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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Study of some problems in modelling and optimization of bioprocesses / Etude de certains problèmes dans la modélisation et l'optimisation des bioprocédés

Rojas-Palma, Alejandro 20 September 2016 (has links)
L’objet de cette thèse est l’étude de certains problèmes liés à l’ingénierie des bioprocédés, en particulier l’analyse du comportement et de la culture optimale des microalgues et la connexion de plusieurs bioréacteurs. Trois problèmes sont proposés et analysés. Le première est basé sur une étude récente dans laquelle les auteurs modifient le modèle classique du Monod en incorporant l’incidence de la lumière sur la dynamique à travers le rôle de la croissance de la biomasse. L’idée est d’étudier un problème plus général de l’optimisation non linéaire qui considère maximisation de la biomasse moyenne de microalgues en fonction du temps, pour des intervalles de temps différents. La difficulté mathématique qui se pose est lié à la discontinuité des intervalles de temps qui rend la fonction à optimiser non différentiable. Ce manque de régularité comprend la formulation d’un problème d’optimisation non-lisse. Dans le deuxième problème, un modèle réduit du réservoir microalgues avec nitrification est analysé, en supposant que les microalgues peuvent se développer à partir de la consommation de nitrate et d’ammonium, de préférence par l’ammonium. La limitation de la lumière par l’auto-ombrage est également inclus dans le taux de croissance du microalgues comme inhibition non compétitive. En réduisant le système en utilisant la théorie des systèmes asymptotiquement autonomes, il peut être considéré comme une perturbation d’un système de deux espèces en compétition pour un substrat. Par conséquent, nous utilisons un résultat de systèmes perturbés non-évanescentes pour obtenir un théorème de stabilité pour la coexistence.Le dernier problème est lié aux systèmes compartimentés. Il est prouvé que pour une grande classe de systèmes entrées-sorties positifs de dimension finie, représentant transport et diffusion de soluté entre des compartiments mobiles et immobiles, il existe des représentations MINC (multiple interacting continua) et MRMT (multi-rate mass transfer) algébriquement équivalentes. En outre, des méthodes explicites sont donnés pour construire ces représentations équivalentes, où la contrôlabilité des systèmes joue un rôle important. / The purpose of this thesis is to study some problems that arise from bioprocess engineering, in particular the behaviour analysis and optimal cultivation of microalgae and the connection of multiple bioreactors. The thesis consists of three problems. The first is based on a recent study in which the authors extend the classical Monod model incorporating light incidence on the dynamics through the role of biomass growth. The idea is to study a more general problem of nonlinear optimization which considers maximization average biomass of microalgae versus time, for different time intervals. The mathematical difficulty that arises is related to that discontinuity of the time intervals which causes non differentiability in some domain points. This lack of regularity involves the formulation of a non-smooth optimization problem. In the second problem, a reduced mathematical model of a microalgal pond with nitrification is analyzed, assuming that microalgae can grow either by ammonium consumption or by nitrate consuming, with preference for ammonium. Light limitation by self-shading is also included in the growth rate of microalgae as a noncompetitive inhibition.It is feasible to reduce the system using the theory of asymptotically autonomous systems and the limiting system obtained can be considered as a perturbation of a system of two species competing for a substrate. So, we use a result of non-vanishing perturbated systems to obtain a strong stability theorem for equilibrium coexistence. The last problem is related to compartmental systems. It is proved that for a large class of finite dimensional input-output positive systems that represent networks of transport and diffusion of solute in mobile and immobile compartments, there exist MINC (multiple interacting continua) and MRMT (multirate mass transfer) algebraically equivalent representations. Moreover, we provide explicit methods to construct these representations, where controllability property is playing a crucial role.
2

Direct Adaptive Control for Nonlinear Uncertain Dynamical Systems

Hayakawa, Tomohisa 26 November 2003 (has links)
In light of the complex and highly uncertain nature of dynamical systems requiring controls, it is not surprising that reliable system models for many high performance engineering and life science applications are unavailable. In the face of such high levels of system uncertainty, robust controllers may unnecessarily sacrifice system performance whereas adaptive controllers are clearly appropriate since they can tolerate far greater system uncertainty levels to improve system performance. In this dissertation, we develop a Lyapunov-based direct adaptive and neural adaptive control framework that addresses parametric uncertainty, unstructured uncertainty, disturbance rejection, amplitude and rate saturation constraints, and digital implementation issues. Specifically, we consider the following research topics: direct adaptive control for nonlinear uncertain systems with exogenous disturbances; robust adaptive control for nonlinear uncertain systems; adaptive control for nonlinear uncertain systems with actuator amplitude and rate saturation constraints; adaptive reduced-order dynamic compensation for nonlinear uncertain systems; direct adaptive control for nonlinear matrix second-order dynamical systems with state-dependent uncertainty; adaptive control for nonnegative and compartmental dynamical systems with applications to general anesthesia; direct adaptive control of nonnegative and compartmental dynamical systems with time delay; adaptive control for nonlinear nonnegative and compartmental dynamical systems with applications to clinical pharmacology; neural network adaptive control for nonlinear nonnegative dynamical systems; passivity-based neural network adaptive output feedback control for nonlinear nonnegative dynamical systems; neural network adaptive dynamic output feedback control for nonlinear nonnegative systems using tapped delay memory units; Lyapunov-based adaptive control framework for discrete-time nonlinear systems with exogenous disturbances; direct discrete-time adaptive control with guaranteed parameter error convergence; and hybrid adaptive control for nonlinear uncertain impulsive dynamical systems.

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