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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Óleo de soja e própolis na alimentação de cabras leiteiras / Soybean oil and propolis in the diets of dairy goats

Camardelli, Maíra Machado Leal 28 March 2003 (has links)
Submitted by Nathália Faria da Silva (nathaliafsilva.ufv@gmail.com) on 2017-07-11T13:53:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 189934 bytes, checksum: f9078f599e038dfae9e0367309bf1a99 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-11T13:53:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 189934 bytes, checksum: f9078f599e038dfae9e0367309bf1a99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-03-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Foram realizados dois experimentos com o objetivo de verificar os efeitos da adição de óleo de soja (OLS), extrato etanólico de própolis (EEP) e própolis bruta moída (PBM) na alimentação de cabras leiteiras sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade de matéria seca (MS), matéria orgânica (MO), proteína bruta (PB), extrato etéreo (EE), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e carboidratos não-fibrosos (CNF); produção e composição do leite; e alguns parâmetros de fermentação ruminal, como pH, amônia (NH 3 ), ácidos graxos voláteis (AGV) e atividade específica de produção de amônia (AEPA) pela microbiota ruminal. No primeiro experimento foram utilizadas seis cabras Alpinas fistuladas no rúmen, em seis períodos experimentais. As dietas foram compostas de 67% de silagem de milho e 33% de concentrado à base de fubá de milho e farelo de soja. Os animais foram submetidos aos tratamentos controle (CON), seguido de cinco níveis crescentes de OLS, EEP e PBM. Não houve efeito de tratamento sobre as variáveis relacionadas ao consumo, exceto pelo aumento do consumo de extrato etéreo no tratamento contendo óleo de soja. Contudo, houve tendências de diminuição da concentração de butirato nos tratamentos PBM e OLS e de redução da relação acetato:propionato nos tratamentos EEP e OLS. No segundo experimento foram utilizadas dezesseis cabras Alpinas, sendo que quatro animais estavam fistulados no rúmen. Os animais foram alocados em quatro quadrados latinos, 4x4, em um arranjo fatorial 2x2 dos tratamentos. Foram adicionados ao concentrado 0 ou 120 g de OLS e 0 ou 10 mL de EEP animal/dia. As dietas foram isoprotéicas, com 14% de PB e compostas de 67% de silagem de milho e 33% de concentrado à base de fubá de milho e farelo de soja, diferindo entre si pela ausência ou presença de OLS e EEP. O OLS reduziu os consumos de MS (%PV e g/kg PV 0,75 ), FDN e CNF; reduziu a digestibilidade da FDN, aumentou a digestibilidade da PB e do EE e o teor de nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT); diminuiu a produção e aumentou os percentuais de gordura, proteína e sólidos totais no leite; aumentou o pH e reduziu a relação acetato:propionato no líquido ruminal. Houve interação entre OLS e EEP sobre os consumos de MS (kg/animal/dia), MO, PB, EE, FDN e CNF, em que o EEP aumentou os consumos para os animais submetidos ao tratamento sem OLS e reduziu os consumos quando o OLS estava presente na dieta. Houve, ainda, tendências de redução do percentual de acetato e da relação acetato:propionato pelo uso de EEP. / Two experiments were carried out with the objective to verify the effects of soybean oil (SBO), ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) and grinded crude propolis (GCP) in the diets of dairy goats on intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and non fibrous carbohydrates (NFC); production and composition of the milk; and some ruminal parameters, such as pH, ammonia (NH 3 ), volatile fatty acids (VFA) and specific activity of ammonia production (SAAP) by the ruminal microbiota. On the first experiment six ruminal fistulated Alpine female goats were used in six experimental periods. The diets contained 67% corn silage and 33% concentrate based on corn and soybean meal. The animals were submitted to control treatment (CON), and five increasing levels of SBO, EEP and GCP. There was no treatment effect on the intake variables, except by increasing on Ethereal extract intake in the treatment containing soybean oil. However, there were trends for decrease in butyrate in the treatments with GCP and SBO and decrease in acetate:propionate ratio in the treatments with EEP and SBO. On the second experiment sixteen Alpine female goats were used, and four xanimals were fistulated in the rumen. The animals were allocated in four 4x4 Latin squares, in a factorial 2x2 design of the treatments. It was added to the concentrate 0 or 120 g of SBO and 0 or 10 mL of EEP animal/day. The diets had the same protein content, with 14% CP and contained 67% corn silage and 33% concentrate based on corn and soybean meal, differing to each other by the absence or presence of soybean oil and ethanolic extract of propolis. The SBO decreased the intakes of DM (%BW and g/kg BW 0.75 ), NDF and NFC; decreased the digestibility of NDF, increased the digestibilities of CP and EE and increased the total digestible nutrients content (TDN); decreased the production and increased the percentual contents of fat, protein and total solids in the milk; increased the pH and decreased the acetate:propionate ratio in the ruminal fluid. There was interaction between SBO and EEP on the intakes (kg/animal/day) of DM, OM, CP, EE, NDF and NFC, in which the EEP increased the intakes in the animals submitted to the treatment without SBO and decreased the intakes when the SBO was present in the diet. There was, in addition, trends for reduction of the percentual of acetate and the acetate:propionate ratio by using the EEP.

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