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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Utilização de resíduos de cinza de casca de arroz e borracha de pneus em concreto de alto desempenho /

Barbosa, Michele Beniti. January 2006 (has links)
Orientador: Jorge Luis Akasaki / Banca: Marco Antonio Morais Alcantara / Banca: Osny Pellegrino Ferreira / Resumo: Esta dissertação aborda a aplicação da tecnologia dos concretos de alto desempenho (CAD) para a produção de concretos com incorporação dos resíduos: a cinza de casca de arroz-CCA (Amorfa e Cristalina), através da substituição em massa de parte do material aglomerante e borracha de pneu em substituição parcial do agregado miúdo em volume, avaliando suas influências sobre as propriedades mecânicas e durabilidade; através da comparação dos resultados com o uso da sílica ativa e borracha e outro sem incorporação mineral e borracha. Os concretos com incorporação de cinzas (Amorfa e Cristalina) e Borracha apresentaram superioridade das propriedades mecânicas e boa resistência à abrasão e à resistência ao impacto, em relação ao concreto sem incorporação mineral e Borracha. Quanto à forma de ruptura, os CAD com resíduos de borracha apresentaram comportamentos diferenciados. Baseando-se nos valores da relação entre resistência à tração e resistência à compressão e da relação do módulo unitário, para os concretos CCA-A e Borracha e CCA-C e Borracha, foi possível verificar a redução da fragilidade e aumento da capacidade de absorção de energia. A incorporação de resíduos de cinza de casca de arroz e borracha de pneu ao CAD demonstraram viabilidade de uso como função estrutural, devido essencialmente ao bom desempenho das propriedades... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This dissertation broaches the application of high performance concrete (HPC) technology with residue incorporation: the rice husk ash-RHA (Amorphous and Crystalline) through the mass substitution of the gathering material and tire rubber in a partial substitution of the tiny aggregate in volume, evaluating the influence on the mechanic properties and durability through the comparison of the results with using silica fume and rubber and another without mineral incorporation and rubber. The concrete with ashes incorporation (Amorphous and Crystalline) and rubber presented superiority of mechanic properties and good abrasion by strength and impact strength, in relation to concrete without mineral incorporation and rubber As regards to rupture form, the high performance concrete with rubber residue presented different behavior. Based on the values of the relation between the splitting tensile strength and compression strength to and the relation of the unitary module, to the concretes RHA-A and rubber and RHA-C and rubber, it was possible to verify the breakability reduction and the increasing of energy absorption capacity. The incorporation the residues of rice husk ash and of tire rubber he HPC showed the feasibility the use as structure function, essentially due to the good performance... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
2

Utilização de resíduos de cinza de casca de arroz e borracha de pneus em concreto de alto desempenho

Barbosa, Michele Beniti [UNESP] 28 August 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-08-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:26:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 barbosa_mb_me_ilha.pdf: 2381622 bytes, checksum: 314a121bac9351c9f13f6e321c25d4fd (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Araca Renovadora de Pneus / Camargo Correa Cimentos S.A / Cesp / Esta dissertação aborda a aplicação da tecnologia dos concretos de alto desempenho (CAD) para a produção de concretos com incorporação dos resíduos: a cinza de casca de arroz-CCA (Amorfa e Cristalina), através da substituição em massa de parte do material aglomerante e borracha de pneu em substituição parcial do agregado miúdo em volume, avaliando suas influências sobre as propriedades mecânicas e durabilidade; através da comparação dos resultados com o uso da sílica ativa e borracha e outro sem incorporação mineral e borracha. Os concretos com incorporação de cinzas (Amorfa e Cristalina) e Borracha apresentaram superioridade das propriedades mecânicas e boa resistência à abrasão e à resistência ao impacto, em relação ao concreto sem incorporação mineral e Borracha. Quanto à forma de ruptura, os CAD com resíduos de borracha apresentaram comportamentos diferenciados. Baseando-se nos valores da relação entre resistência à tração e resistência à compressão e da relação do módulo unitário, para os concretos CCA-A e Borracha e CCA-C e Borracha, foi possível verificar a redução da fragilidade e aumento da capacidade de absorção de energia. A incorporação de resíduos de cinza de casca de arroz e borracha de pneu ao CAD demonstraram viabilidade de uso como função estrutural, devido essencialmente ao bom desempenho das propriedades... / This dissertation broaches the application of high performance concrete (HPC) technology with residue incorporation: the rice husk ash-RHA (Amorphous and Crystalline) through the mass substitution of the gathering material and tire rubber in a partial substitution of the tiny aggregate in volume, evaluating the influence on the mechanic properties and durability through the comparison of the results with using silica fume and rubber and another without mineral incorporation and rubber. The concrete with ashes incorporation (Amorphous and Crystalline) and rubber presented superiority of mechanic properties and good abrasion by strength and impact strength, in relation to concrete without mineral incorporation and rubber As regards to rupture form, the high performance concrete with rubber residue presented different behavior. Based on the values of the relation between the splitting tensile strength and compression strength to and the relation of the unitary module, to the concretes RHA-A and rubber and RHA-C and rubber, it was possible to verify the breakability reduction and the increasing of energy absorption capacity. The incorporation the residues of rice husk ash and of tire rubber he HPC showed the feasibility the use as structure function, essentially due to the good performance... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
3

