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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Spectroscopic characterization of fluorescent nano-diamonds

You, Jr-chi 10 February 2010 (has links)
Fluorescent nano-diamond(FND) is an unique fluorescence bio-labeling materials, which exhibit good fluorescence yield, excellent photostability, and non-toxicity. The emission color of FND is determined by the defect centers in the diamond crystal. When the defect center composed of one vacancy and two nearest-neighborhood nitrogen substitutes, it forms a H3 center. H3 center has a zero-phonon line at 496nm , and a broadband green emission around 530 nm,. When the FND contains lots of H3 centers, the emission color is green, hence it¡¦s called green FND(gFND). Since H3 centers composed of two nitrogen substitutes, it is naturally to fabricate the gFNDs by diamonds with high nitrogen substitutes. However, H3 center is not the only products when the diamond contains many nitrogen substitutes, and high density of vacancies. Other type of defect centers (NV-, NV0, ¡K) exhibit lower energy gap, and quench the emission of H3 centers. In this thesis, it aims to study the spectroscopic homogeneity of the gFNDs. Comparing the intensity of the scattering images and the corresponding fluorescence images, it provides the information of the relation between particle size and the density of color centers. Furthermore, images with different color filters are compared to provide the information of the composition of defect structures. Fluorescence lifetime image is performed for the emission dynamics of the nano-particle. The results indicate that the decay lifetime has an relation to the emission intensity. When the nano-particle contains more color centers, it quenches the emission from H3 centers more.
2

Dégénérescence musculaire chez Caenorhabditis elegans : caractérisation morphologique et étude de suppresseurs / Muscle degeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans : morphological caracterisation and study of suppressors

Brouilly, Nicolas 23 September 2013 (has links)
Les dystrpohies musculaires sont des maladies génétiques rares qui se caractérisent par une dégénérescence musculaire progressive. la Dystrophie Musculaire de Duchenne (DMD) qui est la plus sévère d'entre elles est due à des mutations dans le gène de la dystrophine. Les mécanismes cellulaires impliqués dans le processus de dégénérescence des muscles restent peu compris et aucun traitement efficace n'existe à ce jour. Notre équipe a développé un modèle de la DMD chez le nématode C. elegans qui présente une dégénérescence musculaire progressive. Pendant ma thèse, j'ai caractérisé le processus de dégénérescence musculaire chez ce modèle par microscopie électronique. J'ai également contribué à une étude du rôle des mitochondries dans la dégénérescence musculaire dystrophine-dépendante chez le nématode. Par ailleurs, j'ai étudié l'effet de suppresseurs pharmacologique et génétiques de la dégénérescence musculaire dystrophine-dépendante. Enfin, j'ai pu mettre en évidence que la force exercée par le muscle influence le taux de dégénérescence musculaire. L'ensemble des résultats obtenus au cours de ma thèse, suggèrent que la perte de fonctions de la dystrophine affecte chez le nématode l'intégrité du sarcolemme et des structures d'ancrage des sarcomères et déclenche ainsi une cascade d'événements intracellulaires conduisant in fin à la mort de la cellule musculaire. Ainsi mes travaux dethèse mettent en évidence de nouveau mécanismes cellulaires impliqués dans la dégénérescence musculaire et ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives pour le développement de thérapie visant à cibler les défauts primaires ou secondaires induits par la perte de fonction de la dystrophine / Muscle dystrophies are genetic diseases caraterized by progressive muscle degeneration. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is the most severe and is due to a mutation in the gene coding the dystrophin protein. The cellular mechanisms implicated in the degenerating process arte not understood yet and there is still no efficient treatment to cure the disease. Our group decvelopped a DMD model in C. elegans that presents progressive muscle degeneration. During my PhD thesis, I characterized the process of muscle degeneration in this model by electron microscopy. I also contribued to an investigation of the role of mitochondira in dystophin-dependant muscle degeneration. I also studied the effect of pharmacological and genetic suppressors of muscle degeneration. Finally, I showed that the force developped by the worm to move influences the level of muscle degeneration. Altogether, the results I obtained during my PhD thesis, suggest that the loss of funciotnof the dystrophin protein affects the integrity of the muscle plasma membrane and the sarcomeres anchoring structures triggering a cascade of intracellular events leading to the muscle cell death in C. elegans. Therefore, my results highlight new cellular mechanisms implicated in the phenomenon of muscle degeneration and open new perspectives for the development of therapies targeting primary and secondary defects induced by the dystrophin loss of function.

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