The enactment of derivative action was expected to be actively used by shareholders to protect their interests. In fact, it turned out that this reform effort seemed futile as the right to engage in such actions was rarely exercised. This raises a question about the role of derivative actions in China; namely, should a derivative action system play a key role in protecting shareholder interests? If the answer is positive, the next question is how such a system could be improved in order to effectively discipline management. The essence of this thesis is to try to address these issues. This thesis argues that derivative action should and can play a key role in China’s corporate governance. First, minority shareholders in China face double agency problems within the company and thus protective mechanisms must be put in place. Second, this thesis formulates its argument by demonstrating the ineffectiveness of market forces and other legal methods. As a consequence, derivative action ought to retain a central role in regulating the misbehaviour of controlling shareholders and managers. After demonstrating the need to strengthen and improve derivative actions in China, this thesis starts to explore Chinas’ derivative actions system. It first examines derivative action cases before Company Law 2005. Despite the absence of a clear statutory basis for derivative actions in Company Law 1993, such cases have nevertheless appeared in the courts. After almost eight years of implementation, less than 80 cases were raised. Whilst this seems a good figure in comparison to other jurisdictions, closer examination shows this not to be the case. For example, the opacity of the demand requirement constitutes a barrier for shareholders wishing to exercise this right. More importantly, the funding rule of derivative actions is treated as the same with other forms of litigation. In view of the unique economic nature of the derivative action, a new funding rule for derivative action should be established. After discussing why derivative actions should play a significant role in monitoring management and how they should be improved, this thesis argues that shareholders are increasingly willing to take this action to protect their rights and interests because of the establishment of commercial society and the existence of the traditional culture of Legalist School. Also, the courts are more capable of dealing with derivative action cases because of the enactment of the Judges Law and the increasing recruitment of more qualified people to the judiciary. It is believed that the effectiveness of derivative action can contribute to foster good corporate governance in China.

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The aim of this thesis is to find out the situation of use of teambuilding in the chosen organizations and this situation sum up and pertinently recommend possible improvement. Questionnaires are formulated by myself serve to obtain data. Resources to work are answers of employees, for who is teambuilding set, but also for employers, pertinently headquarters. From my diploma thesis, I expect that I find, if teambuilding is efficient in each organization, is correct used and bring results, and also a satisfaction of employees , but also employers.

Student Number : 0108509M - MA research report - School of Social Sciences - Faculty of Humanities / This research report begins with a brief review of mercenary history before the twentieth century, followed by chapters on mercenaries and PMCs in post-independence Africa and the use of PMCs by strong states (particularly the United States in Iraq). The fourth section analyses relevant international, regional and national laws, focussing on South African legislation. The final chapter considers pressing questions such as the use of PMCs by the United Nations and the case for banning all PMCs, explores the South African connection, and makes the case for a less hostile, more pragmatic South African approach to PMCs.

The first part of this thesis describes in general the limited liability company, the advantages and disadvantages it provides to its partners and it is explained why this company form is continuously the most popular business entity type. The second part of this paper introduces the joint stock company, basic terms used in joint stock company law and the advantages and disadvantages this company type provides to its shareholders. Crux of this thesis is in the third part, that describes the process of foundation of both company types and their subsequent enrolment in the companies register. Emphasis is placed on the differences between both company types that the partners and shareholders have to deal with, especially in regard to the content of the Memorandums of Associations of both companies.

This thesis discusses the camera design development from its very beginning until present time. Methodological is based on a basic ideas of industrial design, cooperation of brands with specific designers and achieve goals of industrial design. In the beginning, I am trying to find a breakpoint in thinking about the cameras, moment of not-only light-sensitive material development, but also adding of new ideas of camera ergonomics, the functional elements of the marking symbol or extra aesthetic value and mapping the effects and conditions to which it was formed. It contains substantial cooperation with world famous brands (Kodak, Leica, Hasselblad, Pentax ...), their theoretical basis and problems, concerning media images linked to the samples as well.