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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo das atividades das cabenegrinas A-I e A-II frente aos efeitos hematolÃgicos e histolÃgicos induzidos pelo veneno total e fraÃÃes da serpente Bothrops neuwiedi em camundongos Swiss. / Study of the activities of cabenegrinas A-I and A-II compared to the histological and hematological effects induced by the venom and fractions of the snake Bothrops neuwiedi in Swiss mice.

AlcÃnia Braga de Lima Arruda 30 June 2011 (has links)
nÃo hà / A serpente Bothrops neuwiedi possui veneno que tem aÃÃo principalmente do tipo prÃ-coagulante, hemorrÃgica e proteolÃtica. O veneno da Bothrops neuwiedi quando inoculado, possui aÃÃo primariamente local e secundariamente sistÃmica. Os efeitos sistÃmicos do envenenamento compreendem alteraÃÃes em diferentes sistemas como: hematolÃgico, cardiovascular, hepÃtico, urinÃrio, respiratÃrio, imunolÃgico, digestÃrio e nervoso. Os mecanismos que ocasionam tais alteraÃÃes sÃo complexos e os vÃrios componentes tÃxicos dos venenos podem agir direta ou indiretamente nas cÃlulas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as possÃveis alteraÃÃes hematolÃgicas e histolÃgicas induzidas pelo veneno total e pelas fraÃÃes fosfolipase A2 e lectina C da serpente Bothrops neuwiedi, nos tempos 2, 4, 8, 16 e 24 horas em camundongos Swiss e avaliar as cabenegrinas A-I e A-II na neutralizaÃÃo das atividades biolÃgicas do veneno total da serpente Bothrops neuwiedi analisando seu potencial antiofÃdico para possÃvel complementaÃÃo da soroterapia. Foram estudadas as aÃÃes do veneno total, fosfolipase A2 e lectina C sobre o sistema hematolÃgico, avaliando o hemograma, mielograma e esplenograma em diferentes tempos. O hemograma foi realizado pelo contador de cÃlulas sanguÃneas Sysmex-Roche, modelo KX-21N, o mielograma atravÃs da contagem diferencial e morfolÃgica das cÃlulas da medula Ãssea atravÃs de lÃminas obtidas apÃs citocentrifugaÃÃo (centrÃfuga citolÃgica modelo IncibrÃs) e o esplenograma atravÃs da quantificaÃÃo e morfologia das cÃlulas em âimprintâ do baÃo. ApÃs o estudo hematolÃgico, rins, baÃo, fÃgado e coraÃÃo foram submetidos à anÃlise histolÃgica. Todos os parÃmetros estudados foram analisados pelo teste de ANOVA e pelo teste nÃo-paramÃtrico exato de Kruskal-Wallis, com p< 0,05. Os resultados mostraram que as principais alteraÃÃes quantitativas nas cÃlulas hematolÃgicas com o uso do veneno total e as fraÃÃes lectina C e fosfolipase A2 da serpente Bothops neuwiedi foram: discreto aumento do nÃmero de hemÃcias e no hematÃcrito, leucocitose e plaquetopenia no sangue perifÃrico; aumento das cÃlulas eritrÃides e mielÃides no mielograma e aumento das cÃlulas mielÃides no esplenograma. Estas alteraÃÃes foram mais evidentes nos tempo de duas e quatro horas apÃs o envenenamento. As alteraÃÃes histolÃgicas no baÃo, rins, coraÃÃo e fÃgado, caracterizaram-se principalmente, por congestÃo, edema intersticial, hemorragia, degeneraÃÃo hidrÃpica e processo inflamatÃrio. Quando os animais foram tratados com as cabenegrinas, foi verificado que estas nÃo conseguiram reverter Ãs alteraÃÃes quantitativas das cÃlulas no baÃo provocadas pelo veneno total. PorÃm, as cabenegrinas A-I e A-II em todas as diluiÃÃes utilizadas foram capazes de inibir a plaquetopenia, reduzir o aumento da concentraÃÃo de cÃlulas mielÃides no mielograma e reverter todas as alteraÃÃes histolÃgicas encontradas em todos os ÃrgÃos estudados. TambÃm foi visto que a cabenegrina A-I na diluiÃÃo 2,5:1 e as cabenegrinas A-II nas diluiÃÃes 2,5:1 e 5:1 neutralizaram as alteraÃÃes na contagem diferencial, ou seja, as referidas cabenegrinas diminuÃram o nÃmero de neutrÃfilos segmentados, refletindo tambÃm no nÃmero de neutrÃfilos totais. Estes resultados sugerem que as cabenegrinas A-I e A-II poderÃo no futuro ser utilizadas como coadjuvantes no tratamento do acidente provocado pela serpente Bothrops neuwiedi. / The venom of the Bothrops neuwiedi provokes an action mainly of the hemorrhagic, proteolytic and coagulant type. When inoculated, the venom cause primarily a local action, and secondarily a systemic action. The systemic effects of poisoning include changes in various systems such as hematological, cardiovascular, liver, urinary, respiratory, immune, digestive and nervous. The mechanisms that cause the changes are complex and the various toxic components of the venom may act directly or indirectly on the cells. This study aimed first to investigate possible histological and hematological caused by the whole venom and by the phospholipase A2 and lectin C fractions from Bothrops neuwiedi snake, at 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 hours intervals in mice, and then evaluate the cabenegrins A-I and A-II in the neutralization of the biological activities of the snake whole venom, analyzing its anti-ophidian potential for possible complementation of serum therapy. We studied the actions of the whole venom and of the phospholipase A2 and lectin C fractions on the hematological system, evaluating the hemogram, the myelogram and the splenogram, at different times. The hemogram was performed by the Sysmex-Roche blood cell counter model KX-21N; the myelogram was performed through the differential and morphological count of bone marrow cells using slides obtained after cytospin (using Cytological Centrifuge model IncibrÃs); and the splenogram, by quantifying and morphology of the cells in "imprint" of the spleen. After the hematological study, the kidneys, spleen, liver and heart were subjected to histological analysis. All studied parameters were analyzed by the ANOVA test and by the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis exact test, with p<0.05. The results showed that main quantitative changes in the hematological cells, using the whole venom and the phospholipase A2 and lectin C fractions were: slight increase in erythrocytes and hematocrit, leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia, with repercussion in the peripheral blood; increase of erythroid and myeloid cells in myelogram and increase in myeloid cells in the splenogram. These changes were more evident two and four hours after the poisoning. The histological changes in the kidneys, spleen, liver and heart were characterized mainly by congestion, interstitial edema, hemorrhage, hydropicdegeneration and inflammatory process. When animals were treated with cabenegrins it was detected that these could not revert the quantitative changes of the spleen cells caused by the whole venom. However, all dilutions of cabenegrins AI and A-II were able to inhibit the thrombocytopenia and the increase of myeloid cells in the myelogram, and reverse all the histological changes found in all the studied organs. The treatment with cabenegrins also showed that the cabenegrins A-I (in the 2.5:1 dilution) and the cabenegrins A-II (in the 2.5:1 and 5:1 dilutions) neutralized the changes in the differential count, i.e., these cabenegrins decreased the number of segmented neutrophils, reflecting in the total number of neutrophils. These results suggest that the cabenegrins AI and A-II may be used in the future as an adjunctive treatment of treatment of snake accidents caused by Bothrops neuwiedi.

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