A two year study was conducted to investigate the effect of intercropping corn with alfalfa or red clover with or without an initial application of the herbicide EPTC$ sp+$ (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate + R-25788 antidote) on the weed yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.). EPTC$ sp+$ applied prior to crop seeding in 1984 significantly reduced yellow nutsedge shoot growth in the first year but did not significantly reduce tuber populations. EPTC$ sp+$ significantly improved corn silage and grain yield and alfalfa establishment in the first year but did not significantly improve red clover establishment. In the second year, a trend of superior forage legume establishment and lower yellow nutsedge shoot production was observed in those treatments established the previous year with EPTC$ sp+$. Over the two year period, yellow nutsedge tuber populations in treatments established with EPTC$ sp+$ were significantly greater in the monocropped corn treatment than in any other treatment. In treatments established without a herbicide, yellow nutsedge tuber populations were also greatest in the monocropped corn treatment.

The objectives of the study were to determine whether intercropped alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) or rye grass (Lolium multiflorum Lmk.) could simultaneously contribute to the nitrogen regime of grain-corn (ie: increased yield), improve edaphic quality, and decrease the level of inorganic nitrogen present in the soil after corn harvest. To achieve these objectives the seeding of the intercrops was delayed, the corn population was increased, and the red clover was spring-ploughed. / Fall-ploughed red clover maintained the mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates on the Ste-Rosalie clay. Spring-ploughed red clover on the other hand caused a decrease in bulk density in the top 10 cm of the Chicot loam. / The nitrogen-response of corn indicated that the intercrops did not contribute to the nitrogen regime of grain-corn. There were also indications that intercrops competed with corn for available inorganic nitrogen and water. The intercrops, however, did reduce the levels of soil inorganic nitrogen in the fall allowing for a possible decrease in the nitrogen load of soil percolates. / Despite the beneficial effect of nitrogen fertilisation on the organic nitrogen content of the soil, the presence of leguminous intercrops did not prevent the increase of the soil CN ratio.

Thesis (M.Sc.). / Written for the Dept. of Plant Science. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2008/12/09). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Sc.(Zoology and Entomology))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Luiz Malcolm de Mello / Banca: Elcio Hiroyoshi Yano / Banca: Karem Cristine Piróla Narimatsu / Resumo: O consórcio entre culturas graníferas e espécies forrageiras tropicais tem se mostrado eficiente, na formação de pastagem e de palha para o sistema plantio direto. O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de identificar, no sistema de integração agricultura-pecuária, a melhor modalidade de consorciação de milho outonal com quatro forrageiras. O experimento foi realizado no ano agrícola 2010/11 na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão localizada em Selvíria-MS, pertencente a Faculdade de Engenharia-Unesp, campus de Ilha Solteira. Os tratamentos na safra de outono foram constituídos por quatro forrageiras consorciadas com milho - Urochloa brizantha, Urochloa ruzizensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia e Panicum maximum cv. Áries - e três modalidades de semeadura das forrageiras - na linha de semeadura do milho, a lanço simultâneo a semeadura do milho e a lanço no estádio V4 - e milho exclusivo, constituindo 13 tratamentos em esquema fatorial 4x3+1 e delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados para o milho: estande inicial e final, altura da planta, diâmetro basal do colmo, produção de grãos, massa de mil grãos, numero de espigas/há e massa seca de palha de milho. Nas forrageiras avaliaram-se a produtividade de matéria seca e massa seca total de palha. Na cultura da soja foram avaliados: altura da planta, inserção da primeira vagem, número de vagens por planta, estande inicial e final, massa de 1.000 grãos e produtividade de grãos. Para os atributos físicos do solo foram avaliados: macroporosidade, microporosidade, porosidade total e densidade do solo nas camadas de 0,0 - 0,10m , 0,10 - 0,20m, 0,20 - 0,30m de profundidade. Os resultados permitiram concluir que não houve competição significativa das forrageiras com o milho em relação às... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The consortium between grain crops and tropical forage species has been efficient, pasture formation and straw for tillage. This study was conducted in order to identify the system of crop-livestock integration, the best arrangement of intercropping maize with four autumnal grasses. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural year 2010/11 the Finance Teaching and Research located in Selvíria-MS belonging to the Faculty of Engineering-UNESP, in Ilha Solteira. The autumn harvest treatments were four intercropped with corn fodder - Urochloa brizantha, Urochloa ruzizensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania and Panicum maximum cv. Aries - and three types of forage seeding - in the row of corn, broadcasted simultaneously sowing corn and haul in the V4 stage - and sole corn, constituting 13 treatments in a factorial 4x3 +1 and randomized block design with four replicates. Were evaluated for corn: initial and final plant height, basal stem diameter, grain yield, thousand grain weight, number of spikes / no and dry mass of corn stover. In evaluating forage to dry matter yield and total dry matter of straw. In soybean were evaluated: plant height, first pod, number of pods per plant, initial and final mass of 1,000 grains and grain yield. For soil physical properties were evaluated: macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and density of soil in layers from 0.0 to 0.10 m, 0.10 - 0.20 m, 0.20 to 0.30 m depth. The results showed that there was significant competition forages with corn compared to corn grain yield and corn stover, and grain yield of maize crop in keeping with the high technology to the region, this assumption is recommended seeding forage in the form of the line along with the fertilizer to optimize and streamline the sowing operation. The yield of straw was enough to supply the annual contribution recommended for... