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by Edwina Po Sau Man. / The "0" & "1" in the title are subscripts. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-86). / Abstract --- p.II / Acknowledgment --- p.IV / Abbreviations --- p.V / List of Tables --- p.VIII / List of Figures --- p.IX / Table of Contents --- p.XII / Chapter Section 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Photosynthesis --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Site of Photosynthesis --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- The Structure of ATPase --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Functions of the Subunits of CF1 --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- The ε - Subunit --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.1.2 --- The δ - Subunit --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.1.3 --- The γ- Subunit --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.1.4 --- The α- and β- Subunits --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4 --- "Photosynthetic Electron Transport, Δ pH and Phosphorylation inside Chloroplasts" --- p.12 / Chapter 1.5 --- Pesticides --- p.16 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Paraquat --- p.17 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Carbamates --- p.20 / Chapter 1.6 --- Objectives of the Study --- p.21 / Chapter Section 2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.22 / Chapter 2.1 --- Apparatus --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2 --- Materials --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Reagents and Buffers for assay of Proton Transport --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Pesticides --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Buffers for SDS-PAGE --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Reagents of Bradford Protein Assay --- p.31 / Chapter 2.3 --- Methods --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Determination of ChlorophyllContent --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Determination of Protein Content in Chloroplast Thylakoids --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Measurement of Proton Transport --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Pesticide Concentration Study --- p.36 / Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Time Course Study --- p.36 / Chapter 2.3.3.3 --- Kinetic Analysis of the Effects of Pesticides on Chloroplast Thylakoids Before and After Illumination --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.3.4 --- Study of the Combined Effects of Two Pesticides --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Effect of Pesticides on Chloroplast Membranes by SDS-PAGE --- p.38 / Chapter Section 3 --- Results --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1 --- Pesticide Concentration Study --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Paraquat Dichloride --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Methyl Carbamate --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Ethyl Carbamate --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Pyridinol Carbamate --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Diethyldithiocarbamic Acid --- p.49 / Chapter 3.1.7 --- Summary of the Pesticides Concentration Study --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2 --- Time-course Study --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3 --- Kinetic Analysis of the Effects of Pesticides on Chloroplast Thylakoids Before and After Illumination --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Paraquat Dichloride --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Methyl Carbamate --- p.56 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Ethyl Carbamate --- p.57 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Pyridinol Carbamate --- p.58 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Diethyldithiocarbamic Acid --- p.60 / Chapter 3.4 --- Combined Effects of Paraquat and Carbamates --- p.61 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Paraquat and Methyl Carbamate --- p.61 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Paraquat and Ethyl Carbamate --- p.64 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Paraquat and Pyridinol Carbamate --- p.66 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Paraquat and Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate --- p.69 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Paraquat and Diethyldithiocarbamic Acid --- p.71 / Chapter 3.5 --- Gel Electrophoresis --- p.73 / Chapter Section 4 --- Discussion --- p.75 / Chapter Section 5 --- Conclusion --- p.80 / Chapter Section 6 --- References --- p.81 / References --- p.81 / Appendix I Kinetic Analysis of Pesticides with Chloroplast Thylakoids upon Illumination --- p.87 / Appendix II Kinetic Analysis of Pesticides with Chloroplast Thylakoids in the Dark --- p.88 / Appendix III The Initial Rate of Proton Transport in Chloroplast Thylakoids with Different Pesticides --- p.89 / Appendix IV The Conversion of Equivalent Protons from pH Changes --- p.90 / Appendix V Calculation of Proton Transport (%) --- p.91 / Appendix VI Determination of Protein Content in Chloroplast Thylakoids --- p.92 / Appendix VII Calculaiton of Relative Mobility (Rf) --- p.93