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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Determinação das concentrações sanguíneas de pirazinamida em pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar / Determination of blood concentrations of pyrazinamide in pulmonary tuberculosis patients

LUCENA, Stefania de Medeiros Araújo 26 April 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Rosana Moreira (rosanapsm@outlook.com) on 2018-11-20T19:06:54Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_DeterminacaoConcentracoesSanguineas.pdf: 3006836 bytes, checksum: c3f4dac0526218e987832bc6d8f8f875 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2019-01-31T17:34:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_DeterminacaoConcentracoesSanguineas.pdf: 3006836 bytes, checksum: c3f4dac0526218e987832bc6d8f8f875 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-31T17:34:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_DeterminacaoConcentracoesSanguineas.pdf: 3006836 bytes, checksum: c3f4dac0526218e987832bc6d8f8f875 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-26 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A tuberculose constitui importante problema de saúde no Brasil. O esquema terapêutico de primeira linha é composto por rifampicina, isoniazida, pirazinamida e etambutol na fase intensiva (02 meses), e rifampicina e isoniazida na fase de manutenção (04 meses) do tratamento. A determinação das concentrações destes fármacos em fluidos biológicos permite confirmar a exposição adequada do bacilo, além de auxiliar na identificação das causas da multirresistência. No Brasil, ainda não foram descritas as concentrações destes fármacos no decorrer do tratamento da doença. Portanto, este trabalho tem o objetivo de determinar as concentrações sanguíneas de pirazinamida em pacientes com diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial de tuberculose pulmonar, avaliando a influência do sexo e da hiperglicemia nos níveis plasmáticos deste fármaco. Para tanto, foram incluídos 54 pacientes adultos, de ambos os sexos, diagnosticados com tuberculose pulmonar ativa, submetidos ao tratamento de primeira linha, dos quais foram coletadas amostras de sangue antes do tratamento (D0), ao final do primeiro mês (D30) e ao final do segundo mês de tratamento (D60). Foram coletados dados sócio-demográficos dos pacientes através de um questionário. As concentrações de pirazinamida foram determinadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, com detecção no ultravioleta, e a glicemia, por método espectrofotométrico convencional. Dos pacientes incluídos no estudo, 53% são do sexo masculino e 90% possuem entre 19 e 59 anos de idade. Além disso, 37% completou apenas o ensino fundamental. Foram excluídos 8 pacientes por abandono de tratamento. A concentração plasmática média de pirazinamida em amostras pré-doses foi de 3,4 μg/mL e nas amostras pós-doses foi 72,5 μg/mL. Estes dados indicam a exposição adequada do M. tuberculosis ao fármaco. O sexo dos pacientes não influenciou nas concentrações plasmáticas de pirazinamida, entretanto pacientes hiperglicêmicos apresentaram níveis plasmáticos pós-dose do fármaco significativamente elevados. Estes resultados permitem concluir que as doses empregadas de pirazinamida em pacientes com tuberculose causada por M. tuberculosis asseguraram concentrações sanguíneas terapêuticas efetivas em amostras pós-doses, assim como, as concentrações pré-doses foram condizentes com a farmacocinética do fármaco. Por fim, o sexo não influenciou os níveis pré e pós-doses do fármaco, entretanto, as concentrações pós-dose foram significativamente superior em pacientes com hiperglicemia. / Tuberculosis is an important health problem in Brazil. The first-line treatment regimen adopted by the Ministry of Health for the treatment of the disease consists of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in the intensive phase (02 months), and rifampicin and isoniazid in the maintenance phase (04 months) of the treatment. The determination of the concentrations of these drugs in biological fluids is determinant to confirm the adequate exposure, besides helping to identify the causes of the multiresistance. In Brazil, the concentrations of these drugs have not yet been described in the course of treatment of the disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the blood concentrations of pyrazinamide in patients with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, evaluating the influence of sex and hyperglycemia on the plasma levels of these drugs. For this, 54 adult patients of both sexes, diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis, submitted to the first line treatment were included in the study, from which blood samples were collected before treatment (D0), at the end of the first month (D30) and at the end of the second month of treatment (D60). Patients' socio-demographic data were collected through a questionnaire. Pyrazinamide concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and glycemia by conventional spectrophotometric method. Of the patients included in the study, 53% are male and 90% are between 19 and 59 years old. In addition, 37% completed only elementary education. Eight patients were excluded by noncompliance. The mean plasma concentration of pyrazinamide in pre-dose samples was 3.4 μg / mL and in the post-dose samples it was 72.5 μg / mL. These data point to adequate exposure of M. tuberculosis to the drug. Patients' sex did not influence plasma pyrazinamide concentrations. These results allow us to conclude that the doses of pyrazinamide used in tuberculosis patients caused by M. tuberculosis ensure effective therapeutic blood concentrations in post-dose samples, as well as the pre-dose concentrations were consistent with the pharmacokinetics of the drug. Finally, post-dose concentrations were significantly higher in patients with hyperglycemia.

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