Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 2006. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

This study is concerned with the development of extended fluid-dynamic models for the prediction of micro-scale flows. When compared to classical fluid descriptions, such models must remain valid on scales where traditional techniques fail. Also, knowing that solution to these equations will be sought by numerical methods, the nature of the extended models must also be such that they are amenable to solution using computational techniques. Moment closures of kinetic theory offer the promise of satisfying both of these requirements. It is shown that the hyperbolic nature of moment equations imbue them with several numerical advantages including an extra order of spacial accuracy for a given reconstuction when compared to the Navier-Stokes equations and a reduced sensitivity to grid irregularities. In addition to this, the expanded set of parameters governed by the moment closures allow them to accurately model many strong non-equilibrium effects that are typical of micro-scale flows. Unfortunately, traditional moment models have suffered from various closure breakdowns, and robust models that offer a treatment for non-equilibrium viscous heat-conducting gas flows have been elusive. To address these issues, a regularized 10-moment closure is first proposed herein based on the maximum-entropy Gaussian moment closure. This mathematically well-behaved model avoids closure breakdown through a strictly hyperbolic treatment for viscous effects and an elliptic formulation that accounts for non-equilibrium thermal diffusion. Moreover, steps toward the development of fully hyperbolic moment closures for the prediction of non-equilibrium viscous gas flow are made via two novel approaches. A thorough study of each of the proposed techniques is made through numerical solution of many classical flow problems.

No description available.

A major challenge facing communities across the Province of Ontario is the provision of educational facilities for students while balancing community-planning objectives. In recent years, it has become clear that Provincial and local policies coupled with demographic and financial pressures are leading to more closures and the loss of the public resources that are local schools. In the last three years, 172 schools have been slated for closure. In addition, public outcry has grown in volume as the Accommodation Review process is cited as an unsatisfying exercise for all those involved. From a planning perspective, schools are an irreplaceable resource in a community, yet current policy structures have left planners with no power to protect public assets while school boards are limited in the ability to find creative alternative solutions to closure. Therefore, to gain a broader understanding of the policies and processes governing Accommodation Reviews, this research was guided by these key questions: • What roles do school board and provincial policies play in school closure process? • How do these policies affect the pedagogical landscape? • What is the impact of school closures on their respective communities? • How do these educational governance methods compare to community planning policies? • Can school board objectives be reconciled with community planning objectives? These questions were addressed through qualitative surveys and interviews with School Board and Municipal officials and staff. The survey was completed with 39 responses across four communities in Southwest Ontario. The survey and interviews discovered a major gap in the knowledge of local officials pertaining to the comprehensive impact of school closures. In addition, responses spurred further investigation into the policies governing school boards including funding formula and public consultation guidelines. When asked, key respondents pointed to the lack of flexibility and the poor structure of the Province’s Education funding formula as the main challenge for providing educational facilities. In addition, the lack of collaboration between local municipalities and school boards in conjunction with the lack of cohesiveness in Provincial policy mandates from the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Municipal Affairs were found to ultimately compound the problems and the frustrations associated with the Accommodation Review process. Of the School Board officials surveyed and interviewed, very few saw the need for comprehensive collaboration with municipalities and local residents. However, nearly every planner surveyed or interviewed criticized this mindset as shortsighted and myopic. This paper found that for the provision of public goods, such as education policies, there is a need to provide flexibility for the local context. Municipalities must have a role to play in the process and must collaborate with local School Boards. In addition, the Accommodation Review process is limited by outdated funding policies from the Province and lacks the public empowerment that leads to creative decision-making with involvement of the electorate.

Thesis (M.S.)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003. / Title from title screen (viewed Feb. 11, 2004). Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-108). Also issued in paper format.

This study is concerned with the development of extended fluid-dynamic models for the prediction of micro-scale flows. When compared to classical fluid descriptions, such models must remain valid on scales where traditional techniques fail. Also, knowing that solution to these equations will be sought by numerical methods, the nature of the extended models must also be such that they are amenable to solution using computational techniques. Moment closures of kinetic theory offer the promise of satisfying both of these requirements. It is shown that the hyperbolic nature of moment equations imbue them with several numerical advantages including an extra order of spacial accuracy for a given reconstuction when compared to the Navier-Stokes equations and a reduced sensitivity to grid irregularities. In addition to this, the expanded set of parameters governed by the moment closures allow them to accurately model many strong non-equilibrium effects that are typical of micro-scale flows. Unfortunately, traditional moment models have suffered from various closure breakdowns, and robust models that offer a treatment for non-equilibrium viscous heat-conducting gas flows have been elusive. To address these issues, a regularized 10-moment closure is first proposed herein based on the maximum-entropy Gaussian moment closure. This mathematically well-behaved model avoids closure breakdown through a strictly hyperbolic treatment for viscous effects and an elliptic formulation that accounts for non-equilibrium thermal diffusion. Moreover, steps toward the development of fully hyperbolic moment closures for the prediction of non-equilibrium viscous gas flow are made via two novel approaches. A thorough study of each of the proposed techniques is made through numerical solution of many classical flow problems.

A major challenge facing communities across the Province of Ontario is the provision of educational facilities for students while balancing community-planning objectives. In recent years, it has become clear that Provincial and local policies coupled with demographic and financial pressures are leading to more closures and the loss of the public resources that are local schools. In the last three years, 172 schools have been slated for closure. In addition, public outcry has grown in volume as the Accommodation Review process is cited as an unsatisfying exercise for all those involved. From a planning perspective, schools are an irreplaceable resource in a community, yet current policy structures have left planners with no power to protect public assets while school boards are limited in the ability to find creative alternative solutions to closure. Therefore, to gain a broader understanding of the policies and processes governing Accommodation Reviews, this research was guided by these key questions: • What roles do school board and provincial policies play in school closure process? • How do these policies affect the pedagogical landscape? • What is the impact of school closures on their respective communities? • How do these educational governance methods compare to community planning policies? • Can school board objectives be reconciled with community planning objectives? These questions were addressed through qualitative surveys and interviews with School Board and Municipal officials and staff. The survey was completed with 39 responses across four communities in Southwest Ontario. The survey and interviews discovered a major gap in the knowledge of local officials pertaining to the comprehensive impact of school closures. In addition, responses spurred further investigation into the policies governing school boards including funding formula and public consultation guidelines. When asked, key respondents pointed to the lack of flexibility and the poor structure of the Province’s Education funding formula as the main challenge for providing educational facilities. In addition, the lack of collaboration between local municipalities and school boards in conjunction with the lack of cohesiveness in Provincial policy mandates from the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Municipal Affairs were found to ultimately compound the problems and the frustrations associated with the Accommodation Review process. Of the School Board officials surveyed and interviewed, very few saw the need for comprehensive collaboration with municipalities and local residents. However, nearly every planner surveyed or interviewed criticized this mindset as shortsighted and myopic. This paper found that for the provision of public goods, such as education policies, there is a need to provide flexibility for the local context. Municipalities must have a role to play in the process and must collaborate with local School Boards. In addition, the Accommodation Review process is limited by outdated funding policies from the Province and lacks the public empowerment that leads to creative decision-making with involvement of the electorate.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [84]-89).

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2000. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 48 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-39).

Thesis (D. Min.)--McCormick Theological Seminary, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references.