Beton unter mehraxialer Beanspruchung: Ein Materialgesetz für Hochleistungsbetone unter Kurzzeitbelastung

Speck, Kerstin 31 January 2008 (has links)
Diese Arbeit basiert auf der Untersuchung von hochfesten und ultrahochfesten Betonen mit und ohne Fasern unter zwei- und dreiaxialer Druckbeanspruchung. Die Auswirkung der unterschiedlichen Betonzusammensetzung ist für verschiedene Beanspruchungen nicht gleich ausgeprägt, dennoch konnten grundlegende Zusammenhänge herausgearbeitet werden. Anhand der Bruchbilder konnten die drei Versagensmechanismen Druck-, Spalt- und Schubbruch identifiziert werden, deren Charakteristik über die Kalibrierung an vier speziellen Versuchswerten direkt in das Bruchkriterium einfließen. Dieses stellt eine Erweiterung der Formulierung von OTTOSEN dar, so dass das spröde und z. T. anisotrope Verhalten von Hochleistungsbeton berücksichtigt wird. Die beobachteten Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verläufe korrelieren mit den Versagensformen. Deshalb wird ein Stoffgesetz getrennt für den Druck- und den Zugmeridian aufgestellt, dessen Parameter sich mit zunehmendem hydrostatischen Druck verändern. In die Anfangswerte fließen die Betonzusammensetzung und herstellungsbedingte Anisotropien ein. Die lastinduzierte Anisotropie infolge einer gerichteten Mikrorissbildung wird in dem vorgestellten Stoffgesetzt über richtungsabhängige Parameter ebenfalls berücksichtigt.
4

Verformungsverhalten und Grenzflächen von Ultrahochleistungsbeton unter mehraxialer Beanspruchung

