Typescript. / Bibliography: leaves 184-192. / x, 192 l illus., maps, tables

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:18:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 InailsonMCC.pdf: 709825 bytes, checksum: 7064e0fcd96dff67a498094dbfde1451 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-20 / The fauna of Brazilian reef fishes comprises approximately 320 species distributed along the coast of the mainland and islands ocean. Little is known about the levels of connectivity between their populations, but has been given the interest in the relations between the offshore and the islands of the Brazil, in a biogeographical perspective. The oceanic islands Brazilian hosting a considerable number of endemic species, which are locally abundant, and divide a substantial portion of its reef fish fauna with the Western Atlantic. Among the richest families of reef fish in species are Pomacentridae. This study analyzed through analysis of sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region (D-loop), the standards-breeding population of C. Multilineata in different areas of the NE coast of Brazil, involving both oceanic islands (Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and of St. Peter and St. Paul) and continental shelf (RN and BA). To this aim, partial sequences were used in the region HVR1 of mtDNA (312pb). The population structure and parameters for the estimates of genetic variability, molecular variance (AMOVA), estimation of the index for fixing (FST) and number of migrants were determined. The phylogenetic relationships between the populations were estimated using neighbor-joining (NJ) method. A group of Bayesian analysis was used to verify population structure, according to haplotype frequency of each individual. The genetic variability of populations was extremely high. The populations sampled show moderate genetic structure, with a higher degree of genetic divergence being observed for the sample of the Archipelago of St. Peter and St. Paul. At smaller geographical scale, the sample of Rio Grande do Norte and the Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha do not have genetic differentiation. Three moderately differentiated population groups were identified: a population group (I), formed by the Rio Grande do Norte (I') and the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (I''), and two other different groups formed by the island population of the archipelago of Saint Peter and St. Paul (II) and Bahia (III). The genetic patterns found suggest that the species has suffered a relatively recent radiation favoring the absence of shared haplotypes. C. multilineata seems to constitute a relatively homogenous population along the West Atlantic coast, with evidence of a moderate population genetic structure in relation to the Archipelago of St. Peter and St. Paul. These data supports the importance of the dispersal larvae by marine current and the interpopulation similarity this species. / A fauna de peixes recifais brasileiros compreende aproximadamente 320 esp?cies distribu?das ao longo da costa continental e das ilhas oce?nicas. Pouco se conhece sobre os n?veis de conectividade entre suas popula??es, embora tenha sido constante o interesse nas rela??es entre o continente e as ilhas oce?nicas brasileiras, numa perspectiva biogeogr?fica. As ilhas oce?nicas brasileiras abrigam um consider?vel n?mero de esp?cies end?micas, as quais s?o localmente abundantes, e repartem uma consider?vel por??o de sua fauna de peixes recifais com o Atl?ntico Ocidental. Entre as fam?lias de peixes recifais mais ricas em esp?cies est?o os pomacentr?deos. O presente trabalho analisou, atrav?s de an?lises de seq??ncias da regi?o controle do DNA mitocondrial (D-loop), os padr?es gen?tico-populacionais de C. multilineata em diferentes ?reas do litoral NE do Brasil, envolvendo tanto ilhas oce?nicas (Fernando de Noronha e Arquip?lago de S?o Pedro e S?o Paulo) como plataforma continental (RN e BA). Para isso, foram utilizadas seq??ncias nucleot?dicas parciais da regi?o HVR1 do MtDNA (312pb). A estrutura populacional e os par?metros para as estimativas da variabilidade gen?tica, vari?ncia molecular (AMOVA), estimativa do ?ndice de fixa??o (FST) e n?mero de migrantes foram determinados. As rela??es filogen?ticas entre as popula??es foram estimadas utilizando-se o m?todo de neighbour-joining (NJ). A an?lise de agrupamento Bayesiano foi utilizada para a verifica??o de estrutura??o populacional, segundo a freq??ncia haplot?pica de cada indiv?duo. A variabilidade gen?tica das popula??es de C. multilineata se mostrou extremamente elevada. As popula??es amostradas revelam moderada estrutura??o gen?tica, com maior grau de diverg?ncia gen?tica sendo observado para a amostra do Arquip?lago de S?o Pedro e S?o Paulo. Em menor escala geogr?fica, a amostra do Rio Grande do Norte e do Arquip?lago de Fernando de Noronha n?o apresentam diferencia??o gen?tica. Tr?s grupos populacionais moderadamente diferenciados foram identificados: um grupo populacional (I), formado pelo Rio Grande do Norte (I ) e o Arquip?lago de Fernando de Noronha (I ); e outros dois grupos distintos formados pela popula??o insular do Arquip?lago de S?o Pedro e S?o Paulo (II) e pela Bahia (III). Os padr?es gen?ticos encontrados sugerem que a esp?cie sofreu uma radia??o relativamente recente favorecendo a aus?ncia de hapl?tipos compartilhados. C. multilineata parece constituir uma popula??o relativamente homog?nea ao longo costa do Atl?ntico Ocidental com ind?cios de uma moderada estrutura??o gen?tico-populacional em rela??o ao Arquip?lago de S?o Pedro e S?o Paulo. Estes dados subsidiam a import?ncia das correntes marinhas na dispers?o de larvas e na similaridade interpopulacional desta esp?cie.