Local governments are adopting both the rhetoric and practices of market-based governance interventions. Imported into these cities are public relations and marketing tactics to sell cities to internal and external audiences alike. Public communication in these cities went from a public information focus hinging on a just-the-facts approach to a public relations and marketing focus on selling and image generation to please customers. Acute attention to image generation leads to the metaphor of municipalities presented in this research - as public relations and marketing firms. Private sector public relations (PR) and marketing firms gain results for their clients, usually in the form of consumer consumption. A city acting as a public relations and marketing firm puts priority on the image-generation potentials of nearly all its governance functions to sell a commodity to customers. To illustrate this, a six-point model was devised of PR and marketing tactics used in cities operating as public relations and marketing firms: branding, media relations, in-house publications, use of volunteers and outside organizations as PR tools, aesthetic and affective appeal, and sustainability and going green. A city using all six is a fully realized PR and marketing firm, as it adopts, adapts and executes the tactics in meaningful ways. An over-reliance on image-generation (PR and marketing) versus substance (information) pushes public organizations through Baudrillard's four phases of the image. The image of the city becomes dissociated with reality, and the government operates in a simulation of itself. This research uses Qualitative Media Analysis (Altheide, 1996) supplemented by a discourse analysis method created for this research - Baudrillardian Discourse Analysis. / Baudrillardian Discourse Analysis examines market-based, consumer-driven, postmodern language found in public organizations because of the governance changes mentioned earlier. Implications for public administration include: developing a model of organizations for other scholars to examine; introducing a discourse analysis method; and showing realizations of postmodern critiques and impacts of market models on cities. / by Staci M. Zavattaro. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2010. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2010. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

akKOORd, a community choir in the relatively small southern region of the Overberg, was formed in 2006, and although the choir has only a brief history, its spirit, activities, and concerts have inspired and touched many people. This qualitative study pays attention to aspects of the choir’s history, its performance practice and of the “web” of community members connected to and involved in its activities. Through interviews and personal notes this in-depth study provides a “micronarrative” of this choir within the “web” of the Overberg community itself. It aims to not only interpret this narrative with regard to the meaning behind actions and their symbolic importance in society, but also to explore its relevance in the broader context of current South African cultural discourse. During this research it became evident that policy makers and potential funders regard this predominantly white choir with its Western repertoire as a form of undesirable exclusivity and elitism. This study opposes such a point of view, contending instead that elitism in the form of excellence has the power to defy barriers of social standing and ethnicity, and to unite people through a collective sense of ownership.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Research in Music Johannesburg 2016 / This research explores the influence that inner city redevelopment in Johannesburg has had on both its music scenes and the identities of those participating in the music scenes, particularly young participants from Johannesburg’s suburbs who did not interact with the city before its redevelopment. Understanding the city’s history as well as the current lived and imagined divides between its suburbs and inner city illuminates its fragmented nature and informs the significance of the presence of suburban youths in today’s inner city music scenes. Personal and collective narratives gathered from participants of these inner city music scenes provide insight into the city’s spatial, social, and musical transitions, adding subjective voices to the city’s complex and ever-evolving history. The use of culture-led regeneration (within cultural clusters), as a model of redevelopment, has aided in the success of attracting new audiences to the inner city once eschewed by suburbanites, providing grounds for new experiences and interactions within an increasingly diverse social sphere. Due to this, the music’s diversity within these spaces is expanding too. The role of music – and in particular, alternative music – in enticing suburban youths to the inner city requires an understanding of why ‘alternative’ (or arguably, creative) people are often drawn to urban spaces, and in doing so, often become main contributors to the accomplishments and successes of redevelopment initiatives. Examining social interactions and relationships within the inner city, in comparison to those in suburban Johannesburg, exposes a unique and highly valued manner of communal bonding amongst participants that is often tied to involvement in similar music scenes. The experience of the inner city, the experience of music in the inner city, and the experience of a community of like-minded people within the inner city all combine to create new discourses about Johannesburg, as well as impacting on the identities and experiences of those contributing to these discourses. Transforming city. Transforming music. Transforming people. / GR2017

M.Cur. / In the black society, a family is the central unit whose unity and cohesiveness should be maintained. A nuclear family is the predominant form in the urban townships and it is marked by a family group of two generations that consists of the married couple and their children. Another form of family that is dominant is the extended family, which consists of three or more generations, staying in the same household. The extended family is seen as the sole provider of care and emotional support for newly married black women. The essence of the extended family lies in the bonds between its members ignoring the independence and needs of the newly married black women. In South Africa when black couples choose to marry they can do so under the common law or customary law. The customary law encourages payment of lobola, after which the bride (newly married black woman) will be handed over to the extended family, that is the husband's family. The newly married black women are expected to live with their husband's family, in order to learn the "newly" adopted culture of the extended family. The teaching of the new culture" is taught to the newly married woman by the mother and sister in-law. However, if the newly married black women do not follow the expected practices from the teaching of the extended family, this can have a negative effect on their body, mind and spirit. These negative effects can be a result of victimization by the extended family. To explore this problem of the newly married black women further, the researcher conducted a study on the experiences of newly married black women who live with the extended family in an urban township. The objectives of the study were to: • explore and describe the experiences of newly married women living with the extended family; and vi describe guidelines developed for advanced psychiatric nurses to facilitate the mental health of newly married black women that live with the extended family in an urban township. This study was undertaken within the framework of the Theory for Health Promotion in Nursing (Rand Afrikaans University: 2000), that has an approach that is Christian-based, and functions in an integrated bio-psycho social manner (body, mind and spirit). A functional reasoning approach based on Botes' model (2000) was followed. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used to answer the research questions. In-depth, semi-structured phenomenological interviews were conducted with newly married black women who met the sample criteria. Steps were taken throughout the research to ensure trustworthiness. To persuade the audience that the findings of this research are worth paying attention to, Guba's model for trustworthiness (Lincoln & Guba, 1989: 289) will be applied. Data analysis was done according to Tesch's (Creswell, 1994: 155) method. The results of this study indicate that newly married black women that stay with the extended family in an urban township, in this study have had various experiences such as: feelings of entrapment by cultural norms; and negative psychological effects evidenced by anger, frustration and hatred. Positive emotions like hope and determination, and the experience of support from outside the extended family were also experienced. Based on these results, guidelines were developed for advanced psychiatric nurses to facilitate the promotion of mental health of newly married women that live with the extended family in an urban township. Conclusions were drawn and recommendations were given concerning psychiatric