 / Chapter §1.5 --- Decision Tree / Chapter §1.5.1 --- Basic Terminology of a decision tree --- p.7 / Chapter §1.5.2 --- Structure design of a decision tree --- p.10 / Chapter §1.6 --- Motivation of the project --- p.12 / Chapter §1.7 --- Objects of the project --- p.14 / Chapter §1.8 --- Development environment --- p.14 / Chapter §2. --- APPROACH 1 - UNSUPERVISED LEARNING / Chapter §2.1 --- Idea --- p.15 / Chapter §2.2 --- Feature Extraction / Chapter §2.2.1 --- Feature selection criteria --- p.15 / Chapter §2.2.2 --- 4C code --- p.20 / Chapter §2.2.3 --- Regional code --- p.22 / Chapter §2.2.4 --- Walsh Transform --- p.24 / Chapter §2.2.5 --- Black dot density projection profile --- p.26 / Chapter §2.2.6 --- Corner features --- p.28 / Chapter §2.3 --- Clustering Method -K-MEANS & Other Algorithms --- p.32 / Chapter §2.4 --- Pros & Cons --- p.35 / Chapter §2.5 --- Decision Table --- p.37 / Chapter §2.6 --- The Optimum Classifier & its Implemen- tation difficulties --- p.39 / Chapter §3. --- APPROACH 2 - SUPERVISED LEARNING --- p.43 / Chapter §4. --- POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENT / Chapter §4.1 --- Training and Test Sample Reduction --- p.46 / Chapter §4.2 --- Noise Filtering --- p.46 / Chapter §4.3 --- Decision with Overlapping --- p.52 / Chapter §4.4 --- Back Tracking for Holes --- p.56 / Chapter §4.5 --- Fuzzy Decision with Tolerance Limit --- p.59 / Chapter §4.6 --- Different Tree Architecture --- p.63 / Chapter §4.7 --- Building Decision Tree by Entropy Reduction Method --- p.65 / Chapter §5. --- EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS & THE IMPROVED MULTISTAGE CLASSIFIER / Chapter §5.1 --- Experimental Results --- p.70 / Chapter §5.2 --- Conclusion --- p.81 / Chapter §6. --- IMPROVED MULTISTAGE TREE CLASSIFIER / Chapter §6.1 --- The Optimal Multistage Tree Classifier --- p.83 / Chapter §6.2 --- Performance Analysis --- p.84 / Chapter §7. --- FURTHER DISCRIMINATION BY CONTEXT CONSIDERATION --- p.87 / Chapter §8. --- CONCLUSION / Chapter §8.1 --- Advantage of the Classifier --- p.89 / Chapter §8.2 --- Limitation of the Classifier --- p.90 / Chapter §9. --- AREA OF FUTURE RESEARCH AND IMPROVEMENT / Chapter §9.1 --- Detailed Analysis at Each Terminal Node --- p.91 / Chapter §9.2 --- Improving the Noise Filtering Technique --- p.92 / Chapter §9.3 --- The Use of 4 Corner Code --- p.93 / Chapter §9.4 --- Increase in the Dimension of the Feature Space --- p.95 / Chapter §9.5 --- 1-Tree Protocol with Entropy Reduction --- p.96 / Chapter §9.6 --- The Use of Human Intelligence --- p.97 / APPENDICES / Chapter A.1 --- K-MEANS / Chapter A.2 --- Maximum Distance Algorithm & ISODATA Algorithm / Chapter A.3 --- Approach Two - Supervised Learning / Chapter A.4 --- Theories on Statistical Discriminant Analysis / Chapter A.5 --- An Example of Misclassification Table / Chapter A.6 --- "Listing of the Program ""CHDIS.C""" / Chapter A.7 --- Further Discrimination by Context Consideration / Chapter A.8 --- Passage used in Testing the Performance of the Classifier with Context Consideration / Chapter A.9 --- A Partial List of Semantically Related Chinese Characters / REFERENCE

by Jian-Zhuang Liu. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-196). / Microfiche. Ann Arbor, Mich.: UMI, 1998. 3 microfiches ; 11 x 15 cm.

by Law Tak Ming. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-96). / by Law Tak Ming. / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- The Structure of Chinese Characters --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Pixels (像素) --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Strokes (筆劃) --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Basic Stroke Types (Segment Type)基本筆劃（筆段) --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Compound-segment Stroke (複合筆劃) --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Total Stroke types --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Stroke Sequence (筆順) --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.7 --- Segments as Basic Features --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.8 --- Geographic Structure of Components --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2 --- Stroke Distribution of Chinese Characters --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3 --- Radical --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4 --- The Comparison between ON-line and Off-line Chinese Character Recognition Approach --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5 --- Commercial Product Comparison --- p.14 / Chapter 1.6 --- Related Works --- p.17 / Chapter 1.7 --- Objectives --- p.29 / Chapter 2. --- PREPROCESSING --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1 --- Smoothing and Sampling --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2 --- Interpolation --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3 --- DEHOOKING --- p.37 / Chapter 2.4 --- Stroke Segmentation --- p.39 / Chapter 3. --- DATA LEARNING --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1 --- Definition of Terms --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2 --- Definition of Direction type --- p.42 / Chapter 3.3 --- Data Base Structure --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4 --- Learning Algorithms of Segments --- p.45 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Learning of the Coordinates --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Learning of Direction Type --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Learning of Slope Angle --- p.50 / Chapter 3.5 --- Learning of the Tolerance of Coordinate --- p.50 / Chapter 3.6 --- Stroke Relation Coding --- p.51 / Chapter 4. --- PRECLASSIFICATION --- p.54 / Chapter 4.1 --- Decision Path Classification --- p.56 / Chapter 4.2 --- First-Two-Ending-One Classification Method --- p.57 / Chapter 4.3 --- Stroke Type Matching Algorithm --- p.61 / Chapter 5. --- RECOGNITION STAGE --- p.64 / Chapter 5.1 --- Connected Strokes Handling --- p.65 / Chapter 5.2 --- Stroke Sequence Free Matching Algorithm --- p.70 / Chapter 5.3 --- Preliminary Character Distance Measure --- p.72 / Chapter 5.4 --- Detailed Matching Techniques --- p.74 / Chapter 5.5 --- Segments Sequence Within a Compound-segment Stroke Compatibility --- p.75 / Chapter 5.5.1 --- Length and Slope Orientation Similarities --- p.78 / Chapter 5.5.2 --- Segment Similarity Measure Function --- p.79 / Chapter 5.6 --- Stroke Relation Influences --- p.79 / Chapter 5.7 --- Final Character Similarity Measure --- p.81 / Chapter 6. --- RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS --- p.83 / Chapter 6.1 --- Experiment Results --- p.83 / Chapter 6.2 --- Analysis --- p.85 / Chapter 6.3 --- Conclusion --- p.87