Computer assisted psychomotor training is recognized as an appropriate tool in motor skill acquisition in adults with and without physical limitations. In specialized populations of individuals with physical deficits such as Parkinson's disease, previous researchers have examined the application of computer assisted training during upper extremity psychomotor skill acquisition. Presently, there is a lack of controlled studies regarding computerized functional psychomotor task training in persons with Parkinson's disease. The specific purpose of this study is to test the efficacy of a computerized functional balance training protocol in a specialized population of individuals with Parkinson's disease. Experimental group subjects practiced functional balance activities with computer generated visual cues and feedback utilizing the Balance Master SystemTM (BMS). This computerized system integrates visual cues and visual feedback into graded psychomotor training protocols. The BMS has been used to evaluate persons with PD, but as yet, has not been tested in controlled training studies. The performance of the experimental group was compared to a control group receiving training under non-visually cued, non-computerized conditions. All subjects' functional status was assessed pre and post training utilizing the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and Functional Reach Test (FRT). Both of these measures quantify an individual's ability to adapt their movement patterns and perform functional activities. Post-testing occurred following the completion of ten training sessions and at four weeks. The experimental group showed improvements in their TUG scores over the three testing intervals as compared to the control group (F(1,18) = 32.86, p = .000). The experimental group subjects demonstrated a trend towards improvement in TUG scores while the control group demonstrated a trend towards baseline levels by post test two. The experimental group did display improvements in FR scores compared to the control group, but these trends were found to be insignificant (F(1,18) = 3.46, p = .079). Subjects that practiced under computerized, externally cued conditions displayed persistent improvements in functional activity (TUG measurement) over time as compared to control group subjects.

En los últimos años, el uso de la tecnología en deportes se ha multiplicado. La inteligencia artificial, y el procesamiento de imágenes y datos a gran escala son algunos de los avances más resaltantes. Gracias a estas tecnologías, muchos productos han surgido para deportistas de élite. Los atletas las usan para evaluar su rendimiento y mantener un reporte de todos sus entrenamientos. A pesar de esta explosión de tecnologías, el box, siendo un deporte con abundantes aficionados, cuenta con escasas investigaciones en sistemas de entrenamiento. En esta investigación se explorará y se analizarán las diferentes técnicas de detección de movimiento en deportes. Así mismo, se identificarán las arquitecturas de estos sistemas y se propondrá oportunidades de mejora. Finalmente, revisaremos las aplicaciones más recientes de box para comparar sus funcionalidades. / In the past few years, technology used in sports has multiplied. Artificial intelligence, image and data processing at large scale are some of the most notable advancements. These technologies have allowed for several new products to flood the elite athlete market. These athletes use them to gage their performance and to keep a record of all their training sessions. Despite this new renaissance, and despite having a huge fanbase, boxing still has little research on training systems. In this investigation, various movement detection techniques will be explored and analyzed. Then, the architecture of these systems will be identified, and improvements will be suggested. Finally, we will review and compare the latest applications for boxing training. / Trabajo de investigación