<p> It is well known that complex coacervates can be prepared by combining aqueous solutions of oppositely charged biopolymers, such as gelatin and gum arabic. There are few examples of synthetic polyelectrolytes that produce complex coacervates, however. Two series of anionic copolymers capable of forming complex coacervates with branched polyethylenimine (PEI) in water have been prepared. One series consists of binary copolymers containing methacrylic acid (MAA) and poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether monomethacrylate (PEGMA) in molar ratios ranging from 20:80 to 80:20, as well as the two homopolymers, poly(MAA) and poly(PEGMA). Another series contains an equimolar amount of MAA and PEGMA, together with between one and ten percent of a third, hydrophobic monomer, butyl methacrylate (BMA).</p> <p> Both binary and ternary copolymers show lower critical solution temperatures, LCST's, ranging from 60.8°C to 1.5°C depending on composition. Furthermore, complex coacervation occurs upon addition of aqueous PEI to aqueous solutions of these copolymers. The percent volume of the liquid coacervate phase is independent of copolymer composition. However, with increasing MAA to PEGMA ratio in the binary copolymer, the concentration of the coacervate increases, reflecting an increased coacervation efficiency. The coacervate composition was not significantly affected by the BMA in the ternary copolymer series.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Electrospun nanofibers have been used for many applications, but a reliance on organic solvents limits their use in biomedical fields. In this study, we successfully electrospun nanofibers from aqueous chitosan-hyaluronic acid complex coacervates. We studied how solvent’ properties affected the average nanofiber diameter by using pure water as a solvent versus ethanol-water solutions. Experimentally, we investigated the effect of electrospinning apparatus parameters, such as how the applied voltage affected fiber formation and morphology. The smallest average nanofiber diameter was determined to be around 115 ± 30 nm when 3 wt% ethanol coacervate samples were electrospun using the applied voltage of 24 kV. Linear viscoelastic measurements were used to study the rheological characterization of complex coacervate with different salt concentrations and cosolvents (e.g., ethanol weight percent). Chitosan-hyaluronic acid nanofibers hold potential in biomedical applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, would healing scaffolds.