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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Estimates of association between cognitive complexity levels and creativity levels of field grade military officers : an exploratory study of the relationship /

Clark, Chadwick W. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ed. D.)--Kansas State University, 2008. / "This is an authorized facsimile, made from the microfilm master copy of the original dissertation or master thesis published by UMI" -- p.5 of cover. Includes bibliographical references. UMI Dissertation Services, 2008; Available on microfilm ; Also available as a PDF file on-line at http://hdl.handle.net/2097/858 -- web page checked 17 Sept. 2009. 3325634.
12

Cognitive processing characteristics in obsessive-compulsive disorder subtypes : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Canterbury /

O'Leary, Emily Marie McHugh. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Canterbury, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 256-326). Also available via the World Wide Web.
13

"It's just you're battling with yourself" : how pain-related imagery impacts on functioning in chronic pain

Rooney, Natalie Therese January 2013 (has links)
Background: Psychological research has consistently demonstrated the importance of cognitions in the form of thoughts and images on an individual’s wellbeing. Having pain-related verbal cognitions has been shown to lead to poorer outcomes for patients (McCracken & Turk, 2002). Research in other conditions has shown mental images have a more powerful impact on emotion than verbal cognitions (Holmes & Matthews, 2005). To date however, little work has explored the role of mental imagery in adjustment to chronic pain. Methods Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals with chronic pain. Interview transcripts were analysed according to grounded theory methods to construct a substantive theory of the impact spontaneously-invoked images of pain have on functioning. Results Eight participants reported pain-related imagery and three reported mental images associated with related symptoms. In line with previous findings (Gillanders et al., 2012; Gosden, 2008) the frequency and intensity of pain-related images influenced the degree of distress experienced. There was a distinction made between intrusive mental images and visual descriptions or metaphors of pain. The former being conceptualised as a visual cognition and playing a role in the aetiology and maintenance of distress in chronic pain and therefore an adverse impact on functioning. Conclusion Enhancing our understanding of pain related imagery and its impact on functioning could inform the design of interventions in clinical practice. Working systematically with patients’ idiosyncratic pain related images and the beliefs that are associated with them could be a helpful specific target for therapy.
14

Situation awareness and working memory : an integration of an applied concept with a fundamental cognitive process /

Jóhannsdóttir, Kamilla Rún, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 187-212). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.
15

Does the mind leak? : on Andy Clark's extended cognition hypothesis and its critics : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Philosophy /

Peters, Uwe. January 2009 (has links)
Theses (M.A.)--University of Canterbury, 2009. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-103). Also available via the World Wide Web.
16

Impact of Attention on Perception in Cognitive Dynamic Systems

Amiri, Ashkan 30 September 2014 (has links)
The proposed aim of this thesis, inspired by the human brain, is to improve on the performance of a perceptual processing algorithm, referred to as a “perceptor”. This is done by trying to bridge the gap between neuroscience and engineering. To this end, we build on localized perception-action cycle in cognitive neuroscience by categorizing it under the umbrella of perceptual attention, which lends itself to increase gradually the contrast between relevant information and irrelevant information. Stated in another way, irrelevant information is filtered away while relevant information about the environment is enhanced from one cycle to the next. Accordingly, we propose to improve on the performance of a perceptor by modifying it to operate under the influence of perceptual attention. For this purpose, we first start with a single-layered perceptor and investigate the impact of perceptual attention on its performance through two computer experiments: The first experiment uses simulated (real-valued) data that are generated to purposely make the problem challenging. The second experiment uses real-life radar data that are complex-valued, hence the proposal to introduce Wirtinger calculus into derivation of our proposed method. We then take one step further and extend our proposed method to the case where a perceptor is hierarchical. In this context, every constitutive component of a hierarchical perceptor is modified to operate under the influence of perceptual attention. Then, another experiment is carried out to demonstrate the positive impact of perceptual attention on the performance of that hierarchical perceptor, just described. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
17

The ritualistic child : imitation, affiliation, and the ritual stance in human development