Ritter, Robert 20 December 2013 (has links)
Treten im Beton mehraxiale Spannungszustände auf, führen diese gegenüber einer einaxialen Beanspruchung zu einer signifikanten Änderung des Materialverhaltens. Neben einer festigkeitssteigernden bzw. -abmindernden Wirkung ergeben sich ebenfalls große Unterschiede im Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhalten. Zur effizienten Konzipierung von Betonstrukturen unter komplexen Beanspruchungszuständen ist daher die Kenntnis des veränderten Materialverhaltens notwendig. Zur experimentellen Bestimmung des Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhaltens eines Ultrahochleistungsbetons mit einer einaxialen Druckfestigkeit von über 170 N/mm² wurden mehraxiale Belastungsversuche an würfelförmigen Probekörpern durchgeführt. Die Untersuchung umfasste insgesamt 35 zwei- und dreiaxiale Spannungsverhältnisse unter proportionaler Laststeigerung mit vorrangiger Betrachtung von Zug-Druck-Druck-Beanspruchungen. Für die Einleitung der Zugbeanspruchungen in die Prüfkörper wurde eine neue Methode entwickelt, bei der mittels einbetonierter Schrauben die Belastung auf den Beton übertragen wird. Die Bestimmung des Verformungsverhaltens erfolgte im Inneren der Probekörper mit sechs tetraederförmig angeordneten Faser-Bragg-Gittern. Die somit direkt gemessenen Dehnungen ermöglichen die nachträgliche Berechnung der Komponenten des Dehnungstensors des Bezugskoordinatensystems. Für den untersuchten Ultrahochleitsungsbeton fallen die auf die einaxiale Druckfestigkeit bezogenen mehraxialen Festigkeitswerte mit zunehmendem hydrostatischen Druckspannungsanteil der Beanspruchung geringer aus als bei Normalbetonen. Weiterhin weist das Verformungsverhalten eine größere Sprödigkeit gegenüber Normalbetonen auf, so dass auch unter dreiaxialen Druckspannungszuständen die Probekörper schlagartig versagen. Aus den gemessenen Spannungs-Dehnungs-Linien werden neben den maximalen Festigkeiten die Festigkeitswerte an der Elastizitätsgrenze, der Affinitätsgrenze sowie beim Volumenminimum der Probekörper bestimmt. Zur Approximation dieser charakteristischen Werte wurde eine Grenzflächenbeschreibung entwickelt und an den Versuchsergebnissen kalibriert. Des Weiteren erfolgte die Zusammenstellung einer Datenbank mit in der Literatur verfügbaren mehraxialen maximalen Festigkeitswerten von Betonen mit einaxialen Druckfestigkeiten von 10 N/mm² bis 180 N/mm² und die Kalibrierung des entwickelten Modells zur Grenzflächenbeschreibung in Abhängigkeit der einaxialen Druckfestigkeit. Die bei der Kalibrierung der Grenzfläche für einzelne Betonfestigkeitsklassen bestimmten Freiwerte hängen dabei stark von den vorliegenden Versuchsdaten und speziell vom Wertebereich der hydrostatischen Spannungsanteile der maximalen Beanspruchungen ab. Die Approximation des Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhaltens der mehraxial beanspruchten Probekörper erfolgt mittels eines schädigungsbasierten Materialgesetzes. Hierbei wird für den anfänglich isotropen Beton zum einen eine lastinduzierte isotrope Schädigung und zum anderen eine lastinduzierte orthotrope Schädigung angenommen, die von den auftretenden Hauptdehnungen abhängig ist. Mit dem entwickelten Materialgesetz werden sehr gute Übereinstimmungen mit den gemessenen Spannungs-Dehnungs-Linien erreicht, so dass sich ebenfalls eine gute Vorhersage der maximalen Festigkeitswerte ergibt. / Concrete under multiaxial stress states shows significant changes of the material behaviour compared to uniaxial loading. Besides strength increasing and decreasing effects, also great differences in the stress-strain behaviour occur. In order to design concrete structures efficiently concerning complex stress states, the knowledge about the modified material behaviour is necessary. To determine experimentally the stress-strain behaviour of an ultra high performance concrete with a uniaxial compressive strength of about 170 N/mm², multiaxial loading tests on cubic-shaped specimens were carried out. Altogether, the investigation contained 35 biaxial and triaxial stress ratios under proportionally increasing load with primarily tension-compression-compression loadings. Applying the tensile load on the specimen, a new method was developed, which uses screws embedded in the concrete to transfer the loading. The deformations were measured by using six tetrahedron-shaped arranged Fibre Bragg Gratings inside the concrete specimen. Subsequently, with the directly measured strains the components of the strain tensor of the reference coordinate system could be determined. For the investigated ultra high performance concrete the increase of the multiaxial strength, referring to the uniaxial compressive strength, decreases compared to normal strength concrete with the increasing hydrostatic stress component of the load. Moreover, the deformation behaviour shows an increased brittleness compared to normal strength concrete, so that even under triaxial compressive stress states the specimens fail abruptly. Besides the ultimate strength, from the measured stress-strain curves the strength at the proportional limit, at the limit of affinity as well as at the minimum volume of the specimen is determined. To approximate these characteristic values, a description of a hypersurface is developed and calibrated with the test results. Furthermore, a database with multiaxial ultimate strength values of concretes with uniaxial compressive strengths between 10 N/mm² to 180 N/mm² available from literature was compiled and a calibration of the developed hypersurface model depending on the uniaxial compressive strength was carried out. Thereby, the obtained values of arbitrary parameters of individual concrete strength classes depend severely on the available test results, especially on the range of values of the hydrostatic stress component of the ultimate strength. The approximation of the stress-strain behaviour of the multiaxial loaded specimens is carried out by means of a damage-based material law. For this purpose, concerning the initially isotropic concrete, a load-induced isotropic and orthotropic damage depending on the principle strains is assumed. With the developed material law, very good accordance with the measured stress-strain curves could be achieved, so that also results in a good approximation of the ultimate concrete strength.
5

