In this research a novel adaptation of Luborsky’s Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) method was implemented within a phenomenological methodology. The Duquesne phenomenological research method (DPRM) provided the framework for the new methodology. This new method was applied to a case study consisting of transcripts of therapy sessions conducted by the researcher with a Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) client. The CCRT method provides a useful structure for analysing relational experiences in transcripts. Application of the CCRT to a transcript however proved insufficient to provide the depth and richness of information that was of interest to the researcher. For this reason application of the CCRT as a technique within a broader phenomenological method was considered. This integration combines benefits of both methods, in terms of providing a more structured way of identifying meaning units in transcripts, as well as through retaining the depth and richness of recorded relational experiences. In the original CCRT method client accounts of relational interactions are analyzed in terms of the wishe/s, need/s and intention/s (WIN/s) of the client directed towards some person/s, the response of the other person/s and the client’s response to him/herself. In the proposed modification of the CCRT method the emphasis was changed to analysis of all accounts of interactions, even if occurring outside of therapy, as pertaining to interpersonal occurrences within the client-therapist relationship. Analysing transcripts in this way, i.e. emphasising the importance of current context, required a structured means of identifying relational experiences, not only in terms of the client’s WIN/s, but also in terms of the therapist’s WIN/s. The results of this study suggest that the above method resulted in increased insight and understanding of the interpersonal experiences examined, and that it transformed the therapist’s insight regarding his own role in interpersonal interactions with this specific client. The increased understanding resulting from this study should benefit future clients in therapy with the therapist. The modified method’s main contributions are that it provides a more structured approach to the identification of meaning units as well as a more formal way of including context through evaluation of the flow of experiences between relational experiences (REs). The main drawbacks of the method were the difficulties associated with demarcating REs and ordering of information in the developed Unit Interaction Record Sheet (UIRS). These difficulties initially caused application of the method to be very time consuming. This improved as the researcher’s expertise at using the new technique increased. Although the method has the potential to be a general tool for analysing transcripts, which are not limited to a specific theoretical orientation, further research is necessary to determine the usefulness of the modified methodology as a general research instrument. / Dissertation (MA (Clinical Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Psychology / MA / unrestricted

Le CCRT est une mesure opérationnelle qui permet de mieux comprendre les schémas relationnels interpersonnels, les comportements, les émotions et les pensées. Il a été démontré que ces schémas relationnels sont liés aux interactions sociales et sont une caractéristique centrale des troubles de personnalité (Horowitz, 1991). Les objectifs de cette recherche sont: 1) d'évaluer la fidélité inter-juges du CCRT lorsqu'il est appliqué à des récits de patients atteints du trouble de personnalité état-limite (ÉL) et 2) de vérifier si les schémas relationnels conflictuels des patients ÉL, obtenus à l'aide du CCRT, diffèrent de ceux de patients qui ne souffrent pas de trouble de personnalité. Quarante patients ont participé à cette étude. La plupart avait un trouble sur I' Axe-1 du DSM-111-R (A.P.A., 1987). La moitié des sujets avait un trouble de personnalité ÉL, tandis que l'autre moitié n'avait aucun trouble de personnalité. Les résultats démontrent que le CCRT peut être appliqué de façon fiable aux récits de patients ayant le trouble de personnalité état-limite. Aucune différence significative n'a été observée entre les désirs (W) et les réponses des autres (RO) des deux groupes, cependant les deux groupes ont démontré des réponses du sujet (RS) différentes. Cette étude fait partie d'un projet de recherche auquel participent une centaine de patients et qui corrèle différentes mesures, dont le CCRT (Luborsky, 1984), )'Échelle de structure de Structure de Personnalité (ESP) (Diguer, 1994), et le Object representation inventory (Blatt et al., 1991). / The CCRT is an operational measure that gives us a better understanding of the relationships between object relations, schemas, behaviors, emotions and cognitions. It has also been demonstrated that these interpersonal relationship schemas are related to social interactions, and personality disorders (Horowitz, 1991). The goals of this study are to examine 1) whether the CCRT can be reliably applied to transcripts of Borderline Personality Disorder patients and 2) whether the CCRT from this population differ from those of non personality disorder patients. Fourty patients were included in this study. All presented with either a DSM-III-R Adjustment, mild Mood or Anxiety disorder. Half of the patients also had a Borderline personality disorder (BPD), the other half had no Axis-II diagnosis. The results show that the CCRT can indeed be applied to BPD patients’ narratives. No significant differences were found on the Wish and Response of Other components although difference has been found in the Response of Self component.This study is part of a larger project including about 100 patients and correlating several measures such as the CCRT (Luborsky, 1984), the Personality Structure Scale (PSS) (Diguer, 1994), and the Object representation inventory (Blatt et al., 1991).

