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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Conditional many-body dynamics and quantum control of ultracold fermions and bosons in optical lattices coupled to quantized light

Mazzucchi, Gabriel January 2016 (has links)
We study the atom-light interaction in the fully quantum regime, with the focus on off-resonant light scattering into a cavity from ultracold atoms trapped in an optical lattice. Because of the global coupling between the atoms and the light modes, observing the photons leaking from the cavity allows the quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement of quantum correlations of the atomic ensemble, distinguishing between different quantum states. Moreover, the detection of the photons perturbs the quantum state of the atoms via the so-called measurement backaction. This effect constitutes an unusual additional dynamical source in a many-body strongly correlated system and it is able to efficiently compete with its intrinsic short-range dynamics. This competition becomes possible due to the ability to change the spatial profile of a global measurement at a microscopic scale comparable to the lattice period, without the need of single site addressing. We demonstrate nontrivial dynamical effects such as large-scale multimode oscillations, breakup and protection of strongly interacting fermion pairs. We show that measurement backaction can be exploited for realizing quantum states with spatial modulations of the density and magnetization, thus overcoming usual requirement for a strong interatomic interactions. We propose detection schemes for implementing antiferromagnetic states and density waves and we demonstrate that such long-range correlations cannot be realized with local addressing. Finally, we describe how to stabilize these emerging phases with the aid of quantum feedback. Such a quantum optical approach introduces into many-body physics novel processes, objects, and methods of quantum engineering, including the design of many-body entangled environments for open systems and it is easily extendable to other systems promising for quantum technologies.
2

Anticipative alpha-stable linear processes for time series analysis : conditional dynamics and estimation / Processus linéaires alpha-stables anticipatifs pour l'analyse des séries temporelles : dynamique conditionnelle et estimation

Fries, Sébastien 04 December 2018 (has links)
Dans le contexte des séries temporelles linéaires, on étudie les processus strictement stationnaires dits anticipatifs dépendant potentiellement de tous les termes d'une suite d'erreurs alpha-stables indépendantes et identiquement distribuées.On considère en premier lieu les processus autoregressifs (AR) et l'on montre que des moments conditionnels d'ordres plus élevés que les moments marginaux existent dès lors que le polynôme caractéristique admet au moins une racine à l'intérieur du cercle unité.Des formules fermées sont obtenues pour les moments d'ordre un et deux dans des cas particuliers.On montre que la méthode des moindres carrés permet d'estimer une représentation all-pass causale du processus dont la validité peut être vérifiée par un test de type portmanteau, et l'on propose une méthode fondée sur des propriétés d'extreme clustering pour retrouver la représentation AR originale.L'AR(1) stable anticipatif est étudié en détails dans le cadre des vecteurs stables bivariés et des formes fonctionnelles pour les quatre premiers moments conditionnels sont obtenues pour toute paramétrisation admissible.Lors des évènements extrêmes, il est montré que ces moments deviennent équivalents à ceux d'une distribution de Bernoulli chargeant deux évolutions futures opposées: accroissement exponentiel ou retour aux valeurs centrales.Des résultats parallèles sont obtenus pour l'analogue de l'AR(1) en temps continu, le processus d'Ornstein-Uhlenbeck stable anticipatif.Pour des moyennes mobiles alpha-stables infinies, la distribution conditionnelle des chemins futurs sachant la trajectoire passée est obtenue lors des évènements extrêmes par le biais d'une nouvelle représentation des vecteurs stables multivariés sur des cylindres unités relatifs à des semi-normes.Contrairement aux normes, ce type de représentation donne lieu à une propriété de variations régulières des queues de distribution utilisable dans un contexte de prévision, mais tout vecteur stable n'admet pas une telle représentation. Une caractérisation est donnée et l'on montre qu'un chemin fini de moyenne mobile alpha-stable sera représentable pourvu que le processus soit "suffisamment anticipatif".L'approche s'étend aux processus résultant de la combinaison linéaire de moyennes mobiles alpha-stables, et la distribution conditionnelle des chemins futurs s'interprète naturellement en termes de reconnaissance de formes. / In the framework of linear time series analysis, we study a class of so-called anticipative strictly stationary processes potentially depending on all the terms of an independent and identically distributed alpha-stable errors sequence.Focusing first on autoregressive (AR) processes, it is shown that higher order conditional moments than marginal ones exist provided the characteristic polynomials admits at least one root inside the unit circle. The forms of the first and second order moments are obtained in special cases.The least squares method is shown to provide a consistent estimator of an all-pass causal representation of the process, the validity of which can be tested by a portmanteau-type test. A method based on extreme residuals clustering is proposed to determine the original AR representation.The anticipative stable AR(1) is studied in details in the framework of bivariate alpha-stable random vectors and the functional forms of its first four conditional moments are obtained under any admissible parameterisation.It is shown that during extreme events, these moments become equivalent to those of a two-point distribution charging two polarly-opposite future paths: exponential growth or collapse.Parallel results are obtained for the continuous time counterpart of the AR(1), the anticipative stable Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.For infinite alpha-stable moving averages, the conditional distribution of future paths given the observed past trajectory during extreme events is derived on the basis of a new representation of stable random vectors on unit cylinders relative to semi-norms.Contrary to the case of norms, such representation yield a multivariate regularly varying tails property appropriate for prediction purposes, but not all stable vectors admit such a representation.A characterisation is provided and it is shown that finite length paths of a stable moving average admit such representation provided the process is "anticipative enough".Processes resulting from the linear combination of stable moving averages are encompassed, and the conditional distribution has a natural interpretation in terms of pattern identification.

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