Chloride penetration assessment on self-healing capability of conventional, high-performance, and ultra high-performance concrete

Doostkami, Hesam 02 September 2024 (has links)
Tesis por compendio / [ES] El hormigón, material de construcción fundamental en la ingeniería civil, ha sido muy estudiado para cuantificar y mejorar su resiliencia y vida útil. La exposi-ción prolongada a ciertas condiciones ambientales, y la carga mecánica en con-diciones de servicio, pueden resultar en la aparición de fisuras (< 0.4 mm), que no amenazan la integridad de la estructura, pero en algunos casos pueden redu-cir su durabilidad. En los últimos años, se han buscado nuevos enfoques para ob-tener la autosanación o autorreparación de fisuras en el hormigón. El hormigón autosanable se considera un enfoque prometedor para desarro-llar materiales de construcción duraderos y respetuosos con el medio ambiente. La autosanación en el hormigón implica la reducción de las fisuras, lo que reduci-ría las consecuencias negativas de su presencia. El hormigón tiene una capacidad inherente de autosanación, denominada sanación autógena, pero su capacidad es limitada. Se han investigado diversos enfoques para estimular la autosanación, incluida la introducción de productos innovadores dentro de la matriz del hor-migón o la mejora de sus capacidades inherentes. Esta tesis examina la capacidad de autosanado de varios tipos de hormigón, incluidos los convencionales, de altas prestaciones y de ultra altas prestaciones, y estudia y propone diferentes metodologías para evaluar y comparar hormigones con diferente comportamiento, como aquellos con tendencia a la multifisura-ción. Las metodologías realizadas son ensayos de cierre de fisuras, ensayos de permeabilidad y ensayos de penetración de cloruros. La tesis también examina la incorporación de diversos aditivos, como Aditivos Cristalinos, Polímeros Su-perabsorbentes, sepiolita, nanofibras de alúmina, nanocelulosa y bacterias, con el fin de estudiar su potencial mejora de la capacidad de autosanado. El objetivo de esta investigación surge de la necesidad de comprender me-jor los mecanismos de autosanado y su efecto en la durabilidad de las estructuras de hormigón. Esto incluye la evaluación y cuantificación del autosanado de dife-rentes hormigones, que sanaron en diferentes ambientes y condiciones de ini-ciación. Estos parámetros se eligen para proporcionar una evaluación integral de la respuesta del material. La aplicabilidad práctica de los resultados obtenidos se verifica en prototipos reducidos y a escala real, ampliando los experimentos más allá de las limitaciones del laboratorio y aumentando el nivel de madurez de la tecnología. Esta tesis proporciona un análisis amplio y en profundidad del hormigón au-tosanable. Los resultados obtenidos tienen el potencial no sólo de mejorar el conocimiento académico en el campo sino también de estimular mejoras en el diseño y la construcción de estructuras de hormigón duraderas y resilientes. / [CA] El formigó, un material de construcció fonamental a l'enginyeria civil, ha es-tat estudiat sovint per quantificar i millorar la seva resiliència i vida útil. L'exposi-ció perllongada a certes condicions ambientals, i la càrrega mecànica en condi-cions de servei, pot resultar en l'aparició de fisures (< 0.4 mm), que no suposen un perill per a la integritat de l'estructura, però que en alguns casos poden re-duir la seua durabilitat. En els últims anys, s'han buscat nous enfocs per obtenir l'autosanació o autoreparació de fissures al formigó. El formigó autosanable es considera un enfoc prometedor per desenvolupar materials de construcció duraders i respectuosos amb el medi ambient. L'auto-sanació al formigó implica la reducció de les fissures, cosa que reduiria les con-seqüències negatives de la seva presència. El formigó té una capacitat inherent d'autosanació, anomenada sanació autògena, però la seva capacitat és limitada. S'han investigat diversos enfocs per estimular l'autosanació, inclosa la introduc-ció de productes innovadors dins la matriu del formigó o la millora de les capaci-tats inherents. Aquesta tesi examina la capacitat d'autosanat de diversos tipus de formigó, inclosos els convencionals, d'altes prestacions i d'ultra altes prestacions, i estudia i proposa diferents metodologies per avaluar i comparar formigons