La jeune génération de salariés est souvent accusée d’être moins militante, moins solidaire que les générations précédentes. L’objectif général de cette recherche est de démystifier les préjugés entourant l’engagement militant chez les jeunes syndiqués québécois d’aujourd’hui. Pour ce faire, divers concepts sont présentés, comme celui de jeunesse, de génération et d’engagement militant. Une synthèse de l’évolution historique de l’engagement militant ainsi que la situation particulière de la jeunesse contemporaine dans l’action syndicale permettent de dresser un portrait général. Notre cadre théorique repose sur les concepts d’individualisme et de conflit. L’approche qualitative et l’entrevue semi-dirigée ont été privilégiées. Le résultat de notre enquête menée auprès de dix-sept facteurs et factrices du Syndicat des travailleurs et travailleuses des postes nous révèle que l’engagement militant des jeunes est à la fois le reflet d’une distanciation et une manière différente de concevoir l’engagement militant. Les jeunes syndiqués ne sont pas plus individualistes que les autres générations, mais ils connaissent peu le syndicalisme. D’une part, les jeunes adoptent une position de recul afin de mieux s’approprier la chose syndicale. Il est possible d’affirmer que l’engagement militant n’est pas un phénomène statique, il évolue en acquérant l’expérience. D’autre part, faiblement socialisés au syndicalisme et fortement socialisés au droit, au dialogue et au respect, les jeunes syndiqués appréhendent les conduites violentes et les discours martiaux. Ces derniers ont une vision modérée sans être pour autant passive, car ils valorisent l’action collective et ont plus de facilités à déposer des griefs. / Younger generation workers are often accused of being less engaged and less united in militant activities than the previous generations. The general aim of this research is to demystify the prejudices surrounding the commitment towards union activities of today’s young Quebecois. To do it, diverse concepts are presented as that of youth, generation and militant commitment. An assessment on the historic evolution of the militating commitment as well as the particular situation of the contemporary youth in the industrial action allow to draw up a general portrait. Our theoretical frame rests on concepts of individualism and conflict. The qualitative approach and the semi-directed interview were retained. The result of our survey led with seventeen mailmen and mailwomen of the Canadian Union of Postal Workers (Montreal section) reveals that the militant commitment of the young people is at the same time the reflection of an alienation and a different way of conceiving militant commitment. The young people are not more individualistic than members of the other generations but they know little about the trade unionism. On one hand, the young union members take a step backwards to better appropriate the labor-union matter. It is possible to maintain that the militant commitment is not a static phenomenon, it evolves in contact of experience. On other hand, weakly socialized in the trade unionism and strongly socialized to law matters, to dialogue and to respect, they dread the violent driving and the warlike speeches. The later have softened vision without therefore passive, because they promote collective action and have more opportunities to deposit grievances.

La jeune génération de salariés est souvent accusée d’être moins militante, moins solidaire que les générations précédentes. L’objectif général de cette recherche est de démystifier les préjugés entourant l’engagement militant chez les jeunes syndiqués québécois d’aujourd’hui. Pour ce faire, divers concepts sont présentés, comme celui de jeunesse, de génération et d’engagement militant. Une synthèse de l’évolution historique de l’engagement militant ainsi que la situation particulière de la jeunesse contemporaine dans l’action syndicale permettent de dresser un portrait général. Notre cadre théorique repose sur les concepts d’individualisme et de conflit. L’approche qualitative et l’entrevue semi-dirigée ont été privilégiées. Le résultat de notre enquête menée auprès de dix-sept facteurs et factrices du Syndicat des travailleurs et travailleuses des postes nous révèle que l’engagement militant des jeunes est à la fois le reflet d’une distanciation et une manière différente de concevoir l’engagement militant. Les jeunes syndiqués ne sont pas plus individualistes que les autres générations, mais ils connaissent peu le syndicalisme. D’une part, les jeunes adoptent une position de recul afin de mieux s’approprier la chose syndicale. Il est possible d’affirmer que l’engagement militant n’est pas un phénomène statique, il évolue en acquérant l’expérience. D’autre part, faiblement socialisés au syndicalisme et fortement socialisés au droit, au dialogue et au respect, les jeunes syndiqués appréhendent les conduites violentes et les discours martiaux. Ces derniers ont une vision modérée sans être pour autant passive, car ils valorisent l’action collective et ont plus de facilités à déposer des griefs. / Younger generation workers are often accused of being less engaged and less united in militant activities than the previous generations. The general aim of this research is to demystify the prejudices surrounding the commitment towards union activities of today’s young Quebecois. To do it, diverse concepts are presented as that of youth, generation and militant commitment. An assessment on the historic evolution of the militating commitment as well as the particular situation of the contemporary youth in the industrial action allow to draw up a general portrait. Our theoretical frame rests on concepts of individualism and conflict. The qualitative approach and the semi-directed interview were retained. The result of our survey led with seventeen mailmen and mailwomen of the Canadian Union of Postal Workers (Montreal section) reveals that the militant commitment of the young people is at the same time the reflection of an alienation and a different way of conceiving militant commitment. The young people are not more individualistic than members of the other generations but they know little about the trade unionism. On one hand, the young union members take a step backwards to better appropriate the labor-union matter. It is possible to maintain that the militant commitment is not a static phenomenon, it evolves in contact of experience. On other hand, weakly socialized in the trade unionism and strongly socialized to law matters, to dialogue and to respect, they dread the violent driving and the warlike speeches. The later have softened vision without therefore passive, because they promote collective action and have more opportunities to deposit grievances.

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