Watson-Jones, Rachel January 2013 (has links)
Researchers have long argued that ritual plays a crucial role in marking social identities and binding individuals together in a system of shared actions and beliefs. The psychological processes underlying how and why ritual promotes group bonding and influences in- and out-group biases have not yet been fully elucidated. The research presented in this thesis was designed to examine the social and cognitive developmental underpinnings of conventional/ ritualistic behavior. Because learning cultural conventions is essential for participation in group behavior and for signaling group membership and commitment, I propose that conventional/ ritualistic learning is motivated by a drive to affiliate. Experiment 1 investigated the affiliative nature of ritualistic learning by examining the effects of third-party ostracism on imitation of an instrumental versus ritual action sequence and prosocial behavior. Individuals who do not participate in shared group conventions often face the threat of ostracism from the group. Given that attempting re-inclusion is an established response to ostracism, I predicted that the threat of ostracism increases affiliative motivations and thus will increase imitative fidelity, especially in the context of conventional learning. Experiment 2 examined the effects of first-person ostracism in the context of in- and out-groups on children’s imitation of a ritualistic action sequence and pro-social behavior. I predicted that the experience of ostracism by an in-group versus an out-group has important implications for the construal of social exclusion and affiliative behavior. I hypothesized that children would be motivated to re-affiliate by imitating the model and acting pro-socially towards the group, especially when ostracized by in-group members. Based on the findings of this research and insight from anthropology, and social and developmental psychology, I will present a picture of how children acquire the conventions of their group and how these conventions influence social group cognition.
18

PHARMACOGENETIQUE DE LA SCHIZOPHRENIE

Hamdani, Nora 18 October 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Depuis la découverte, fruit du hasard des neuroleptiques pour traiter la schizophrénie, de nombreuses molécules ont été développées pour une meilleure tolérance et une meilleure efficacité. Toutefois, bien avant la prescription de ces molécules, à l'essence même de la pathologie, le concept de résistance a été évoqué. La variabilité interindividuelle de réponse aux antipsychotiques des sujets schizophrènes a pu être ainsi conceptualisée grâce à des échelles spécifiques d'évaluation. Il apparait que ces sujets non répondeurs se caractérisent par une symptomatologie clinique plus bruyante qui n'est pas toujours évaluée de manière spécifique par ce type d'échelles. Les psychotropes empruntent des voies bien définies et il est reconnu que les effets physiologiques et biochimiques de ces substances sont soumis à certaines influences. Ainsi, le type d'alimentation, l'alcool et le tabac sont autant de facteurs extrinsèques influant la réponse aux traitements tandis que l'âge, le sexe, le poids ou d'autres facteurs physiopathologiques (incluant les facteurs héréditaires) sont d'importants facteurs intrinsèques. L'hypothèse d'un sous bassement génétique de la schizophrénie est étayé par plusieurs travaux comme les études épidémiologiques, de liaison génétique et des gènes candidats. Toutefois, l'hétérogénéité phénotypique de la maladie amène à des résultats variables. De fait, le cloisonnement phénotypique à la non réponse aux antipsychotiques chez les patients schizophrènes, pourrait être contributif à ce type d'approche. La pharmacogénétique se base sur les connaissances pharmacologiques des antipsychotiques et des gènes candidats des récepteurs cibles de ces molécules. Se basant sur l'hypothèse sérotoninergique de la schizophrénie et le tropisme préférentiel des antipsychotiques atypiques pour le récepteur sérotoninergique 5-HT2A, les premières études dans ce domaine ont testé la qualité de la réponse à la clozapine avec les polymorphismes T102C -1438A/G de la région promotrice et du gène du récepteur 5-HT2A. On peut toutefois noter l'inconsistance des résultats. L'hétérogénéité phénotypique de la maladie pourrait, au travers de symptômes cliniques, souligner ces différences. Par exemple, les symptômes négatifs dont la constance au cours de la maladie et l'association avec une moins bonne réponse thérapeutique sont reconnus. Notre hypothèse était que la disparité des résultats des études pharmacogénétiques testant le gène du récepteur 5-HT2A était liée à l'interférence des symptômes négatifs eux-mêmes sous influence génétique. Nous avons donc choisi de tester le polymorphisme -1438A/G de la région promotrice du gène codant pour le récepteur 5-HT2A et la réponse aux antipsychotiques, évaluant de manière parallèle les variables cliniques pouvant aggraver la réponse aux traitements. Dans ce premier travail, nous avons constaté que les sujets mauvais répondeurs se définissent surtout par la gravité des symptômes négatifs. Nous ne retrouvons pas d'association positive entre le polymorphisme génétique -1438A/G et la réponse aux antipsychotiques atypiques. Toutefois, l'allèle A et le génotype AA semblent être significativement associés à l'intensité des symptômes négatifs intervenant ainsi comme potentiel facteur confusionnant dans les études pharmacogénétiques testant le récepteur 5-HT2A. Les théories dopaminergiques et sérotoninergiques dans la schizophrénie ont été enrichies d'autres hypothèses pharmacologiques comme l'implication des systèmes adrénergiques, histaminiques, muscariniques ou cannabinoides. Plusieurs arguments permettaient d'envisager le gène du récepteur CB1 comme potentiellement impliqué dans la réponse médicamenteuse chez les patients schizophrènes. La plupart des études épidémiologiques montrent que les patients schizophrènes consomment jusqu'à deux fois plus de cannabis que dans la population générale. Les études post mortem réalisées chez les patients schizophrènes montrent une augmentation de la densité de ces récepteurs au niveau du cortex préfrontal dorsolatéral et cela de manière indépendante à la consommation récente de cannabis. La localisation cérébrale des récepteurs CB1, leur rôle interactif avec d'autres neurotransmetteurs en particulier la dopamine ou le glutamate ont permis d'envisager l'hypothèse endocannabinoide de la schizophrénie. Le gène du récepteur CB1 est localisé sur la région chromosomique 6q14-15, une région potentiellement impliquée dans la schizophrénie. Dans un second travail, nous avons analysé le polymorphisme 1359G/A du récepteur CB1 (étant donné sa caractéristique de tag-SNP) dans la réponse aux antipsychotiques. Parallèlement, nous avons choisi de tester trois autres polymorphismes couvrant environ 14kb du gène du CB1. Nous trouvons une association significative entre l'allèle G et la mauvaise réponse aux antipsychotiques mais pas d'association avec la maladie. Les travaux de recherche en pharmacogénétique semblent pertinents dans la prédiction de la qualité de la réponse aux traitements chez les patients schizophrènes. Dans la mesure où les mécanismes d'actions des antipsychotiques sont connus, il semble aisé de tester les gènes des récepteurs cibles dans la prédiction de la réponse médicamenteuse. Ce type d'approche pourrait être contributive comme outil complémentaire au psychiatre afin d'améliorer le confort des patients à travers une meilleure compliance.
19

