溫偉國. / 稿本(電腦打印本) / 論文(歷史學部哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 1991. / 附參考文獻. / Wen Weiguo. / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1 / 註釋 --- p.10 / Chapter 第二章 --- 近代買辦的興起 --- p.15 / Chapter 第一節 --- 公行制度下的買辦 --- p.15 / Chapter 第二節 --- 近代買辦的興起 --- p.20 / 註釋 --- p.29 / Chapter 第三章 --- 香港上海匯豐銀行的成立及其早期發展 --- p.35 / Chapter 第一節 --- 香港開埠初期的經濟發展 --- p.35 / Chapter 第二節 --- 匯豐銀行建立的背景 --- p.40 / Chapter 第三節 --- 匯豐銀行的成立 --- p.44 / Chapter 第四節 --- 匯豐銀行早期發展 --- p.45 / 註釋 --- p.51 / Chapter 第四章 --- 香港匯豐銀行的買辦 --- p.57 / 羅伯常、羅鶴朋 --- p.58 / 劉渭川 --- p.61 / 劉泮樵 --- p.66 / 何世榮 --- p.68 / 唐宗保 --- p.71 / 李純華 --- p.72 / 註釋 --- p.74 / Chapter 第五章 --- 匯豐銀行的買辦制度 --- p.78 / 聘任標準 --- p.78 / 職務及收入 --- p.82 / 保証金及擔保人制度 --- p.86 / 辦房內的親屬關係 --- p.92 / 商業投資活動 --- p.93 / 銀行監管買辦的方法 --- p.100 / 註釋 --- p.104 / Chapter 第六章 --- 結語 --- p.110 / 註釋 --- p.116 / 附錄一：1864年匯豐銀行募股書 --- p.A1:1 / 附錄二：1953年匯豐銀行買辦合約 --- p.A2:1 / 附錄三：1928年匯豐銀行辦房職員合照 --- p.A3:1 / 附錄四：1960年將買辦改稱為華經理的備忘錄 --- p.A4:1 / 參考書目

Contrary to the significance that HSBC and its comprador office made on the modernisation in China at the turn of the 19th and the 20th Century, studies about the Bank’s expansion in the Beijing-Tianjin area were exceptionally limited. In this research, the importance of HSBC’s expansion to North China in the 1880s will be primarily examined by the Bank and its comprador office’s roles in the railways development in North China. During this process, Wu Jim-pah, as the first comprador of HSBC in Tianjin, offered significant aids in establishing HSBC’s collaboration with the Qing Court and the influential Bei-yang Ministry under Li Hong-zhang’s administration. This research is going to examine Wu Jim-pah’s career and personal development in late Qing Huizhou, Suzhou, Shanghai, Tianjin and Beijing, so as to answer a series of questions related to China’s social-economic reforms and its earliest capitalists’ formation at the turn of the centuries. Moreover, acts as the first academic study focusing on Wu Jim-pah’s participation in the early modernisation projects of late Qing China, this research put the collection and classification of historical materials in the central place. The findings of primary resources from the archives in China and overseas, namely, the Institute of History and Philology of Academia Sinica in Taipei, the National Library of China, the Shanghai Library, the Southwest Jiao-tong University, the Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences (TASS), the HSBC Group Archives, London School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), as well as the Public Record Office at Kew, London, could be regarded as the most valuable part of this research. / published_or_final_version / Humanities and Social Sciences / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

This thesis is concerned with transnational literature and writers of the Middle Eastern and South Asian diasporas. It argues that the diasporic position of the authors enables their roles as comprador subjects. The thesis maintains that the figure of the comprador is always acted upon by its ontological predisposition, so that diasporic positionality often involves a single subject which straddles and speaks from two or more different subject positions. Comprador authors can be said to be co-opted by Western metropolitan publishing companies who stand to benefit by marketing the apparent marginality of the homelands about which these authors write. The thesis therefore proceeds from the notion that such a diasporic position is the paradoxical condition of the transnational subject or writer. I submit that there is, to some degree, a questionable element in the common political and cultural suggestions that emerge upon closer evaluation of diasporic literature. Indeed, a charge of complicity has been levelled against authors who write, apparently, to service two distinct entities – the wish to speak on behalf of a minority collective, as well as the imperial ‘centre’ which is the intended interlocutor of the comprador author. However, it is this difference, the implied otherness or marginality of the outsider within, which I argue is sometimes used by diasporic writers as a way of articulating with ‘authenticity’ the cultures and politics of their erstwhile localities. This thesis is concerned, therefore, with the representation of ‘the East’ in four novels by diasporic, specifically comprador writers, namely Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, Hanif Kureishi’s The Buddha of Suburbia, and Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner and A Thousand Splendid Suns. I suggest that the ‘third-world’ and transnational literature can also be a selling point for the transnational subject, whose representations may at times pander to preconceived ideas about ‘the Orient’ and its people. As an illustration of this double-bind, I offer a close reading of all the novels to suggest that on the one hand, the comprador author writes within the paradigm of the ‘writing back’ movement, as a counter-discourse to the Orientalist representations of the homeland. However, the corollary is that such an attempt to ‘write back’, in a sense, re-inscribes the very discourse it wishes to subvert, especially because the literature is aimed at a ‘Western’ audience. Moreover, the template of the comprador could be used to explain how a transnational post-9/11 text from an Afghan-American, for instance, may be put to the service of the imperial machine, and read, therefore, as a supporting document to the U.S. policy on Afghanistan.