Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2008. / Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Minerals and Energy. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 271-286)

by Wong Chun Wing = 銀膠媒介內結晶紫的表面增強共振拉曼散射研究 / 黃振榮. / Thesis submitted in: December 2004. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-79). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / by Wong Chun Wing = Yin jiao mei jie nei jie jing zi de biao mian zeng qiang gong zhen la man san she yan jiu / Huang Zhenrong. / Abstract --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.2 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Experimental Setup --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Raman probe --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2 --- Spectrophotometer for absorption spectra --- p.7 / Chapter 2.3 --- TEM and AFM --- p.8 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Sample Preparation --- p.9 / Chapter 3.1 --- Chemicals --- p.9 / Chapter 3.2 --- Silver Colloid --- p.9 / Chapter 3.3 --- Slide Coated with Silver Colloid --- p.10 / Chapter 3.4 --- Sampling Probe --- p.10 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Results and Discussion --- p.12 / Chapter 4.1 --- Dependence of SERRS on CV Concentration --- p.12 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Resonant Raman spectra of CV --- p.12 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- TEM Images of Ag Colloid --- p.17 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- SERRS at different CV Concentrations in Solution --- p.20 / Chapter 4.2 --- Dependence of CV SERRS on Ag Concentration --- p.36 / Chapter 4.3 --- Dependence of CV SERRS on NaCl Concentration --- p.42 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- UV-VIR Absorption Spectra of NaCl added Ag Colloid --- p.42 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Dependence on NaCl Concentration --- p.49 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusions --- p.64 / Appendix A / Chapter A.1(part A) --- Estimation of the Number Density of Colloidal Ag Particles --- p.66 / Chapter A.1(part B) --- Estimation of CV Concentration needed for Monolayer Coverage on Ag colloids --- p.67 / Chapter A.2 --- Assignments of Crystal Violet (CV) Vibrational Modes --- p.69 / Appendix B Estimation of the Probed Volume of the Microscope Objective --- p.70 / Appendix C Estimation of the Effective Molar Absorption Coefficient (α) of CV --- p.71 / References --- p.74

Orientadores: Francisco das Chagas Marques, Carlos Lenz César / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-29T22:06:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VillegasBorrero_NelsonFabian_M.pdf: 7427305 bytes, checksum: 95d120bd4cca81a54f7e8af57dfd2ab5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Neste trabalho foram fabricadas nanopartículas metálicas de prata (NPsM de Ag) em soluções coloidais usando a técnica de ablação à laser. Parâmetros como o comprimento de onda do laser, energia do pulso e a taxa de repetição afetam a distribuição de tamanho das NPsM. Assim, neste trabalho estudamos a influência destes parâmetros sobre o tamanho das NPsM de Ag. Para isto foi feita uma montagem experimantal na qual um alvo de prata é imerso em um líquido e irradiado por um pulso de laser de Nd:YAG para criar soluções coloidais. Foi encontrada uma variação dos picos de absorção entre = 394nm e = 405nm. Segundo a previsão da teoria de Gustav Mie, as variações nos picos tem a ver com a variação na distribuição de tamanhos. Para comprovar estes resultados foi feita uma estimativa do tamanho médio das NPsM de Ag usando a análise de imagens tomadas com o Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura (MEV) e a técnica de Espalhamento Dinâmico da Luz (DLS). O espectro experimental e a teoria de Gustav Mie (simulação feita usando o software mathematica) encontram-se em concordância. As NPsM produzidas foram usadas para medir o efeito de aumento no sinal Raman em superfícies (SERS) encontrando-se que o sinal do espalhamento Raman de corantes usados em diferentes pesquisas (Rodâmina B e N719) aumenta com o uso das NPsM / Abstract: In this work we fabricated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in colloidal solutions with specific sizes. Parameters like laser wavelength, pulse energy and pulse repetition rate affect the distribution of NPs size. In this work we studied the influence of these parameters on the size of Ag NPs. For that purpose we mount a set-up in which a silver target was immersed in liquid and irradiated by Nd:YAG pulsed laser to create different colloids. We found that the absorption peak of these colloids lays between 394nm and 405nm. We estimated a mean size of Ag NPs from images taken by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Dynamic Ligth Scattering (DLS). The calculated absorption spectra and simulation through Gustav Mie theory (Simulated in Matthemathica software) were in good agreement. The produced NPs were used in Enhacement Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) measurements, finding that the signal of Rhodamina B and N719 Dyes increases using these NPsM / Mestrado / Física / Mestre em Física / 1247650/2013 / CAPES