Transfer and the fuzzy-trace theory

Massey, M. Ryan. January 1900 (has links)
Title from title page of PDF (University of Missouri--St. Louis, viewed February 24, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-30).
20

Cognition and self-management in type 2 diabetes in the older person

Tomlin, Alexandra Elizabeth January 2011 (has links)
Cognition and Self-Management in Type 2 diabetes in the older person was studied using neuropsychological evaluation and self-management assessments. Type 2 diabetes is increasing in prevalence, erodes quality of life, and places significant burden on healthcare services. The condition is largely self-managed, requiring daily performance of a variety of tasks. Impaired cognition has been associated with Type 2 diabetes, particularly in those who have had diabetes for longer or are older. It is unknown whether such changes in cognition seen in Type 2 diabetes affect the ability to self-manage the condition; the few studies that have been conducted in this area have shown little consensus in focus, methodology, or results. This thesis aimed to investigate any links between cognitive impairment and diabetes self management skills in an older population with Type 2 diabetes, by determining assessment schedules for both selfmanagement and cognition in this population and searching for associations between the two. Literature review, questionnaire and focus group studies pointed towards four main components of diabetes selfmanagement; diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, motivation, and diabetesspecific problem solving abilities. A theoretical framework emerged from this analysis; Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory provides a context for the interaction of environment, society and cognitions in health behaviours. A systematic review found several associations between self-management skills and abilities, and global and individual areas of cognition, including links between executive function and memory, and diabetes knowledge, insulin skills, adherence to medications, missed appointments, and decreased frequency of self-care activities. A further clinical study identified several associations including visual and working memory, and reaction times, with diabetes knowledge. Future studies with larger sample sizes might revisit these associations. Clinical implications include the need for routine cognitive assessment in an older population with Type 2 diabetes; interventions might include checking medication adherence, diabetes knowledge, and referral to support groups.

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