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-03-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:39:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_fcbl_me_ilha.pdf: 441327 bytes, checksum: fa06d94328b4b0d7594a70f389deaf15 (MD5) / O consórcio entre culturas graníferas e espécies forrageiras tropicais tem se mostrado eficiente, na formação de pastagem e de palha para o sistema plantio direto. O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de identificar, no sistema de integração agricultura-pecuária, a melhor modalidade de consorciação de milho outonal com quatro forrageiras. O experimento foi realizado no ano agrícola 2010/11 na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão localizada em Selvíria-MS, pertencente a Faculdade de Engenharia-Unesp, campus de Ilha Solteira. Os tratamentos na safra de outono foram constituídos por quatro forrageiras consorciadas com milho - Urochloa brizantha, Urochloa ruzizensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia e Panicum maximum cv. Áries – e três modalidades de semeadura das forrageiras – na linha de semeadura do milho, a lanço simultâneo a semeadura do milho e a lanço no estádio V4 – e milho exclusivo, constituindo 13 tratamentos em esquema fatorial 4x3+1 e delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados para o milho: estande inicial e final, altura da planta, diâmetro basal do colmo, produção de grãos, massa de mil grãos, numero de espigas/há e massa seca de palha de milho. Nas forrageiras avaliaram-se a produtividade de matéria seca e massa seca total de palha. Na cultura da soja foram avaliados: altura da planta, inserção da primeira vagem, número de vagens por planta, estande inicial e final, massa de 1.000 grãos e produtividade de grãos. Para os atributos físicos do solo foram avaliados: macroporosidade, microporosidade, porosidade total e densidade do solo nas camadas de 0,0 – 0,10m , 0,10 – 0,20m, 0,20 – 0,30m de profundidade. Os resultados permitiram concluir que não houve competição significativa das forrageiras com o milho em relação às... / The consortium between grain crops and tropical forage species has been efficient, pasture formation and straw for tillage. This study was conducted in order to identify the system of crop-livestock integration, the best arrangement of intercropping maize with four autumnal grasses. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural year 2010/11 the Finance Teaching and Research located in Selvíria-MS belonging to the Faculty of Engineering-UNESP, in Ilha Solteira. The autumn harvest treatments were four intercropped with corn fodder - Urochloa brizantha, Urochloa ruzizensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania and Panicum maximum cv. Aries - and three types of forage seeding - in the row of corn, broadcasted simultaneously sowing corn and haul in the V4 stage - and sole corn, constituting 13 treatments in a factorial 4x3 +1 and randomized block design with four replicates. Were evaluated for corn: initial and final plant height, basal stem diameter, grain yield, thousand grain weight, number of spikes / no and dry mass of corn stover. In evaluating forage to dry matter yield and total dry matter of straw. In soybean were evaluated: plant height, first pod, number of pods per plant, initial and final mass of 1,000 grains and grain yield. For soil physical properties were evaluated: macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and density of soil in layers from 0.0 to 0.10 m, 0.10 - 0.20 m, 0.20 to 0.30 m depth. The results showed that there was significant competition forages with corn compared to corn grain yield and corn stover, and grain yield of maize crop in keeping with the high technology to the region, this assumption is recommended seeding forage in the form of the line along with the fertilizer to optimize and streamline the sowing operation. The yield of straw was enough to supply the annual contribution recommended for... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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A study was undertaken from 1993 to 1994 to determine the effects of intercropping (with Glycine max L Merr., Lupinus sp., Trifolium pratense L.-Lolium multiflorum Lam., or Secale cereale L.) and mechanical weeding (with a rigid tines cultivator, Danish tines cultivator or ridge cultivator) on the population dynamics of insect pests (Diabrotica longicornis Say, Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois, Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner, and Pseudaletia unipuncta Haworth) on corn (Zea mays L.) in L'Assomption and Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada. / D. longicornis or P. unipuncta populations did not increase. / In 1994, intercropping with T. pratense-L. multiflorum (Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue) or weeding with the Danish tines cultivator (L'Assomption) increased L. lineolaris populations. / In 1994, intercropping with S. cereale (L'Assomption) ot T. pratense-L. multiflorum (Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue) increased O. nubilalis populations.