amb com-portament diferent, com aquells amb tendència a la multifisuració. Les metodo-logies realitzades són assaigs de tancament de fissures, assaigs de permeabilitat i assaigs de penetració de clorurs. La tesi també examina la incorporació de diver-sos additius, com Additius Cristal·lins, Polímers Superabsorbents, sepiolita, nano-fibres d'alumini, nanocel·lulosa i bactèries, per tal d'estudiar la potencial millora de la capacitat d'autosanat. L'objectiu d'aquesta investigació sorgeix de la necessitat de comprendre mi-llor els mecanismes dautosanat i el seu efecte en la durabilitat de les estructures de formigó. Això inclou l'avaluació i la quantificació de l'autosanat de diferents formigons, que van curar-se en diferents ambients i condicions d'iniciació. Aquests paràmetres es trien per proporcionar una avaluació integral de la res-posta del material. L'aplicabilitat pràctica dels resultats obtinguts es verifica en prototips reduïts ia escala real, ampliant els experiments més enllà de les limita-cions del laboratori i augmentant el nivell de maduresa de la tecnologia. Aquesta tesi proporciona una anàlisi àmplia i en profunditat del formigó au-tosanable. Els resultats obtinguts tenen el potencial no només de millorar el coneixement acadèmic al camp sinó també d'estimular millores en el disseny i la construcció d'estructures de formigó duraderes i resilients. / [EN] Concrete, a primary construction material in civil engineering, has been fre-quently examined to quantify and improve its resilience and lifespan. Prolonged exposure to certain environmental conditions, as well as mechanical loading in service conditions, may result in the development of small cracks (< 0.4 mm), which do not threaten the safety of the structure but, in some cases, may reduce its durability. In the last few years, researchers have pursued novel approaches to obtain self-healing or self-repair of cracks in concrete. Self-healing concrete has emerged as a promising approach to developing durable and environmentally friendly construction materials. Self-healing in concrete involves the reduction of cracks, which would reduce the negative consequences of its presence. Concrete has an inherent self-healing capacity and autogenous healing, but its capability is limited. Diverse approaches have been investigated to stimulate self-healing, including introducing innovative products inside concrete matrix or improving its inherent abilities. The current thesis examines the self-healing capability of various concrete types, including conventional, high-performance, and ultra-high-performance concretes, and studies and proposes different methodologies for evaluating and comparing concretes with different behavior, such as those with the tendency to show multi-cracking. The methodologies performed are crack closing tests, permeability tests, and chloride penetration tests. The thesis also examines the incorporation of various additives, such as Crystalline Admixture, Superabsor-bent Polymers, sepiolite, alumina nano-fibers, nanocellulose, and bacteria, to study their potential enhancement of the self-healing capability. The purpose of this research comes from the need to comprehend the self-healing mechanisms and their influence on the durability of concrete structures. This includes the evaluation and quantification of the material's performance in different concretes that healed in different healing exposures and with different initiation conditions. These parameters are chosen to provide a comprehensive assessment of the material's performance. The practical applicability of the re-sults obtained is verified in reduced and full-scale prototypes, upgrading the experiments beyond the limitations of the laboratory and increasing the Tech-nology Readiness Level. This thesis provides a broad and in-depth analysis of self-healing concrete, ex-amining its potential. The findings cannot only enhance academic knowledge but also stimulate improvements in the design and construction of long-lasting and resilient concrete structures. / Doostkami, H. (2024). Chloride penetration assessment on self-healing capability of conventional, high-performance, and ultra high-performance concrete [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/207287 / Compendio

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