Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TomazewskiHM.pdf: 329402 bytes, checksum: cf495510bcea6a64239a8ef7b8221afa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-30 / Why are we attracted to some people but not to other ones? How is this attraction established? Which signs are characteristic of a good partner? These and many other questions concerning how mate attraction and mate selection work out among humans have been intriguing behavioral scientists. It is well-known that beauty indicates something about a potential mate s health. The odor may indicate a similar assessment, if we can assess how pheromones are integrated into human sexual behavior. However, what is the relation between age preference and body scent evaluation? In order to investigate this question, this study?s objective was identifying evidences which show that olfactory cues might reveal the potential mate s age and that it coincides with the ideal mate s profile. To produce the stimuli, men and women had to wear cotton t-shirts for three nights in order to have their body odor impregnated. After that, opposite-sex individuals evaluated the intensity and attractivity of these odor impregnated tshirts according to two Likert scales (4 points scale for intensity; 7 points scale for attractivity). We found differences between men and women on body scent perception, that indicates a better scent discrimination for women when it concerns the perception of potential mate s age. Another finding was the negative correlation between intensity and attractiveness perception for both sexes. We also verified that mate selection strategies are plural, more than one tactic simultaneously fitting in the same strategy, but all of them are related to differential investment of each sex on their own reproductive success / Por que nos sentimos atra?dos por algumas pessoas e por outras n?o? O que define essa atra??o? Quais os sinais que definem um bom parceiro? Essas e muitas outras perguntas sobre como se d? a atra??o e a sele??o de parceiros na esp?cie humana v?m intrigando os cientistas do comportamento. J? entendemos que a beleza nos indica muito da sa?de de um parceiro em potencial. O odor pode nos indicar um caminho similar se entendermos como os ferom?nios se integram no comportamento sexual humano. Entretanto, como se relaciona a prefer?ncia de idade e a avalia??o do odor corporal? Esse estudo se prop?e a encontrar evid?ncias que mostrem que pistas olfativas podem nos revelar a idade de um parceiro em potencial e que essa idade coincide com o perfil ideal para um parceiro. Para tanto, foram utilizadas camisetas de algod?o que foram impregnadas com o odor corporal de homens e mulheres. Esses odores, posteriormente, foram avaliados por indiv?duos do sexo-oposto quanto a sua intensidade e atratividade em duas escalas (intensidade 4 pontos e atratividade em 7 pontos). Encontramos que homens e mulheres diferem na percep??o de odores corporais, com as mulheres apresentando um melhor discernimento quanto ? avalia??o de cheiro quando se trata de perceber a idade de um parceiro em potencial. Outro achado foi a exist?ncia de uma correla??o negativa entre a percep??o de intensidade e de atratividade, em ambos o sexo. Verificamos ainda que as estrat?gias de sele??o de parceiros s?o plurais, cabendo mais de uma t?tica harmonicamente numa mesma estrat?gia, e que estas est?o relacionadas ao investimento diferencial que cada g?nero faz no seu pr?prio sucesso reprodutivo

Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur « La vie de couple : Étude comparative entre les couples syriens, français et franco-syriens ». Cette étude met en évidence l’importance d’une relation qui forme le coeur de la première cellule dans la société qui est la famille. C'est la première étude qui tente d’explorer ce sujet à fond. La thèse s'intéresse à l’analyse de la construction du couple dans deux sociétés et deux cultures (France-Syrie). Elle permet de mieux cerner le rôle de l’environnement social et familial dans la stabilité ou les difficultés que traversent parfois les couples. L’échantillon de la recherche est composé de 55 couples (110 sujets). Il est réparti en quatre groupes : 30 couples syriens vivant en Syrie, 13 couples syriens vivant en France, 7 couples franco-syriens vivant en France ainsi que 5 couples français vivant en France. Les outils de la recherche sont les entretiens semi-directifs, le questionnaire de l’entente conjugale et le T.A.T. Les résultats de cette étude sont que les variables étudiées démontrent une différence significative et importante entre les quatre groupes de l’échantillon de la recherche sauf pour deux variables : l’entente conjugale et les activités partagées dans le couple qui ne montrent pas de différence significative. En conclusion, cette étude contribue à déterminer les facteurs de la réussite du mariage, de convergence dans le couple, de la mésentente et les causes de tension et de conflit. Elle fournit des bases afin d’élaborer un programme de consultation visant à améliorer la relation au sein du couple. / This thesis focuses on « the life of couples: comparative study between Syrian couples, French and Franco-Syrian ». This study highlights relationship of the family which is considered as a crucial cell that builds society. This study is the first of its kind that attempts to explore this issue thoroughly. This thesis is interested in analyzing the structure of couples in two diffrent societies and two cultures in both Syria and France. This study focuses on the importance of the role of the family and social environment in either stability or instability cases and in the difficulties that couples are passing through sometimes. The research sample consists of 55 couples (110 sujets), which was divided into four groups as the following : 30 Syrian couples living in Syria, and 13 Syrian couples living in France, 7 Franco-Syrian couples living in France, and 5 French couples living in France. The reserch is based mainly on undirected interviews containing questions about couples life, marital understanding, and projective test TAT. Search results : The studied variables shows a quiet signifiant difference between the four groups in the sample, while there are two variables which are the marital understand and the joint activities between the couple that did not show any differences. In conclusion, this study helps in defining the marriage success factors in terms of matching and agreement between the couple and disagreement between them. Also defining the causes of tension and conflit and provides bases to develop a consultation program to improve the relationship between the couple.