Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis Candidate: Jana Marvalová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Radim Kučera, PhD. Title of Thesis: The employment of HPLC in field of chiral separations VI. Boron clusters are synthetically prepared substances that are being intensively studied in connection with Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, the substitution of phenyl rings of molecules of already known drugs and as potential inhibitors of HIV protease. Boron clusters are symmetric molecules, however, by endo- or exo-skeletal substitution, the symmetry of the cluster is disrupted and enantiomers are formed. This diploma thesis is focused on the investigation of chromatographic conditions for chiral separations of cosanes (bis(dicarbollides) and 7,8-dicarb-nido-undecaborates derivatives using high performance liquid chromatography and chiral selectors based on cellulose and amylose in reverse-phase liquid chromatography. For this purpose, columns Lux Cellulose-1 and Lux Amylose-1 were selected with chiral selectors cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) and amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate), respectively. The mobile phases were mixtures of methanol or acetonitrile with sodium perchlorate or sodium chloride...

Optical activity is the defining property of chiral materials that is essential for characterization in biology, chemistry, and physics. While a substantial body of research has provided a strong theoretical framework of the origin of optical activity, we still know very little by way of experiment about an individual molecule’s contribution to the bulk optical activity. The chiroptical response of a single molecule can depend on molecular orientation and local molecular environment, information which is lost in ensemble averaging. This thesis focuses on establishing methods for a priori determination of chiral molecule orientations and refining measurements to probe the chiroptical response of a single molecule using a generalization of well-known defocused emission pattern imaging. Recent experiments probing the chiroptical response of single helicene dimer molecules offer new insight into the relationship between local molecular environment and coupling between chiral moieties. New experiments, such as probing the chiroptical response of an achiral, non-centrosymmetric molecular systems and polarization resolved spectral measurements which probe the Davydov splitting of coupled chromophore systems offer promising new avenues for understanding the connection between the polarization properties of single molecules and the ensemble.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

<p> It is believed that Sr2RuO4 is a triplet superconductor that breaks time reversal symmetry, and it is expected to have spontaneous magnetization both at the sample edge, as well as at domain walls. Recent magnetic microscopy results place upper limits on the magnetic fields differing from previous theoretical calculations by 2 orders of magnitude. Using a Ginzburg-Landau formalism we investigate the effects of a rough surface as well as parameter choices which differ from the typical weak coupling parameters on the magnitudes of the spontaneous supercurrents and magnetic fields. The dependance on surface roughness is found to be small resulting in only a 20% reduction for the weak coupling parameters. Changing the parameters from weak coupling in addition to pair breaking surface effects is also found to affect the magnitudes of the spontaneous fields weakly, except in certain unphysical parameter regimes. The effects of the surface stabilizing another non-magnetic order parameter are considered, and give rise to field distributions with similar features to those present at domain walls.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

We study the spontaneous edge current of chiral superconductors with high chirality both in the absence and presence of Meissner screening. We compute the edge current from a self-consistent solution to a set of coupled equations: quasiclassical Eilenberger equation, superconducting gap equation, and Maxwell equation. We find that the spatial dependent chiral edge current is largely suppressed and has more nodes for higher chirality pairings. In the absence of Meissner screening, the integrated current at T=0 is zero for all higher chirality pairings; while it is substantial for chiral p-wave. This conclusion is consistent with previous studies. In contrast, at finite T, the integrated current is non-zero even for higher chiral pairings. It turns out that the spatial varying order parameter is crucial to understand this finite T behavior of the edge current. When Meissner screening is included, the magnitude of the edge currents is reduced for all chiral pairings; however, the reduction is much weaker in higher chirality cases. We conclude that the Meissner effect is not that important for higher chiral pairings. We also consider the effect of the rough surface on the edge current. The edge current of even chiral pairings is inverted by the strong surface roughness; however, that of the odd chiral pairings is not. The sub-dominant order parameters, induced by the surface, are the key to understanding this current inversion. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)