Thesis--Wisconsin. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-134).

Diss.--Wittenberg (J.C. Franke, respondent). / Reproduction of original from Kress Library of Business and Economics, Harvard University. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 09910.25. Electronic Reproduction.

Diss.--Wittenberg (J.C. Franke, respondent). / Reproduction of original from Kress Library of Business and Economics, Harvard University. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 09910.25.

This paper attempts to explore the potential cultural role of the bull as a numismatic motif in Magna Graecia from the Archaic to the Classical Period, focusing on how the bull associates with the cultural and political identities of different groups. It starts from the reverted bull of Sybaris, discussing the link between the bull and the collective Sybarite identity in the region through analyzing archeological, numismatic, and literary evidence. The paper then explores the cultural significance of various alterations of the bull in communities succeeding Sybaris after 510 BCE. This provides us a glimpse concerning how the Sybarites, after losing the city, understanding the Sybarite identity. The paper further turns to the butting bull, which became a constant emblem of a new political entity, Thurium. Regardless of the possible Sybarite influence, the butting bull seems to specifically link with the mercenary group. This link was further consolidated at the end of the fifth century when this type spread and rooted in Sicily with the establishment of mercenary settlements. This paper examines the distribution of the butting in Sicily from the end of the fifth century to the middle of the fourth century and discusses how this motif may link with the mercenary in each site. But gradually, the militaristic character of the butting bull was diluted as the mercenary settlement developed into a more proper state. In general, the bull as a numismatic type experienced a dynamic process of changes. These changes do not merely refer to stylistic and ichnographic change, but also the change in its cultural implications. It is thus a barometer reflecting the self-identification of diverse population groups and the interactions of various communities in Magna Graecia. I appreciate the help and concern from my committee members and my families, without which I cannot finish this paper. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

No description available.

A database containing information on over 35,000 coins from sites in southern Britain was established. This was used to investigate chronological and geographical distributions of fourth century Roman coinage in Britain, and the role of coins in archaeological dating. The regularity of finds supports a view of official supply policy as the principal determinant of the coins used, deposited and subsequently recovered. Throughout the fourth century, Britain received supplies of bronze from up to three mints of which one was always the primary source. One or two secondary sources supplemented this, particularly at times of major new issues. The few finds from other mints represent material that arrived through circulation and exchange. The only clear geographical variation Was after 388AD when new issues failed to circulate extensively beyond the towns. Variations between sites are related to differences in coin using and depositing practices. Three groups of sites were recognised: towns and larger settlements, villas and rural buildings, and temples. Differences between these are most apparent after 350AD when circulation and use underwent significant changes in the rural areas. Typical excavations of rural buildings produce few coins, probably representing accidental losses. On some sites casual loss accounts for only a small proportion of the recovered material. Here, votive deposition, rubbish disposal and non-recovery of hoards are the major sources of finds. A study of the stratified material reinforces the need for caution in using coins for dating, and has important implications for the use of coins in archaeological dating. Residuality and lengthy circulation severely limit inferences about the dates of deposition of the contexts in which coins are found. Throughout the fourth century, and probably also earlier, most coins were deposited within a few decades of their issue. Unfortunately for the archaeologist in search of a date for a deposit, examples of primary deposition are greatly outnumbered by residual and re-deposited material.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Johns Hopkins University.

Thesis--Copenhagen. / At head of title: J. Wilcke.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-199).