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Fernando Carlos Giacomelli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnociência, 2017. / O metal nobre prata (Ag) possui conhecidamente ação antimicrobiana contra uma variada gama de bactérias e fungos. Neste trabalho, foi sintetizada com êxito prata coloidal utilizando-se polímeros aminados que atuaram simultaneamente como agente redutor e estabilizante. Os coloides produzidos em meio contendo os polímeros aminados BPEI, PVP e PEO-b-P2VP foram caracterizados utilizando-se as técnicas de espalhamento de luz dinâmico (DLS), estático (SLS) e eletroforético (ELS), microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM), espectroscopia UV-Vis e espalhamento de raios-X a baixo ângulo (SAXS). Os dados de espalhamento de luz mostram que as AgNPs obtidas em meio contendo BPEI são as menores (RH ~ 30 nm) seguidas de PVP (RH ~ 40 nm) e PEO-b-P2VP (RH ~ 55 nm). A dimensão dos nanocolóides depende da massa molecular do polímero estabilizante, onde como esperado, quanto menor a massa molecular do estabilizante, menor é a dimensão total do sistema híbrido. Os dados de TEM mostraram que o núcleo metálico de Ag0 é substancialmente menor que a dimensão total dos agregados sugerindo que os coloides são estabilizados por uma espessa coroa polimérica. Medidas de potencial zeta mostraram que as AgNPs possuem carga superficial positiva quando estabilizadas por BPEI, negativa quando estabilizadas por PVP a neutra quando o estabilizante é o PEO-b-P2VP. Os perfis cinéticos monitorados através de espectroscopia UV-Vis sugerem que os nanomateriais são produzidos através de um processo autocatalítico em que a velocidade de reação depende da quantidade de átomos de nitrogênio disponíveis por unidade de massa de polímero. Os dados obtidos ainda sugerem que o tempo de indução não afeta o tamanho dos núcleos metálicos que possuem dimensão similar, embora tenha sido observada uma elevada polidispersão de tamanhos. Ensaios biológicos foram realizados com o objetivo de verificar o efeito antimicrobiano dos diferentes coloides produzidos. Os resultados mostraram que as nanopartículas recobertas com PVP e PEO-b-P2VP apresentaram atividade bactericida e fungicida em concentrações a partir de 0,5 ppm. Nesta concentração os coloides não são tóxicos a células de mamíferos e eritrócitos conforme avaliado por ensaio de MTT e atividade hemolítica. Por outro lado, nanopartículas recobertas com BPEI não mostraram atividade bactericida e fungicida. / The noble silver metal (Ag) has known antimicrobial action against a wide range of bacteria and fungi. In this work, colloidal silver was successfully synthesized using amino polymers that simultaneously acted as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The colloids produced in the medium containing the BPEI, PVP and PEO-b-P2VP amine polymers were characterized using dynamic scattering (DLS), static (SLS) and electrophoretic (ELS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM ), UV-Vis spectroscopy and low-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Light scattering data show that AgNPs obtained on BPEI-containing medium are the lowest (RH ~ 30 nm) followed by PVP (RH ~ 40 nm) and PEO-b-P2VP (RH ~ 55 nm). The size of the nanocolloids depends on the molecular weight of the stabilizing polymer, where as expected the lower the molecular weight of the stabilizer, the smaller the overall size of the hybrid system. The TEM data showed that the metal core of Ag0 is substantially less than the total size of the aggregates suggesting that the colloids are stabilized by a thick polymeric crown. Potential zeta measurements showed that the AgNPs have a positive surface charge when stabilized by BPEI, negative when stabilized by PVP to neutral when the stabilizer is PEO-b-P2VP. The kinetic profiles monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy suggest that the nanomaterials are produced through an autocatalytic process in which the reaction rate depends on the amount of available nitrogen atoms per unit mass of polymer. The data obtained still suggest that the induction time does not affect the size of metallic cores having similar size, although a high polydispersity of sizes has been observed. Biological assays were performed with the objective of verifying the antimicrobial effect of the different colloids produced. The results showed that the nanoparticles coated with PVP and PEO-b-P2VP showed bactericidal and fungicidal activity at concentrations of 0.5 ppm. At this concentration the colloids are non-toxic to mammalian cells and erythrocytes as assessed by MTT assay and hemolytic activity. On the other hand, nanoparticles coated with BPEI showed no bactericidal and fungicidal activity.

No description available.

No description available.

Master’s thesis deals with synthesis of anatase and its anion doping by carbo-nitridation. Prepared samples were used for testing of the photocatalytic activity. Low-temperature anatase was synthesized at 80 °C for 6 hours and carbo-nitridatation was carried out in ammonia/tetrachloromethane atmosphere at 500 °C for 3 hours. The influence of silver content on low-temperature crystallization of anatase was studied by reaction of titanium tetraisopropoxide with water. Silver nanoparticles were prepared by reduction of silver nitrate by D-glukose and sodium citrate. One of the results is the draft for one-pot synthesis of anatase by titanium tetraisopropoxide with complexing agent (sodium citrate, ammonium citrate, citric acid). The study of photocatalysis water splitting was carried out in the presence of 20 % vol. of methanol. Anatase prepared with citric acid has the highest photocatalytic activity (Pt 0,5 %) in UV/VIS spectral region. The activity achieved 38,6 % effectiveness of TiO2 standard (Degussa P25). Doping by nitrogen didn’t lead to increase of photocatalytic activity.

Surfactant bound stable colloids of Au, Ag, and Pd were prepared by the solvated Metal Atom Dispersion (SMAD) method, a method involving co-condensation of metal and solvent vapors on the walls of a reactor at 77 k. The as=prepared dodecanethiol-capped Au and Ag colloids consisting of polydisperse nanoparticles were transformed into colloids consisting of highly monodisperse nanoparticles by the digestive ripening process. In the case of Pd colloids, digestive ripening led to the formation of thiolate complexes. The [Pd(SC12H25)2]6 complex formed from the dodecanethiol-capped Pd nanoparticles was found to be a versatile precursor for the synthesis of a variety of Pd nanophases such as Pd(0), PdS, and Pd@PdO by soventless thermolysis. Co-digestive ripening of as-prepared dodecanethiol-capped Au or Ag colloids with Pd colloid resulted in Au@Pd and Ag@Pd core-shell nanoparticles, respectively; attempts to transform the core-shell structures into alloy phases even at high temperatures were unsuccessful. Phosphine-capped Au nanoparticles were also prepared by the SMAD method and refluxing of this colloid resulted in an Ostwald ripening process rather than the expected digestive ripening due to the labile nature of bound PPh3. The labile nature of the bound phosphine was studied using 31P NMR spectroscopy and utilized in the adsorption of CO. Palladium nanoparticles obtained from the SMAD Pd-butanone colloids and Pd@PdO nanoparticles prepared by the solventless thermolysis of Pd-dodecanethiolate complex were found to be good catalysts for the generation of H2 from AB via either hydrolysis and methanolysis. The active hydrogen atoms produced during the hydrolysis and methanolysis diffuse into the Pd lattice. It was also noticed that hydrogen atoms that were buried deep inside the Pd lattice cannot be removed completely by heating the sample even at 600°C. Wet chemical reduction method was employed for the synthesis of PVP capped, nearly monodisperse, spherical Ir nanoparticles which undergo a polymer driven self-assembly at 80°C to afford rectangular structures and interlinked particles.