This essay, as the title suggests, traces the ideological development of the Soviet conception of 'peaceful coexistence' from the October revolution of 1917 to the present. It is limited to an analytical and historical study of the Soviet doctrine, ignoring the Yugoslav and Chinese versions of the same doctrine. As a consequence the research material has been confined wherever possible to Russian sources. The essay is organized into seven chapters. Chapter I is concerned with introductory material outlining Marx's law of capital accumulation', Lenin's 'law of unequal development', and Trotsky's 'law of continuous development'. An attempt is made to show that 'peaceful coexistence' is a marked departure from the earlier Marxian theories of revolutions. Chapter two traces the development of peaceful coexistence from 1917 to 1922. First used by Bukharin to attack Lenin's 'breathing-space' tactic, peaceful coexistence by 1920 had become firmly linked with-the Soviet government and its reluctance to attempt a trial of armed strength with the West. By 1922 peaceful co-existence was used, on the one hand, to justify Soviet abandonment of its military commitment to the proletariat abroad, and, on the other, to gain respectibility and equality for the Soviet Union at international conferences. Chapter III outlines the brief period between 1923 and 1927 during which peaceful coexistence underwent a change of name from mirnoe sozhitel'stvo to mirnoe sosushchestvovanie marking a hardening of Soviet attitude towards the West as communist military and economic strength increased. Chapter IV chronicles the period before the war (1928-39) during which peaceful coexistence degenerated as an ideology, serving first as justification for Soviet industrialization and finally as a tool to assure Russia's exclusion from the impending war. Chapter V covers the period 1940 to 1955. It traces the re-establishment of orthodox marxist doctrine, and the revival of 'peaceful coexistence' as a tactical means to allay the fears of the West. Its tremendous ideological development during the Malenkov interregnum and its crucial connection with the Indian pancha shila resulted in its transformation from an ideology of disengagement and isolation to a revolutionary doctrine equal, if not superior, to the pre-revolutionary Marxian theories of revolution. Chapter Six is a synthesis of development between the XX Party Congress of 1956 and the present. After a survey of the period the fully-developed basic theory of peaceful coexistence as a great revolutionary idea is outlined. Against this background are viewed the Soviet conceptions of morality, war, the class struggle, proletarian internationalism, revolution and counter-revolution, international law, the ideological struggle, and competition and collaboration. From this analysis an attempt is made to synthesis the real principles of peaceful coexistence. Chapter VII is a concluding chapter in which peaceful coexistence is presented as a moral, challenge to the West. This moral aspect is radical reinterpretation of the economic viewpoint of Marx and the political and military conceptions of Lenin and Trotsky. Peaceful coexistence is presented as a moral dilemma for the West to solve. The notes have been placed at the end of each chapter. The bibliography follows the notes to chapter VII. The translations of Russian texts, unless otherwise stated, have been made by the author. / Arts, Faculty of / Central Eastern Northern European Studies, Department of / Graduate

張慧真 = The changing hero models : .. / 稿本影印本 / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學, 1991. / Gao ben yin ying ben. / Includes bibliographical references: leaves 17-27 (last group) / Zhang Huizhen = The changing hero models : .. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1991. / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 / Chapter 甲 --- 「英雄模範」與 「理想人格」的涵義 --- p.2 / Chapter 乙 --- 傳統中國社會與英雄模範的關係 --- p.4 / Chapter 丙 --- 當代中國社會與英雄模範的關係 --- p.13 / Chapter 丁 --- 小結 --- p.23 / Chapter 第二章 --- 研究觀念和問題的闡釋 / Chapter 甲 --- 「自我」概念的界說 --- p.25 / Chapter 乙 --- 「角色」理論的界說──角色和角色叢的概念 --- p.38 / Chapter 丙 --- 「象徵互重理論」──自我意義的詮釋 --- p.41 / Chapter 丁 --- 「顯著價值取向」的界說──價值賦予者與受惠者的關係分類 --- p.44 / Chapter 戊 --- 「自我」概念分析架構的整合 --- p.46 / Chapter 已 --- 研究問題的界說 --- p.53 / Chapter 第三章 --- 研究設計 / Chapter 甲 --- 研究意義和目的 --- p.54 / Chapter 乙 --- 研究範疇 --- p.56 / Chapter 丙 --- 研究工具 --- p.60 / Chapter 丁 --- 研究方法和步驟 --- p.61 / Chapter 戊 --- 研究限制 --- p.64 / Chapter 第四章 --- 英雄模範 （一）：雷鋒 / Chapter 甲 --- 雷鋒生平和社會背景 --- p.65 / Chapter 乙 --- 雷鋒「自我」概念的分析架構 --- p.70 / Chapter 丙 --- 雷鋒「自我」概念的涵義 --- p.72 / Chapter 丁 --- 小結──死後論英雄 --- p.112 / Chapter 第五章 --- 英雄模範（二）：張海迪 / Chapter 甲 --- 張海迪的生平和社會背景 --- p.116 / Chapter 乙 --- 張海迪「自我」概念的分析架構 --- p.121 / Chapter 丙 --- 張海迪「自我」概念的涵義 --- p.123 / Chapter 丁 --- 小結──英雄模範的生涯 --- p.159 / Chapter 第六章 --- 英雄模範（三）：其他當代中國的英雄模範(1978-1985) / Chapter 甲 --- 與「四人幫」鬥爭型的英雄模範 --- p.163 / Chapter 乙 --- 知識和科技型的英雄模範 --- p.167 / Chapter 丙 --- 自學成才型的英雄模範 --- p.173 / Chapter 丁 --- 回頭是岸型的英雄模範 --- p.177 / Chapter 戊 --- 經濟改革型的英雄模範 --- p.180 / Chapter 已 --- 企業管理型的英雄模範 --- p.183 / Chapter 庚 --- 小結──多元化的英雄模範 --- p.188 / Chapter 第七章 --- 異軌份子：魏京生 / Chapter 甲 --- 魏京生的生平和社會背景 --- p.193 / Chapter 乙 --- 魏京生「自我」概念的分析架構 --- p.196 / Chapter 丙 --- 魏京生「自我」概念的涵義 --- p.198 / Chapter 第八章 --- 總論──綜論當代中國英雄模範的變化(1960-1985) / Chapter 甲 --- 文化連續性和早期經驗的比較 --- p.235 / Chapter 乙 --- 與權威人物之間的「自我－他人」關係比較 --- p.242 / Chapter 丙 --- 在工作崗位上的「自我－物質」關係比較 --- p.248 / Chapter 丁 --- 集體目標與個人理想的比較 --- p.253 / Chapter 戊 --- 自我的社會角色狀態和建立模式的比較 --- p.259 / Chapter 已 --- 小結──當代中國英雄模範自我概念模式的變化和發展 --- p.266 / 註釋 --- p.(1) / 參攷書目 --- p.(17)