Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KatiaRS.pdf: 807301 bytes, checksum: 2152eca6964abf006ea9b40c29849d1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-16 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / At the cashew nut processing industry it is often the generation of wastewaters containing high content of toxic organic compounds. The presence of these compounds is due mainly to the so called liquid of the cashew nut (CNSL). CNSL, as it is commercially known in Brazil, is the liquid of the cashew nut. It looks like an oil with dark brown color, viscous and presents a high toxicity index due to the chemical composition, i.e. phenol compounds, such as anacardic acid, cardol, 2-methyl cardol and monophenol (cardanol). These compounds are bio resistant to the conventional treatments. Furthermore, the corresponding wastewaters present high content of TOC (total organic carbon). Therefore due to the high degree of toxicity it is very important to study and develop treatments of these wastewaters before discharge to the environmental. This research aims to decompose these compounds using advanced oxidative processes (AOP) based on the photo-Fenton system. The advantage of this system is the fast and non-selective oxidation promoted by the hydroxyl radicals (●OH), that is under determined conditions can totally convert the organic pollutants to CO2 and H2O. In order to evaluate the decomposition of the organic charge system samples of the real wastewater od a processing cashew nut industry were taken. This industry was located at the country of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The experiments were carried out with a photochemical annular reactor equipped with UV (ultra violet) lamp. Based on preliminary experiments, a Doehlert experimental design was defined to optimize the concentrations of H2O2 and Fe(II) with a total of 13 runs. The experimental conditions were set to pH equal to 3 and temperature of 30?C. The power of the lamps applied was 80W, 125W and 250W. To evaluate the decomposition rate measures of the TOC were accomplished during 4 hours of experiment. According to the results, the organic removal obtained in terms of TOC was 80% minimum and 95% maximum. Furthermore, it was gotten a minimum time of 49 minutes for the removal of 30% of the initial TOC. Based on the obtained experimental results, the photo-Fenton system presents a very satisfactory performance as a complementary treatment of the wastewater studied / Na ind?stria de beneficiamento de castanha de caju ? bastante freq?ente a produ??o de efluentes com altas concentra??es de compostos org?nicos de origem t?xica. A presen?a desses compostos se deve ao LCC contido nas ?guas residu?rias. O LCC ? conhecido comercialmente como l?quido da castanha de caju e tem a apar?ncia de um ?leo de cor marrom escura e viscosa. A toxicidade desse efluente, deve-se ? sua composi??o qu?mica formada por compostos fen?licos, tais como, ?cido anac?rdico, derivados do resorcinol (cardol e 2-metil cardol) e um monofenol (cardanol), entre outros, resistentes aos tratamentos convencionais. Estes efluentes apresentam, invariavelmente, elevados valores de carbono org?nico total (COT). Devido ao grau de toxicidade, ? de grande import?ncia o tratamento desses efluentes antes da sua descarga no meio ambiente. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a ocorr?ncia da degrada??o de COT utilizando o processo oxidativo avan?ado (POA) baseado no sistema foto-Fenton. A vantagem deste sistema ? a oxida??o r?pida e n?o seletiva promovida pelo radical hidroxila (●OH), que sob certas condi??es podem promover a convers?o total dos poluentes org?nicos a CO2 e H2O. Para a avalia??o da degrada??o foi utilizado amostras do efluente aquoso bruto (n?o tratado) de uma ind?stria de beneficiamento de castanha de caju localizada no interior do RN. Os experimentos foram realizados em um reator fotoqu?mico anular de fluxo ascendente, cuja concentra??o de Fe(II) e H2O2 foi baseado em testes preliminares e atrav?s do planejamento experimental Doehlert. As condi??es iniciais dos experimentos foram: ajuste do pH inicial para 3,0, temperatura do sistema foi mantida constante a 30?C e as pot?ncias das l?mpadas usadas foram de 80W, 125W e 250W. Todos os experimentos foram realizados em 4h. Os crit?rios para se avaliar a efici?ncia do sistema foram: a ocorr?ncia da degrada??o atrav?s do valor de COT, colora??o final do efluente ap?s tratamento. De acordo com esses crit?rios foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: a porcentagem de remo??o de COT m?nima 80% e m?xima 95%, tempo m?nimo de irradia??o necess?rio para remo??o 30% do COT inicial foi 49 minutos. Pelos resultados experimentais obtidos, foi conferido um bom desempenho do sistema foto-Fenton como tratamento complementar na remo??o de COT presente nas ?guas residu?rias da ind?stria de beneficiamento de castanha de caju