Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2017-03-22T17:52:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO APROVADA final 2.pdf: 1574842 bytes, checksum: 39509b4e3331d9ab65863461ea6b07b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T17:52:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO APROVADA final 2.pdf: 1574842 bytes, checksum: 39509b4e3331d9ab65863461ea6b07b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-26 / A perda auditiva senil é denominada presbiacusia, processo degenerativo da orelha interna inerente ao envelhecimento que gera uma perda auditiva neurossensorial bilateral simétrica, cuja intensidade é variável. Estudos já demonstraram que a perda auditiva é um fator independentemente associado à aceleração do declínio cognitivo. Contudo, a capacidade de estratégias de reabilitação auditiva, como o implante coclear (IC), de desacelerar ou melhorar o desempenho cognitivo de idosos permanece desconhecida. Este estudo objetiva avaliar o desempenho cognitivo de idosos usuários de prótese auditiva convencional ou implantada. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, tipo série de casos, que selecionou dez idosos implantados nos serviços credenciados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), para tal procedimento no estado de Pernambuco, e os avaliou através da aplicação do mini-exame do estado mental. Foi selecionado, ainda, um segundo grupo de dez idosos portadores de perda auditiva e usuários de próteses auditivas (AASI). Os valores absolutos do mini-exame do estado mental (MEEM) por indivíduo foram maiores no grupo usuário de IC, e quando considerados os pontos de corte por nível de escolaridade, esse grupo manteve melhor desempenho cognitivo do que o grupo usuário de AASI, independente do grau de intensidade da perda auditiva (p = 0,003). Desta forma, o atual estudo corrobora com as evidências que sugerem o possível impacto positivo do implante coclear no desempenho cognitivo de idosos. / Aging related hearing loss is known as presbycusis, an inner ear degenerative process which generates a symmetrical bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, whose intensity is variable. Studies have shown that hearing loss is independently associated with accelerated cognitive decline. However, the ability of hearing rehabilitation strategies, as the cochlear implant (CI), to improve cognitive performance of the elderly remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the cognitive performance of elderly users of conventional hearing aids or cochlear implants. This is a cross-sectional study which selected ten elderly individuals submited to cochlear implantation in services accredited by the Health Unic System (SUS) for such procedure in the the state of Pernambuco, and evaluated them by applying the mini-mental state examination. It was still selected a second group of ten elderly individuals with hearing loss and users of hearing aids (HA). The absolute values of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) by individual were higher in the cochlear implant group and when considering the cutoff points by level of education this group maintained better cognitive performance than the group of hearing aids users regardless of the degree of their hearing loss (p = 0,003). Thus, the current study corroborates the evidence that suggests the possible positive impact of cochlear implants on cognitive performance in the elderly.

The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between mental, physical, and social activity, and episodic memory (EM) of cognitively intact older persons. The specific aims were (a) to describe the relationship between EM and mental, physical, and social activity, (b) to describe the role of gender, marital status, and race on EM, (c) to describe the moderating effects of each activity on the relationship between each of the remaining two activities and EM, and (d) to describe the moderating effects of gender, marital status, and race on the relationship between each activity and EM. Two theoretical frameworks: Cognitive Reserve Theory (Stern, 2002) and Theory of Nursing as Caring (Boykin & Schoenhofer, 1993) guided the study. This study was designed as a correlational and retrospective secondary analysis of data sets from the Health and Retirement Study. The sample consisted of 3,903 cognitively intact persons who were 50 years and older and completed immediate and delayed recall tests in the 2016 HRS and the 2015 Consumptions and Activities Mail Survey. Descriptive statistics included the means for age: 67 (SD 9.54), education:13.85 (SD 5.89), and total cognition 16.86 (SD 3.11). The sample was predominantly Caucasian (78.3%), female (59.8%), and married (60.9%). / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2020. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection