published_or_final_version / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning

published_or_final_version / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning

Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. / With the largest growing population and "the world's fastest growing economy" (Jacob, 2004:20), China has an enormous pool of potential consumers who want to improve their lifestyles. China's opening of its retail market has encouraged the entrance of foreign retailers and has increased retailing. Many international companies and Chinese retailers are eager for a share of the Chinese market. China has made many reforms to its policies and regulations in order to join the World Trade Organization, and has evolved into a major investment destination for foreign investors. As a member of the World Trade Organization, China will benefit from increased access to the foreign market, but in return, it will have to expose itself to competition from foreign companies. The retail environment in China is evolving as markets mature. These markets are ripe for cultivation by foreign retailers whose advanced systems, operations, management and marketing skills can bring added levels of efficiency and enhanced performance to the Chinese markets. Many multinational retailers have operations in China and may more plan aggressive expansions to roots themselves. The foreign retailers have superior merchandising expertise, advanced management techniques, strong capital, reputable foreign brands, excellent service and flexible strategies. In addition, they have the wisdom to hire capable local managers to help them bridge cultural gaps to attract customers into their stores and build effective customers relationships. Foreign retails have set about changing the shopping behaviour of their Chinese customers. They import well-known foreign brands, create comfortable shopping environments, set prices applicable nationwide and create marketing campaigns that are extremely attractive to Chinese customers. According to a customer research survey, Chinese customers are becoming more discerning and sophisticated. They are moving from finding the best price to seeking the best quality, showing increasing brand awareness and loyalty to foreign brand-name goods. The Chinese retail market environment is becoming more complicated and competition is becoming intense.

published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

published_or_final_version / abstract / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning

published_or_final_version / abstract / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning

by Fung Kin-piu, Ernest, Wong Yun-tak, Ted. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaf 40. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.iv / PREFACE --- p.v / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Literature Review --- p.2 / Early and Late Market Entry Decisions --- p.5 / The Hong Kong Situation --- p.5 / Chapter II. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.7 / Statement of Objectives --- p.7 / Research Design --- p.7 / Data Collection Method --- p.9 / Sampling --- p.10 / Chapter III. --- DATA ANALYSIS --- p.12 / Method of Analysis --- p.12 / Results --- p.14 / Distribution of Relative Weights in the sample --- p.14 / Result for H1 --- p.15 / Result for H2 --- p.15 / Result for H3 --- p.17 / Chapter IV. --- LIMITATIONS --- p.18 / Biases in Design Process --- p.18 / Biases in Data Collection --- p.19 / Biases in Data Analysis --- p.20 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION --- p.23 / Identification of Entry Barriers --- p.23 / Importance of Market Entry Barriers --- p.23 / Managerial Implications --- p.24 / APPENDIX --- p.28 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.40

Advancement in science and technology has brought about tremendous changes in the world. Under the influence of globalization, increasing competition among cities has been witnessed all over the world and urban competitiveness has become a new research topic. This study conducts a comparative analysis of 253 Chinese cities at prefecture-level or above based on a conceptual framework of urban competitiveness. Two methodological issues are addressed and carefully examined which are the selection of weighting methods and the assessment of the impact of population data on the result of urban competitiveness analysis. Based on the empirical results, this research further analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese cities and the regional pattern of urban competitiveness in China. / In this study, urban competitiveness is understood from a comprehensive perspective including economic, social and environmental components. Adopting a three-level hierarchical indicator system, this study compares the different results derived from the use of two different weighting methods, Equal Weighting and Factor Analysis. Through tracing the calculation process, it is found that Factor Analysis generates problematic weights to some indicators and it also has a tendency to ignore the environmental performance of the cities in this study. Thus the Equal Weighting method seems better to fit urban competitiveness study. / The impact of the quality of population data is addressed by comparing the results using the population data from the 2000 Population Census and from the 2001 Urban Statistical Yearbook. Although the general inconsistency in the result of urban competitiveness analysis caused by using different population data was not as serious as the one caused by using different weighting methods, the results from using population data from the 2001 Urban Statistical Yearbook were inaccurate. / The inter-regional differences and intra-regional variations within regions and provinces have been significant in the reform period. The eastern region outstripped the central and western regions not only in economic, but also in social and environmental competitiveness. Economic competitiveness driven by a large amount of FDI in the eastern region was the most outstanding among the three competitiveness dimensions. Cities in the central region were better off than the western region with the exception of Economic Performance. It is worth noting that a few cities in the central and western regions demonstrated strong competitiveness which even outscored many eastern cities. However, the large disparity among the cities in the western region increased the difficulties of reducing the overall regional disparity. The variation of urban competitiveness also shaped the inter-provincial disparity within each region. / These methodological considerations have led to the selection of Equal Weighting as the weighting method and the 2000 Population Census as the population data source with which to measure urban competitiveness. As revealed by the analysis, the cities varied by having either consistent or inconsistent ranks in their economic, social and environmental competitiveness. Hangzhou, Zhuhai, Beijing, and Shenzhen ranked at the top for the country, while Bazhong, Baoshan, Suining, and Guang'an ranked near the bottom in total urban competitiveness. / This research contributes to the understanding of and measurement of urban competitiveness in Chinese cities. It provides a useful reference on the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese cities. Furthermore, the regional pattern of urban competitiveness also helps to improve the general understanding of China's uneven development. / Jiang, Yihong. / "January 2007." / Adviser: Jianfa Shen. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-08, Section: A, page: 3537. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 229-248). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning